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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple types of ion channels in cavernous smooth muscle (1997)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 15 (1997), S. 45-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The excitation process of the smooth muscle of corpus cavernosum is important to the erectile process. Single-cell electrophysiology performed during the last decade has given deep insights into the different current components participating in that process. However, the existence of a tremendous amount of literature might be confusing for the nonspecialist in the field of smooth-muscle excitation and, especially, in the excitation of corpus cavernosum. In a compact form, this paper gives an overview on significant ionic currents as well as their ability to change the membrane potential and to enhance or inhibit calcium influx for the modulation of smooth-muscle tone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275156
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extension of the tuning range of a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser amplifier through cascaded second-order nonlinear frequency conversion processes (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 7704-7712 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The article presents single step and cascade methods for converting the femtosecond radiation from a 1 kHz repetition rate Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier to the near-infrared (1.2–1.5 μm and 1.6–2.2 μm), visible (554–593 nm), and for the first time to our knowledge to the vacuum ultraviolet spectral region well below 190 nm. Using only solid state materials (nonlinear optical crystals) femtosecond pulses are generated through phase-matched mixing processes down to 172.7 nm. The developed scheme for femtosecond parametric conversion provides nearly bandwidth limited femtosecond pulses, whose duration is comparable or even shorter than that of the pump pulses. The temporal gain narrowing in the optical parametric amplifier is identified as a pulse compression mechanism on the femtosecond time scale leading to generation of infrared light pulses as short as ≈50 fs. As a whole our all-solid state laser complex provides independently tunable and synchronized sub-200 fs light pulses simultaneously at several wavelengths and practically without relative jitter. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357944
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear magnetic resonance field-cycling proton relaxation study of polymer dispersed liquid crystals (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 4823-4832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The frequency and temperature dependence of the longitudinal proton relaxation time T1 has been studied in liquid crystal droplets embedded in a solid polymer matrix in the nematic and isotropic phase over a broad Larmor frequency range (500 Hz≤νL≤84 MHz) employing the fast-field-cycling technique. The comparison of the droplet data, bulk 5CB data, and the pure polymer data show that T1 is dominated by the cross relaxation at the liquid crystal–polymer interface in the entire frequency range. In the low frequency range (νL≤1 MHz), an additional relaxation process determines T1 in both phases, namely reorientations mediated by translational replacements in the nematic phase and the exchange relaxation in the isotropic phase. The analysis of the cross relaxation rate k reveals that the simplified model of Vilfan is only applicable in the nematic phase and leads to an anchoring time τAS of the molecules at the surface which is ≈1.3×10−4 s. This model, however, cannot be applied in the isotropic phase, but must be extended by the spin diffusion time τP, which in this case determines the cross relaxation rate. The anchoring time τAS, which in the isotropic phase corresponds to the correlation time of the additional process, is much shorter than in the nematic phase, namely τAS≈10−6 s. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472319
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of the Catalytic Hydrogenation Activity of Glassy Pd81Si19. Surface Analysis by ISS and XPS (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 11 (1995), S. 2018-2030 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00006a031
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    15-cm hybrid ion diode on PBFA-I (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 3522-3534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Diode experiments on the PBFA-I pulser using a magnetically insulated ion diode are described. The insulating magnetic field is supplied by self-field due to the ion current plus the field generated by a series field coil. In the experiments described here, the diode operated at the 10-TW, 2.5-MV level with over 300 kJ going to the diode on many shots. The operation of the diode, the dielectric anode, and the proton beam focusing are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339275
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Streaked laser shadowgraphy of tungsten wire array implosions on the Saturn generator : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 653-655 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A combination of a 400 ns, 300 mJ, 640 nm dye laser, and an optical streak camera have been used to demonstrate that time-resolved shadowgrams can be made of the implosion phase of tungsten wire arrays. Initial experiments have shown that mirror lifetime and spatial resolution are issues for this diagnostic technique. Nonetheless, these experiments have provided new information on wire array dynamics; specifically, they show that even with a 0.46 mm wire spacing, the high density regions formed by the wires, are separate until 30 ns into the main drive current. Peak currents of 6.6 MA were obtained 40 ns after the start of the current, while peak radiated powers of 85 TW were measured at 50 ns. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147757
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Target diagnostic system for the national ignition facility (invited) : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 868-879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A review of recent progress on the design of a diagnostic system proposed for ignition target experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) will be presented. This diagnostic package contains an extensive suite of optical, x ray, gamma ray, and neutron diagnostics that enable measurements of the performance of both direct and indirect driven NIF targets. The philosophy used in designing all of the diagnostics in the set has emphasized redundant and independent measurement of fundamental physical quantities relevant to the operation of the NIF target. A unique feature of these diagnostics is that they are being designed to be capable of operating in the high radiation, electromagnetic pulse, and debris backgrounds expected on the NIF facility. The diagnostic system proposed can be categorized into three broad areas: laser characterization, hohlraum characterization, and capsule performance diagnostics. The operating principles of a representative instrument from each class of diagnostic employed in this package will be summarized and illustrated with data obtained in recent prototype diagnostic tests. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147917
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanosecond time-resolved vacuum ultraviolet spectrometer for ion diode spectroscopy (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 2493-2495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A 1-m normal incidence spectrometer has been modified for use as a diagnostic of ion diode plasmas. To improve instrumental sensitivity, an elliptical mirror images an anode surface plasma onto the entrance slit of an f/10 normal incidence spectrometer. The detector is a time-resolving copper iodide coated microchannel plate stripline framing camera with 60-μm resolution, limiting instrumental resolution to 1 A(ring) with a 600 l/mm grating in first order. Reflectivity of optics and photoelectron efficiency limit the spectral range from 400 to 2000 A(ring). With a 600-l/mm grating the detector spans a 600-A(ring) range. Applications of the instrument may include ion source divergence measurements from Doppler broadening, electric field measurements from Stark splittings or shifts, electron temperature from mean ionization state, and magnetic field measurements on high-power Z pinches from Zeeman splitting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143909
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discrete shedding modes of the cylinder wake in a jet with a homogeneous core (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 6 (1994), S. 2711-2715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The von Kármán vortex street behind a circular cylinder in a laminar homogeneous jet core is experimentally investigated. The Strouhal–Reynolds number relationships are measured for various shear-layer thicknesses and aspect ratios. The experimental Strouhal number values are found to collapse with the discrete vortex shedding modes, which were observed for boundary-layer end conditions. The results indicate that the shedding modes are independent from the end conditions, but are an intrinsic feature of the shedding process of an infinitely long cylinder. The experimentally assumed shedding mode, however, is strongly dependent of the geometric parameters, like the shear-layer thickness and the aspect ratio. The observed tendencies can be made physically plausible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.868160
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inertial confinement fusion ablator physics experiments on Saturn and Nova : The 38th annual meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics (DPP) of the American Physical Society (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1818-1824 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Saturn pulsed power accelerator [R. B. Spielman et al., in Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Dense Z-pinches, Laguna Beach, CA, 1989, edited by N. R. Pereira, J. Davis, and N. Rostoker (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1989), p. 3] at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and the Nova laser [J. T. Hunt and D. R. Speck, Opt. Eng. 28, 461 (1989)] at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have been used to explore techniques for studying the behavior of ablator material in x-ray radiation environments comparable in magnitude, spectrum, and duration to those that would be experienced in National Ignition Facility (NIF) hohlraums [J. D. Lindl, Phys. Plasmas 2, 3933 (1995)]. The large x-ray outputs available from the Saturn pulsed-power-driven z pinch have enabled us to drive hohlraums of full NIF ignition scale size at radiation temperatures and time scales comparable to those required for the low-power foot pulse of an ignition capsule. The high-intensity drives available in the Nova laser have allowed us to study capsule ablator physics in smaller-scale hohlraums at radiation temperatures and time scales relevant to the peak power pulse for an ignition capsule. Taken together, these experiments have pointed the way to possible techniques for testing radiation-hydrodynamics code predictions of radiation flow, opacity, equation of state, and ablator shock velocity over the range of radiation environments that will be encountered in a NIF hohlraum. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872295
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