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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cryptococcal meningitis ; Acquired immune-deficiency syndrome ; Intracranial pres sure elevation ; Intracranial pressure elevation pathophysiology ; Cerebrospinal fluid drainage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Prior to the AIDS-era, elevation of intracranial pressure was known to be a typical complication of cryptococcal meningitis associated with an increased risk of early death. In AIDS-patients, however, the prevalence and clinical significance of this complication are as yet unclear. We analysed clinical features and courses, CSF findings, serological results and neuroimaging scans in acute cryptococcal meningitis in eight patients with AIDS. Five showed symptoms and signs compatible with raised intracranial pressure, which was life-threatening in one and the most probable cause of death in another. Serial monitoring of intracranial pressure together with repeated CSF analysis revealed that severe intracranial pressure elevation in AIDS related cryptococcal meningitis can occur in spite of effective antimycotic treatment, does not depend on an increased CSF/serum osmolality ratio or CSF overproduction and can be associated with normal cranial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Our data support the hypothesis that CSF reabsorption failure plays the crucial role in the pathophysiological mechanism. External lumbar drainage may be of benefit in selected cases of acute AIDS related cryptococcal meningitis with persisting life threatening elevation in intracranial pressure and normal computed tomogram.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Key words Rupture of the ACL • Operative treatment • Natural history • Proprioception ; Schlüsselwörter Ruptur des VKB • Operative Versorgung • Spontanprognose • Propriorezeption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden die Nachuntersuchungsergebnisse mit einem geforderten Mindestintervall von 3 Jahren von 160 Patienten nach vorderer Kreuzband(VKB-)plastik mit freiem Patellarsehnentransplantat (durchschnittliches Follow-up 51 Monate) und 110 Patienten mit unversorgter arthroskopisch verifizierter Kreuzbandruptur (durchschnittliches Follow-up 53 Monate) vorgestellt. Trotz guter objektiver Parameter fällt die Einschätzung der Kniegelenkfunktion im Noyes-Score bei den Patienten nach Kreuzbandplastik signifikant schlechter aus als bei den Patienten mit unversorgter vorderer Kreuzbandruptur. Die besten funktionellen Ergebnisse fanden sich in unserem Klientel bei den Kaderathleten nach VKB-Plastik. Eine vergleichbare positive Einschätzung der Kniegelenksfunktion wird nur von ca. 15 % der Patienten aus der „Non-OP-Gruppe“ erreicht, die trotz eines unverändert hohen Aktivitätslevels mit „High-risk-pivoting-Sportarten“ keine Instabilitätsphänomene empfinden. Wir führen die überdurchschnittlichen Ergebnisse nach einer Kreuzbandplastik bei Kaderathleten und in der kleinen Gruppe der sportlichen Patienten ohne Kreuzbandplastik auf eine im Vergleich zur Normalbevölkerung verbesserte Kniegelenkpropriorezeption zurück. Es wird postuliert, daß weniger die absolute Kraft der Hamstrings, sondern die Latenzzeit, mit der sie rekrutiert werden, über die dynamischen Kompensationsreserven des Kniegelenks nach Verlust des VKB entscheiden. Wir haben daher unsere krankengymnastischen Rehabilitationsprogramme bei Patienten mit anteromedialer Instabilität und nach plastischem Ersatz des VKB modifiziert und vermehrt koordinative Komponenten zur Verbesserung der Propriorezeption integriert. Aufgrund unserer Daten beschränken wir unsere primäre Operationsindikation zur vorderen Kreuzbandplastik auf einen ausgesuchten Patientenkreis mit „High-risk-pivoting-Sportarten“. Erst bei Auftreten sekundärer Meniskusschäden oder der Angabe von Giving-way-Episoden im Rahmen der engmaschigen Verlaufskontrolle formulieren wir die Indikation zur sekundären Versorgung. Bis apparativ prognostisch verwertbare Verfahren vorliegen, ist u. E. das Giving-way-Phänomen als dynamisches Korrelat der statischen Instabilität der entscheidende Parameter für die Indikationsstellung zur VKB-Plastik. Das Giving-way-Phänomen integriert als einziger klinischer Parameter das individuelle Aktivitätsniveau des Patienten mit seinen neuromuskulären funktionellen Kompensationsreserven.
    Notes: Summary Medium-term results with a follow-up of at least 3 years were done in 160 patients (average follow up 51 months) after ACL reconstruction using IKDC evaluation form and Noyes score and in 110 patients (average follow Up 53 months) after non-operative management. Unlike objective good parameters the subjective assessment of knee function according to the Noyes score reveals significantly worse results in cases with ACL reconstruction compared to the knees without surgery. The best functional results we found in professional athletes after ACL reconstruction. Comparable positive results of knee function is only achieved in approx. 15 % of the patients from the natural history group, who can maintain high risk pivoting activity level feeling no giving way. In our opinion compensatory proprioceptive mechanism account for the surpassing results in these two groups of patients. It will be postulated that it is not the absolute power of the hamstring but the latency period of recruition that influences the compensation of anterior knee instability. We have modified our rehabilitation methods in order to improve proprioception and dynamic stability of the ACL-deficient knee. Based on our results we primarily limitate the ACL reconstruction on a group of patients practicing high-risk-pivoting sports. Only when menisceal lesions appear or patients suffer from giving way episodes we support secondary surgery. The pivot shift sign is reflecting the dynamic aspect of knee instability. In our opinion it is the decisive parameter to assess knee instability unless there are useful technical procederes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Pituitary tumour recurrence ; clinical symptoms ; CT-investigation ; recurrence rate ; prolactin level examination ; combined modality of surgical and radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tumour recurrence rate of 210 patients with operated hypophysomas were investigated. Depending on the surgicaal approach, total or subtotal extirpation of the adenomas, the recurrence rates varied from 10,4 to 35%. 33 patients with pituitary tumour recurrences were followed up over a period of 20 years. Clinical symptoms CT-results at relapse are represented. Serum prolactin level (PRL) was determined before and after surgical and radiotherapy of PRL-producing adenomas. In these cases PRL can be accepted as a tumour marker. 13 patients with relapsed hypophysomas received local irradiation (5.7 MeV linear accelerator) after recurrence operation. An individual comparison in the same patient between surgical therapy alone and combined surgical and radiotherapy was possible. Based on the obtained experience with this combined treatment a therapy scheme using combined surgery and radiotherapy in pituitary tumours is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Arthroskopie 11 (1998), S. 157-158 
    ISSN: 1434-3924
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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