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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: neuroblastoma ; prognosis ; telomerase activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Treatment of neuroblastoma has remained a major challenge in pediatric oncology because the assessment of the individual prognosis, particularly in disseminated disease is still obscure. Previous studies have correlated clinical outcome with activity levels of telomerase, a cellular reverse transcriptase which has been detected in the majority of human malignant tumors. Patients and methods: In this blind-trial study, a non-radioactive telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) with an internal telomerase-assay standard was used on an automated laser fluorescence sequencer for the detection and semiquantitative analysis of telomerase activity (TA) in 67 neuroblastomas of all clinical stages from the German Neuroblastoma Trial and 2 ganglioneuromas. TA levels were correlated with event-free and overall survival rates and established prognostic markers such as MYCN. Results: TA was present in 14 of 69 (20%) samples, including 3 of 22 stage IVS, 8 of 14 stage IV, 1 of 10 stage III, 1 of 7 stage II and 1 of 14 stage I neuroblastomas and 0 of 2 ganglioneuromas. We found a strong statistical correlation between the presence of TA and poor clinical prognosis with regard to all tumor stages. Multivariate analysis revealed TA as an independent prognostic marker. In particular, the analysis of TA in IVS neuroblastomas distinguished two different prognostic groups. Conclusions: Our data suggest that TA is an independent prognostic marker in neuroblastoma which, in combination with other markers such as MYCN, may proof useful in assessing the individual patient's prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Ewing's tumour ; Translocation ; Reverse transcription ; Polymerase chain reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract One consistent feature of the Ewing's tumour family is the presence of a balanced translocation involving band q12 and band q24 of chromosome 22 and chromosome 11. Recent cloning of the chromosome breakpoint regions of t(11;22)(q24;q12) Ewing's sarcoma translocation has revealed that the breakpoints were localized within the Ewing's sarcoma gene (EWS gene) on chromosome 22 and the Fli-1 gene on chromosome 11. Molecular genetic techniques can thus be applied to the detection of the t(11;22) translocation in Ewing's tumours. By reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction technique (RT-PCR) 11 Ewing's tumour derived cell lines, 12 primary Ewing's tumours, and 11 tumours after treatment were analysed for the occurence of the t(11;22) translocation. Furthermore, blood and bone marrow samples from 5 patients were available for RT-PCR. In 78% of the cell lines and 91% of the primary Ewing's tumours the t(11;22) translocation was detectable by RT-PCR. In bone marrow samples from a Ewing's sarcoma patient presenting in relapse tumour cells were detected by molecular genetic analysis. Our results indicate that molecular genetic detection of the t(11;22) translocation is valuable in the differential diagnosis of small round cell tumours and will provide important information for the staging and prognosis of Ewing's tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Ewing-Sarkom – Translokation – PCR – Molekulargenetik ; Key words: Ewing's sarcoma – Translocation – PCR – Molecular genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. Ewing's sarcomas and malignant peripheral neuroectodermal tumors (MPNTs) show very little evidence of differentiation and lack characteristic morphological features at the light-microscopic level. These malignancies have always presented a significant differential diagnostic challenge to the pathologist. Electron microscopy, immunohistochemical staining for neural antigens such as neuron-specific enolase (NSE), Leu 7, synaptophysin and, more recently, the detection of Mic-2 gene expression have been included in the routine histopathological diagnostic procedure. However, the expression of these antigens is not restricted to this entity. Thus, further modalities are required to prove diagnostic reliability. One consistent feature of the Ewing's sarcoma family is the presence of the reciprocal chromosomal t(11;22)(q24;q12) translocation. Recent cloning of the t(11;22) break point has led to the identification of the genes involved in this translocation. This provides the possibility of molecular genetic detection of the t(11;22) translocation in Ewing's sarcomas and MPNTs. We have established a method using reverse transcription and the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the detection of the specific gene fusion transcript caused by the 11;22 translocation. The validity of our approach was proved by analyzing Ewing's tumor cell lines and tissue material obtained from primary biopsies and tumor resections. Molecular genetic detection of the 11;22 translocation by RT-PCR analysis should perhaps be included in the diagnostic work-up of suspected Ewing's sarcoma and MPNT.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Ewing-Sarkome und maligne periphere neuroektodermale Tumoren (MPNT) zeigen eine geringe Differenzierung und weisen nur wenige diagnostisch verwendbare charakteristische morphologische Eigenschaften auf lichtmikroskopischer Ebene auf. Bis heute stellen diese Tumorerkrankungen häufig ein differentialdiagnostisches Problem in der Abgrenzung zu anderen klein-, rundzelligen Tumoren dar. Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen sowie der immunhistologische Nachweis von neuronalen Antigenen und dem kürzlich nachgewiesenen Mic-2-Genprodukt wurden als zusätzliche Untersuchungsmaßnahmen in die histopathologische Begutachtung aufgenommen. Dennoch ist die Expression diese Antigene nicht ausschließlich auf die Tumoren der Ewing-Familie beschränkt. Im Gegensatz dazu ist die reziproke chromosomale t(11;22)(q24;q12)-Translokation ein auf die Ewing-Tumoren beschränktes konstantes Merkmal. Durch die kürzlich erfolgte Charakterisierung der Bruchpunktregionen auf den Chromosomen 11 und 22 konnten die bei der Translokation beteiligten Gene identifiziert werden. Dieses eröffnete die Möglichkeit, den Nachweis der t(11;22)-Translokation auf molekulargenetischer Ebene zu führen. Wir haben mit Hilfe der reversen Transkription und anschließender Polymerasekettenreaktion (RT-PCR) eine Methode entwickelt, mit der durch die Translokation bedingte Genfusionsprodukte nachgewiesen werden können. Die Validität unseres Vorgehens wurde an Ewing-Sarkomen sowie Ewing-Tumorzellinien überprüft. Unsere Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, daß diese Untersuchung eine sinnvolle diagnostische Ergänzung bei der Beurteilung von Ewing-Tumoren darstellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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