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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Lokalisation des Harnwegsinfektes und seine Beziehung zum Rezidiv und zur Reinfektion (1978)
    Springer
    Infection 6 (1978), S. S255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Experience in Treatment with Cefamandole. The efficacy and tolerance of cefamandole were studied in 44 urological patients with a definite diagnosis of renal and urinary tract infection. The frequency of relapse and reinfection was analysed with respect to the primary site of infection. Symptoms were relieved in all patients. The original pathogen could no longer be detected bacteriologically in 41 of the 44 patients. All cases of early relapse involved infections of the upper urinary tract; likewise in 6 out of 8 patients with reinfection the infection was situated primarily in the upper urinary tract. These findings emphasize the need for infection prophylaxis in the upper urinary tract. In no case was it necessary to cease treatment on account of side effects. In two cases temporary cardiac symptoms without electrocardiographic or chemical changes were observed, and in one case a temporary rise of the creatinine level.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wirkung und Toleranz von Cefamandol wurden bei 44 urologischen Patienten mit gesicherter Infektion der Niere und ableitenden Harnwege untersucht. Häufigkeit des Rezidives und der Reinfektion wurde hinsichtlich der primären Lokalisation des Infektes analysiert. In allen Fällen konnte die klinische Symptomatik beseitigt werden. Bakteriologisch war der Primärkeim in 41/44 nicht mehr nachweisbar. Beim Frührezidiv handelt es sich ausschließlich um Infektionen des oberen Harntraktes, bei der Reinfektion in 6/8 ebenfalls um primär im oberen Harntrakt lokalisierte Infektionen. Diese Befunde unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit einer Infektprophylaxe nach Therapie des im oberen Harntrakt lokalisierten Harnwegsinfektes. Nebenerscheinungen zwangen in keinem Fall zum Abbruch der Therapie, beobachtet wurden in zwei Fällen passagere kardiale Beschwerden ohne elektro-kardiographische oder laborchemische Veränderungen und in einem Fall ein passagerer Kreatininanstieg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01638986
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quality-of-life assessment in bladder cancer (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 17 (1999), S. 219-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003450050136
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assay evaluability of drug testing systems determined with human renal carcinoma cell lines (1984)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 2 (1984), S. 146-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Of 39 human kidney carcinoma transplanted to nude mice, four tumor lines were maintained on nude mice by serial transplantation. The established tumor cell lines were used to determine the assay evaluability of three different drug-testing systems: the subrenal capsule assay (SRC), the in vitro assay with labeled DNA precursor (L-DNA-P) and the stem cell assay (STC). Tumor cell lines were used because they allowed us to perform the different assays with the same tumor. Criteria for assay evaluability were measurable growth of the transplanted tumor fragment (histologically proved) in the SRC-assay, the amount of thymidine incorporation in relation to the number of cells in vitro and time of incubation in the L-DNA-P-assay, and a mean colony count for the sixfold plated cells of 50 or greater in the STC-assay. The criteria for evaluability were fulfilled when athymic or irradiated immunocompetent mice were used for the SRC-assay. However, in immunocompetent, non-irradiated mice, remarkable incursion of host cells was found. In the L-DNA-P-assay, optimal incorporation was reached after different times of culture, with different cell numbers. Therefore the technique of assaying with labeled DNA precursor lacks optimally defined assay conditions. The tumor cell lines examined in the stem cell assay demonstrated excellent growth; they therefore may be useful for pharmacological studies of drug interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328096
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between bacteria and the lumenal bladder surface: modulation by pentosan polysulfate, an experimental and theoretical approach with clinical implication (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 12 (1994), S. 27-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An attempt was made to interpret bacterial adsorption to the lumenal surface of the urinary bladder wall under normal and pathological conditions according to the DLVO theory of lyophobic colloid stability, which describes the interaction between a bacterium and the bladder-wall surfaces as a balance of attraction and repulsion forces. Computer modeling suggested that a decrease in the surface potential of the bladder wall may well explain an increased bacterial adsorption, possibly associated with bacterial cystitis. With the intent of preventing bacterial adsorption, treatment of bacterial cystitis by intravesical instillation of pentosan polysulfate (PPS) was evaluated. PPS is a polysaccharide with high affinity (4±2 mg/bladder) to the bladder. The attachment of PPS strongly depends on the intrinsic properties of the bacterial surface. Theoretical considerations indicate that either complete coverage of the bacterium with PPS or an absence of PPS affinity is a prerequisite for obtaining steric interaction or prevention of bacterial sorption. Experimentally, an absence of PPS affinity (0–0.7 μg/mg bacteria) was found for bacteria commonly found during cystitis. Immunological treatment of superficial bladder cancer by bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) depends on the interaction of BCG with the bladder wall. Improvement of the treatment may be obtained by increasing BCG adsorption. In this respect, the phenomenon of bridging in which PPS binds simultaneously to both BCG and the bladder-wall surface was investigated. Theoretical considerations and experimental results appeared to be in good agreement. It was found that BCG binds a considerable amount of PPS (3.4±0.3 μg/mg BCG). In a guinea pig model the theoretical considerations, indicating the occurrence of bridging at a low and narrow range of PPS concentrations, seemed to be confirmed. In contrast to a high PPS concentration of 10 mg/ml, at a low (0.1 mg/ml) PPS concentration a significant stimulation of the BCG-associated immune reaction(s) was observed. The results suggest that to obtain PPS-induced bridging between BCG and the bladder wall and to prevent steric interaction, PPS should be instilled prior to BCG, separated by extensive washout of free PPS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182048
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The detection of prostatic carcinoma (1993)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 11 (1993), S. 66-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In this prospective study a comparison of 4-versus 7-MHz transrectal ultrasonography for the detection of prostatic carcinoma is reported. A total of 150 prostates were biopsied due to suspicion of malignancy arising at either digital rectal examination, 4- and/or 7-MHz transrectal ultrasonography, or elevated serum prostate-specific antigen levels. Malignancies of the prostate were detected in 68 of the 147 eligible biopsy core specimens. The results show only marginal differences in the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for the two transducers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182174
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans in the urinary tract (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 12 (1994), S. 2-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182043
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans in tumor growth and migration: first experience with tumors of bladder and prostate origin (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 12 (1994), S. 55-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Proteoglycans (PGs), macromolecules that contain bound glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), are an abundant and ubiquitously distributed group of proteins with a large variety of heterogeneous structures. In recent years a whole range of functions, varying from structural/mechanical support to involvement in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell mobility, cell-cell interactions, and angiogenesis and modulation of the extracellular matrix, have been attributed to these compounds. In this communication an overview is presented dealing with the available knowledge of the (regulatory) properties of PGs and GAGs as participants in tumor growth and metastasis. Acquaintance with the biochemical, biophysical, and biological characteristics of PGs and GAGs may provide a rational basis of the therapeutic use of GAGs in the prevention of tumor growth and invasion. The scarcely available information related to the role of PGs and GAGs in uro-oncology and the potential application of GAGs in the treatment of urological tumors are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182053
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embolization and subsequent nephrectomy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (1984)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 2 (1984), S. 122-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-five patients with primary metastatic adenocarcinoma renis were treated by embolization and delayed nephrectomy. The objective of the study was to examine whether the natural history of the disease is influenced by this combined treatment. Most patients (19/25) had measurable metastatic lesions. No patient received additional therapy unless progression occurred. Embolization was mainly performed with Gelfoam and Gianturco coils. Complete remission of metastases was observed in 1 patient (still in remission after 36 months); stable disease in 6 patients (lasting between 14 and 31 months). Eighteen patients died after a median survival of 5.7 months (range 14 days to 11 months). No major complication related to the embolization procedure occurred. Angio-infarction followed by nephrectomy cannot be recommended for widespread use in patients with primary metastatic kidney carcinoma. The procedure may be tested in controlled clinical trials together with other treatment protocols, such as immunotherapy, infarction with radioactive particles, or chemoembolization. These approaches are experimental and therefore limited to institutions with sufficient experience.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328091
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current status of intravesical chemotherapy trials in the EORTC Urological Group. An Overview (1987)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 20 (1987), S. S67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The EORTC Urological Group is one of the 31 clinical groups and working parties within the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Intravesical chemotherapy has been used as chemoresection or chemoprophylaxis. Chemoresection has mainly been utilized in phase II studies to demonstrate ablation of existing disease and to study the mechanism of drug action. These studies are usually performed by individual members to obtain relevants information for the preparation of randomized trials. One example is a phase II chemoresection study with 4′-epi-doxorubicin (ERP). The EORTC GU Group extended its phase II trials to study remission in patients with primary carcinoma in situ. A new concept introduced in the prospective, randomized phase III trials includes the evaluation of chemoresection of a marker lesion as a prognostic factor in long-term prophylactic treatment. Chemoprophylaxis in the phase III trials aims to study the disease-free period, the recurrence rate and the long-term survival. So far, a series of five phase III trials, totaling more than 2,000 patients, demonstrated the efficacy of chemoprophylaxis to reduce tumor recurrence rates. The variation in the results of the different trials are due more to the prognostic factors (characteristics of the tumors) than to the related efficacy of the chemoprophylactic drugs. The selection of currently employed drugs, Mitomycin C, Epirubicin and BCG, is based on reported results, lack of toxicity, and drug availability in Europe. The data collected will be of great importance to determine the optimal clinical management of superficial bladder cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262490
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-dose intravesical Epodyl after TUR of Ta TCC bladder carcinoma (1983)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 1 (1983), S. 89-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Between 1973 and 1979, 130 patients with pTa noninvasive bladder carcinoma were treated either by TUR plus intravesical chemotherapy with a single dose of Epodyl on the following day (60 patients), or by TUR only (70 patients). There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups as to time until first recurrence. However, the recurrence rate with Epodyl was significantly lower than that with no adjuvant treatment (P〈0.01). The incidence of increase in T-category was lower among patients who received Epodyl (P〈0.01). Thus single dose intravesical chemotherapy following TUR appeared to be beneficial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326750
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