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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 36 (1967), S. 79-99 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A method of determining the shear deformations of the cover plates of T- and box-beams is developed, employing a variational principle of minimum potential energy. In assuming a convenient shape of deformation Bernoulli's hypothesis is rendered invalid. The Euler equations yield ordinary differential equations for the solution of stress, stability, and vibration problems. It is shown that the stresses, the buckling loads and the characteristic frequencies may differ significantly from the values obtained with the elemantary theory of elasticity. The accuracy of the solution is investigated and shown to be of a high degree by comparing the results with those obtained with the exact theory of disks.
    Notes: Übersicht Um die Schubverformungen in den Deckplatten von Plattenbalken und Hohlkästen zu berücksichtigen, wird mit Hilfe eines Variationsprinzips vom Minimum der potentiellen Energie ein Näherungsverfahren entwickelt. Bei der Annahme über den Formänderungszustand wird die Bernoullische Annahme vom Ebenbleiben der Querschnitte verlassen. Die Euler-Gleichungen des Variationsproblems ergeben einfache gewöhnliche Differentialgleichungen, die eine Behandlung von Spannungs-, Stabilitäts- und Schwingungsproblemen ermöglichen. Es zeigt sich, daß die Spannungen, Knicklasten und Eigenfrequenzen ganz erheblich von den bekannten Werten der elementaren Stabtheorie abweichen können. Die Genauigkeit der Lösung wurde durch Vergleich mit der exakten Scheibentheorie überprüft, wobei sich eine gute Übereinstimmung ergab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    Unknown
    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie. 24:9 (1976) 1069 
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Of 39 human kidney carcinoma transplanted to nude mice, four tumor lines were maintained on nude mice by serial transplantation. The established tumor cell lines were used to determine the assay evaluability of three different drug-testing systems: the subrenal capsule assay (SRC), the in vitro assay with labeled DNA precursor (L-DNA-P) and the stem cell assay (STC). Tumor cell lines were used because they allowed us to perform the different assays with the same tumor. Criteria for assay evaluability were measurable growth of the transplanted tumor fragment (histologically proved) in the SRC-assay, the amount of thymidine incorporation in relation to the number of cells in vitro and time of incubation in the L-DNA-P-assay, and a mean colony count for the sixfold plated cells of 50 or greater in the STC-assay. The criteria for evaluability were fulfilled when athymic or irradiated immunocompetent mice were used for the SRC-assay. However, in immunocompetent, non-irradiated mice, remarkable incursion of host cells was found. In the L-DNA-P-assay, optimal incorporation was reached after different times of culture, with different cell numbers. Therefore the technique of assaying with labeled DNA precursor lacks optimally defined assay conditions. The tumor cell lines examined in the stem cell assay demonstrated excellent growth; they therefore may be useful for pharmacological studies of drug interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of urology 4 (1986), S. 127-128 
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since 1980, a total of 55 patients with previously untreated prostatic carcinoma have been managed by castration and were followed regularly by means of transrectal ultrasonometry of the prostate. During the period of the study, distant metastases occurred in 20 patients; 10 showed progression after less than 1 year and 10 after more than 1 year. All patients showed a decrease of prostatic volume following castration. In the group of 10 patients who progressed within 1 year after castration, the initial volume reduction of the prostate was significantly smaller than in the rest of the patients. In patients whose prostatic volume decreased to at least 50% of the pretreatment volume after 3 months, none developed distant progression within 1 year. Of those patients whose prostatic volume did not decrease to at least 70% of the pretreatment volume after 3 months, 78% developed distant progression before or after 1 year. There was no significant difference in the volume decrease observed in patients who showed progression later than 1 year after initiation of treatment as compared to those patients who did not show progression at all. This prognostic information was compared to the impact of other commonly used prognostic factors, such as T-category, N- and M-status and grading. None of these factors reproduced the predictive value of the volume changes of the primary tumor. It therefore seems that transrectal ultrasonometry of the primary tumor has a place in monitoring the effects of endocrine management. The prediction of progression in 78% of the patients with prostatic volume 〉70% may be of limited clinical value now, but will be of greater importance as soon as effective treatment for hormone-unresponsive prostatic carcinoma becomes available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Metastatic prostate cancer ; LHRH analogues ; Implant preparation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and endocrine effects of the LHRH analogue buserelin [D-Ser(TBU)6-LHRH], released from biodegradable implants, were studied in 14 patients with stage C and D prostate cancer. Six patients received a subcutaneous implant of 3.3 mg buserelin monthly, and 8 patients received a subcutaneous implant of 6.6 mg buserelin every two months. Serum levels of buserelin decreased rapidly immediately after implantation. After 1–2 weeks a more gradual decline occurred, while in the two-monthly treated group a third phase of the elimination curve started after 5 weeks. Mean serum buserelin levels just before the next implantation in the two groups were not different. Urinary excretion of buserelin followed the same pattern. Serum LH levels in both groups became non-detectable 2 weeks after the first implant. This decrease of LH levels was accompanied by a suppression of serum testosterone to concentrations below 1 nmol/l (castration level). Side effects were not different from those observed with the intranasal application of buserelin. It is concluded that the subcutaneous application of buserelin is an easily administered form of treatment which has more profound and more reliable endocrine effects when compared with the intranasal administration of the drug. The greatest advantage of the new preparation is that the intervals between applications may be prolonged to at least 2 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Prostate cancer ; LNCaP cell line ; Tumor necrosis factor ; Hormone sensitivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two sublines, the hormone-sensitive LNCaP-FGC and the insensitive LNCaP-r (resistant) carcinoma cell lines, originating from the parental human prostatic carcinoma cell line LNCaP were tested for sensitivity to human tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) using the MTT assay. Irrespective of the culture conditions, i.e., whether FGC cell growth was hormone stimulated or hormone deprived, a clear dose-related response was observed between the concentration of TNF (range: 5–5000 U/ml) in the culture medium and the percentage of growth inhibition. In medium containing androgen-depleted serum, in which FGC cells showed reduced proliferative activity, the percentage of inhibition by a concentration of 100 U/ml TNF was substantially higher than that found in hormone-stimulated cells (90% and 60%, respectively). In contrast to the FGC cells, the hormone-insensitive LNCaP-r cells were almost completely resistant to the action of TNF. Growth of the FGC cells was almost completcly inhibited, whereas growth of the LNCaP-r cells was retarded with only 20% at dosages up to 5000 U/ml. This substantial difference in TNF responsiveness could not be ascribed to differences in TNF-binding capacity, as both the FGC and LNCaP-r cells were found to contain identical numbers of TNF-receptors (approximately 1000 sites/cell). A possible association between hormone responsiveness and TNF sensitivity is suggested for these LNCaP sublines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Urological research 11 (1983), S. 191-193 
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Experimental ; Catheterisation ; Dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new method of enabling urodynamic measurements to be made in the conscious dog is reported. A connecting device is located under the skin on the dog's back, and a catheter passes between this device and the bladder. The system described has proved valuable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: LHRH-agonist ; Mouse ; Prostate ; Seminal vesicles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of administration of a luteinizing hormone-releasing horomone (LHRH) analogue (ICI-118,630) on plasma concentrations of hormones and weights of reproductive organs were studied in male mice. A single injection of the analogue (54 μg/kg body weight) caused a transient elevation of the concentration of LH in the plasma, up to 7 times the level in control mice. Daily administration of the analogue for a period of 3 weeks caused a small but significant decrease of the weight of the ventral prostate. The weight of the seminal vesicles in mice treated with the analogue, however, did not differ from that in control animals. The concentration of testosterone and LH in the plasma of these mice was not significantly different from those in control mice. It is demonstrated that the LHRH-analogue has no “castration-like” effect on the accessory sex organs of the male mouse, which is therefore not a suitable model in the study of these compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Prostate ; Inhibiting factor ; Chalone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of prostate fibroblast conditioned medium on two prostate epithelial cell lines (PC-3, LNCaP) and on two non-prostatic cell lines (MCF-7, K562) was investigated. As prostate fibroblast conditioned medium exerts its main effect on DNA synthesis, 3H thymidine incorporation was monitored to measure factor activity. Conditioned media of all prostatic fibroblast lines investigated were inhibitory for PC-3, LNCaP and MCF-7. Conditioned medium of prostatic fibroblasts was clearly stimulatory for K562. Prostate specificity of production of PEIF was demonstrated by the fact that conditioned medium from skin fibroblasts proved to be stimulatory for PC-3. Inhibitory activity from conditioned medium as well as from a BPH homogenate was precipitated by 33–67% ammonium sulfate. These partly purified fractions were respectively five and ten times as active as “crude” conditioned medium. The physical nature of PEIF (protein or macroglycolipid) as well as the possible function (as a signal messenger between stroma and epithelium) is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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