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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 147 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Patients with melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) experience different visual symptoms caused by the production of antitumoral antibodies that cross-react with retinal epitopes. Immunofluorescence assays of serum from patients with MAR on sectioned monkey or human retina characteristically reveal antibody activity located within the inner nuclear layer, with a focus of activity upon the membranes of bipolar cells.Objectives  We inquired into the association with disease of this serological abnormality by evaluating sera from patients with melanoma with no MAR-like signs or symptoms.Methods  Groups of patients were selected with different stages of melanoma (American Joint Committee on Cancer stages I–IV). Seventy-seven serum samples from 51 patients with melanoma were examined by indirect immunohistochemical assay on sections of human retina.Results  Of the 77 serum samples, 53 were found to contain antibodies reactive with various components of retina. Eight were from 17 sera from patients in stage I or II, 14 were from 23 sera from patients in stage III, and 31 were from 37 sera from patients in stage IV. Statistical analysis revealed a correlation between antibody activity and the stage of disease, with a higher percentage of antibody activity in advanced stages (P = 0·002).Conclusions  The presence of antiretinal antibodies in patients with melanoma without ocular symptoms appears to be more common than previously suspected. Antibody activity similar to that ascribed to the MAR syndrome appears in some patients with melanoma who have no MAR-like retinopathy. Follow-up studies will determine if patients with antiretinal antibodies go on to develop MAR and if staining intensity and staining patterns change over the course of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3, 1,25(OH)2D3) and analogs have been shown to inhibit proliferation and to induce differentiation in various cell types, including human melanocytes. There are two principal enzymes involved in the formation of circulating 1,25(OH)2D3 from vitamin D, the hepatic microsomal or mitochondrial vitamin D 25-hydroxylase (25-OHase) and the renal mitochondrial enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1α-hydroxylase (1α-OHase) for vitamin D and 25(OH)D3, respectively. Recently, extra-renal activity of 1α-OHase has been reported in various cell types including macrophages, keratinocytes, prostate and colon cancer cells. Increasing evidence indicates that extra-renal 1α-OHase may act in many tissues via the local production of 1,25(OH)2D3 as a major regulator of cell growth in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. In human malignant glioma we have demostrated a correlation between amplification of the gene and its overexpression. Using Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with primers amplifying a part of the 1α–OHase sequence, we have shown now for the first time several splice variants, including transcripts encoding truncated proteins in melanoma cell lines. To arrive at a more complete description of 1α–OHase expression we developed and employed a highly specific approach that combinded nested and touchdown PCR to clone full length 1α-OHase. In addition, we identified several new splice variants in human melanoma. The new splice variants that were termed Hyd-V5, -V6, -V7 and -V8 were cloned and sequenced. All but one of the new variants showed an insertion of intron 1 leading to a premature termination signal and to truncated proteins without ferredoxin and haem-binding site of the P450 protein. In conclusion our findings indicate that (1) local synthesis of 1,25(OH)2VitD3 mediated via 1α-OHase may be of high importance for growth characteristics of melanoma cells and (2) 25(OH)VitD3 or other percusors of biologically active vitamin D metabolites may be effective in the palliative treatment of metastasizing melanoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 6 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Biopsies from typical lesions of pitted keratolysis from five patients have been investigated by electron microscopy to provide information on colonization and morphology of the microorganisms involved in this disease. A part of the biopsies was inoculated in culture media, and Corynebacteria were selected for further examination. Electron microscopy revealed a great variability in the morphologic feature of bacteria concerning size, shape, capsule, cell wall, cross wall formation, plasma membrane, nucleoplasm, cytoplasmic organelles and constituents including mesosomes, ribosomes, volutin granules, and glycogen particles. The pleomorphism is thought to be due in part to the diversity of preparation techniques used in this study and in part to different growth conditions in vivo and in vitro. As a consequence the present findings are only partly comparable with previously published data on bacteria involved in skin diseases. Evidence is presented that bacteria inducing pitted keratolysis may be able to destroy keratin by means of hydrolytic enzymatic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 140 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background Melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) is a paraneoplastic syndrome with symptoms of night blindness, light sensations, visual loss, defect in visual fields, and reduced b-waves in the electroretinogram. Patients with MAR often suffer from a sudden onset of ocular symptoms that are believed to result from antibody production against melanoma-associated antigens that cross-react with corresponding epitopes on retinal depolarizing bipolar cells. Objectives To correlate the frequency of subclinical symptoms suggestive of MAR in melanoma patients to different stages of disease, patient age, type and thickness of the primary tumour, form of therapy, S-100 level and tumour burden. Methods We analysed 28 patients with melanoma in stages I–IV (according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer tumour classification) for the presence of subclinical MAR symptoms using scotopic electroretinography, static and kinetic perimetry and nyctometry. Results Seven patients had clinical signs and symptoms consistent with MAR, 18 had some indications, while the remaining three had none. We found no correlation between clinical symptoms and stage of disease, tumour burden or S-100 level, but findings suggestive of MAR were observed more frequently in advanced stages of disease. Conclusions Subclinical retinal involvement characteristic of MAR appears to be more common than previously suspected in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma. Our findings in this small cohort seem to indicate that the percentage of patients with symptoms suggestive of MAR is higher in advanced stages of disease. Further clinical studies are required to evaluate if the presence of subclinical symptoms suggestive of MAR is correlated with a worse prognosis and a shortened progression-free and overall survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 143 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: CD44 variant isoforms ; Skin ; Basal cell carcinoma ; Spindle cell carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Splice variants of the adhesion molecule CD44 (CD44v) are important in the lymphatic spread of rat carcinoma cells. In several human tumours expression of CD44v correlates with tumour progression. However, little is known about the physiological functions of distinct variant exons. Here we report on the immunohistological evaluation of CD44 expression in normal human skin and epidermal tumours which do not metastasise, or do so vary rarely. Frozen tissues were stained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies, recognizing epitopes of the CD44 standard isoform, as well as of variant exons v5, v6, v7, v7–v8 and v10. Stratum basale and spinosum as well as the root shaft of hairs reacted strongly with the whole panel of anti-CD44 antibodies. Stratum corneum, acinar cells of sebaceous and eccrine sweat glands stained with anti-CD44v5, anti-CD44v6 and anti-CD44v7, but not with anti-CD44v10, the latter recognizing the “epithelial isoform” (CD44v8–v10) of CD44. Ductal cells of glands and apocrine glands did not express CD44v. Compared with its expression in normal human skin, CD44v expression was reduced in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. This was particularly true of CD44v10. The expression of CD44v in normal skin and dermal appendages indicates that not all combinations of variant exons are involved in tumour progression. Since the epithelial isoform is particularly downregulated in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, it is unlikely that exons v8–v10 play a role in tumour progression. Rather, they may be of functional importance in maintenance of the epidermal structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 363 (1974), S. 163-174 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Pathology of Lentigo Maligna ; Stade éphélide ; Stade lentigo ; Ultrastructure of Lentigo Maligna
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anhand von 35 Exzisaten aus Kopf-, Rumpf- und Extremitätenbereich wurden die histopathologischen Veränderungen der melanotischen Präcancerose untersucht. Auf Grund dieser Analyse wird die morphodynamische Entwicklung der melanotischen Präcancerose zum malignen Melanom aufgezeigt. Auf der Basis verschiedener Haupt- und Nebenkriterien wird in Anlehnung an Duperrat ein Entwicklungsschema erstellt. Dies beinhaltet ein Primärstadium „stade éphélide”, welches in drei Fällen auch elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht wurde. Hierbei konnte festgestellt werden, daß die histologisch als banal imponierenden Veränderungen ultrastrukturell eine deutliche Atypie auf weisen. Das Sekundärstadium „stade lentigo” läßt sich in drei Entwicklungsstufen untergliedern. Besondere Schwierigkeiten bereitet histologisch der Übergang von einer melanotischen Präcancerose in ein malignes Melanom. Es wird daher vorgeschlagen, daß man solche Fälle weder als Präcancerose — diese Diagnose sollte nur dann gestellt werden, wenn der Prozeß mit Sicherheit präinvasiv intraepidermal verläuft — noch als melanotische Präcancerose mit Übergang in ein malignes Melanom bezeichnen sollte, sondern als Grenzfälle (Borderline cases).
    Notes: Summary The histopathological changes in lentigo maligna Hutchinson (precancerous melanosis of Dubreuilh) of the skin were examined in 35 biopsies on head, trunk, and extremities. The morphological dynamics of lentigo maligna is compared to malignant melanoma. A developmental system as suggested by Duperrat is put forward in accord with different major and minor criteria. This is composed of a primary stage called “stade éphélide”, which in three cases was also studied by electron microscopy. The banal histological changes showed a distinct atypical aspect on the ultrastructural level. The secondary stage called “stade lentigo” can be divided into three developmental stages. The transition of lentigo maligna to lentigo maligna melanoma is difficult to determine histologically. Therefore it is suggested that those cases be defined neither as lentigo maligna (premalignant melanosis) (this diagnosis should only be applied if the alterations are surely praeinvasive and restricted to the epidermis) nor as lentigo maligna with transition to lentigo maligna melanoma, but as borderline cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 244 (1972), S. 264-269 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Melanosis circumscripta praeblastomatosa ; Ultrastructure of melanocytes ; Pigmentation ; Lipid degeneration of melanocytes ; Proliferation of the basal lamina
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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