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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG2 antibody for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in western and Chinese populations (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : The performance of commercial Helicobacter pylori diagnostic kits developed for particular geographic regions has often been found to be of poor diagnostic value when applied to other regions, possibly because of infections being caused by different H. pylori strains in different regions.Aim : To evaluate the performance of an IgG2 anti-H. pylori enzyme-linked immunoassay test (Helirad Alert) for detection of H. pylori infection in both Australian and Hong Kong (Chinese) subjects.Methods : Serum samples were tested for H. pylori specific IgG2 and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay kits using identical antigen preparation in 168 Australian and 160 Hong Kong (Chinese) subjects diagnosed with dyspepsia.Results : Using a cut-off value determined by analysis of H. pylori-negative Australian samples, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the IgG2 assay were 77.8, 97.4 and 91.1%, respectively, for the Australian samples and 96.3, 83.8 and 90% for Hong Kong samples. For the IgG assay, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 87.0, 99.1 and 95.2% for Australian samples and 97.5, 75 and 86.3% for Hong Kong samples respectively. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed better discrimination of H. pylori status when the IgG2 assay was applied to Hong Kong samples, while the IgG assay was better in the Australian samples.Conclusion : These data demonstrate that the Helirad Alert enzyme-linked immunoassay could provide a reliable method for screening H. pylori infection in both western and Chinese populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02293.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of a rapid urine test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in the Chinese population (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A new rapid urine test was developed to detect anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody in urine using the principle of immunochromatography. The accuracy of this test in the Chinese population remains to be defined.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To evaluate a new rapid urine test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in the Chinese population.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Eligible patients without previous treatment of H. pylori were recruited. In-house rapid urease test and histology were used as the gold standard. The rapid urine test (RAPIRUN H. pylori antibody) was performed and the results were compared with the gold standard.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:One hundred and twenty-three patients were eligible for analysis and 61 (50%) were H. pylori positive by the gold standard. The rapid urine test showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 96.7%, 95.2%, 95.2%, 96.7% and 95.9%, respectively. Results were obtained within 20 min and no special laboratory support was required.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The rapid urine test by immunochromatography is highly accurate for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in untreated Chinese patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01235.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term prospective follow-up of endoscopic oesophagitis in southern Chinese — prevalence and spectrum of the disease (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims : To study the prevalence, clinical characteristics and long-term outcome of oesophagitis in Chinese patients.Methods : Clinical and endoscopic data were collected prospectively from consecutive patients who underwent upper endoscopy between 1997 and 2001. Patients with endoscopic oesophagitis were graded according to the Los Angeles system and analysed according to their clinical presentation, endoscopic details, Helicobacter pylori status, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug history, co-morbidity and mortality.Results : A total of 22 628 upper endoscopies were performed in 16 606 patients. Of these, 631 (3.8%) had endoscopic oesophagitis, 14 had benign oesophageal stricture (0.08%) and 10 had Barrett's oesophagus (0.06%). Most patients (94%) had either Los Angeles grade A or grade B oesophagitis. Patients who died during follow-up had a significantly higher incidence of co-morbid illness (100% vs. 63%, P 〈 0.001). By Cox regression analysis, the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding (P = 0.008), advanced age (P = 0.004) and the use of Ryle's tube (P = 0.043) were identified to be independent factors associated with mortality.Conclusions : Complicated gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is uncommon in the Asian population. Advanced age, use of Ryle's tube and the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding are associated with a poor long-term outcome, which is a reflection of the severe underlying co-morbidity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01373.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One-week ranitidine bismuth citrate, amoxicillin and metronidazole triple therapy for the treatment of 〈fr〉Helicobacter pylori〈/fr〉 infection in Chinese (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : We have previously shown that ranitidine bismuth citrate-based, clarithromycin-containing triple therapy achieves a higher eradication rate than proton pump inhibitor-based regimens in areas with a high prevalence of metronidazole resistance.Aim : To evaluate whether this higher efficacy of ranitidine bismuth citrate over proton pump inhibitor can be extended to non-clarithromycin-containing regimens.Methods : Helicobacter pylori-positive dyspeptic patients were randomized to receive either ranitidine bismuth citrate, 400 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and metronidazole, 400 mg, or omeprazole, 20 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and metronidazole, 400 mg, each given twice daily for 1 week. H. pylori eradication was confirmed by 13C-urea breath test 5 weeks later. The side-effects of the treatments were documented.Results : Two hundred and twenty-nine patients were eligible for analysis. By intention-to-treat and per protocol analysis, the eradication rates were 77% and 79%, respectively, in the ranitidine bismuth citrate–amoxicillin–metronidazole group and 77% and 82%, respectively, in the omeprazole–amoxicillin–metronidazole group (P = 0.58 and P = 0.65). However, patients in the omeprazole–amoxicillin–metronidazole group reported a significantly higher incidence of minor side-effects when compared to those in the ranitidine bismuth citrate–amoxicillin–metronidazole group (P = 0.001).Conclusions : Ranitidine bismuth citrate–amoxicillin–metronidazole was equally as effective as omeprazole–amoxicillin–metronidazole triple therapy, and may be considered as an alternative non-clarithromycin-based regimen in the Chinese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01384.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Standard treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection is suboptimal in non-ulcer dyspepsia compared with duodenal ulcer in Chinese (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Recent studies suggest that the Helicobacter pylori eradication rate in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia is lower when compared to patients with peptic ulcer diseases.Aim : The aim of this study was to study the efficacy of triple therapy for H. pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer vs. patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.Methods : A total of 582 Chinese patients with proven H. pylori infection were recruited to receive: omeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg and clarithromycin 500 mg all given twice daily for 7 days (OCA regime). Endoscopy with rapid urease test, histology and culture were performed before treatment. Post-treatment H. pylori status was determined by 13C-urea breath test. Metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin resistance was defined as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 〉8 μg/mL, 〉1 μg/mL and 〉1 μg/mL, respectively.Results : A significantly higher (intention-to-treat/per-protocol) eradication rate was found in patients with duodenal ulcer than those with non-ulcer dyspepsia (91/94% vs. 84/88% respectively, P = 0.011 and P = 0.016). Clarithromycin resistance rate was higher in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia than those with duodenal ulcer (14% vs. 6%, P = 0.015). Clarithromycin resistance (40% vs. 5%, P 〈 0.001, OR 12, 95% CI: 5.7–24.3) and the diagnosis of non-ulcer dyspepsia (91% vs. 84%, P = 0.011, OR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2–3.3) significantly affected the success of H. pylori eradication.Conclusion : Clarithromycin resistance accounts for the significantly lower and suboptimal H. pylori eradication rate of OCA regimen in Chinese patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia compared to those with duodenal ulcer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02283.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors on 〈fr〉Helicobacter pylori〈/fr〉 susceptibility to metronidazole and clarithromycin (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : We previously reported that aspirin inhibited Helicobacter pylori growth and suppressed the mutagenic effect of metronidazole.Aim : To determine the effects of a cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitor, SC-236, and a non-selective COX inhibitor, indometacin, on the growth, urease activity and antimicrobial susceptibility of H. pylori.Methods : Three H. pylori reference strains, and 18 clinical isolates were treated with SC-236 or indometacin for 24 and 48 h. Growth, urease activity and susceptibility to clarithromycin and metronidazole of the bacteria were assessed by viable colony counting, spectrophotometry and E-test respectively.Results : SC-236 and indometacin inhibited H. pylori growth in a dose-dependent manner with the lowest inhibitory concentrations of 0.03 and 0.1 mm, and the lethal concentrations of 0.09 and 0.3 mm, respectively. The numbers of CFU/mL in Brucella broth containing 0.09 mm SC-236 were 2 log lower at 24 h, and even 3 log lower at 48 h than that at 0 h (P = 0.035, compared with the vehicle control). Treatment of 0.3 mm indometacin reduced the number of CFU/mL by 1 log at 24 h compared with that at 0 h (P = 0.037 compared with the vehicle control). Helicobacter pylori urease activity began to decrease with 0.06 mm SC-236 at 24 h (P = 0.016), and 0.3 mm indometacin at 48 h (P = 0.025). MICs of metronidazole and clarithromycin against H. pylori were decreased significantly in the presence of 0.03 mm SC-236 or 0.1 mm indometacin (all P 〈 0.001).Conclusion : Both SC-236 and indometacin suppressed the growth and urease activity of H. pylori in a dose-dependent manner, and increased its susceptibility to the antibiotics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02168.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foetal intrauterine growth restrictions with Helicobacter pylori infection (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Helicobacter pylori infection has been associated with growth restriction in young children.Aim : To determine whether there is an association between H. pylori infection and intrauterine growth restriction.Methods : Four hundred and forty-eight consecutive pregnant women (aged 15–44 years), attending for routine examinations in the third trimester, were enrolled. Clinical, demographic and previous obstetric data, as well as smoking history, were collected. At delivery, the weight, height, gender and status of the neonate were recorded; intrauterine growth restriction was defined if the birth weight was below the 10th percentile according to the gestational age for infants born in Australia.Results : Eighty-nine (20%) women were seropositive for H. pylori. The prevalence of H. pylori was significantly lower in Caucasians (17%) vs. non-Caucasians (42%, P 〈 0.0001). There were 34 (7.5%) cases of intrauterine growth restriction (7% Caucasians, 16% Asians, 12% Aborigines and 0% Pacific Islanders). Intrauterine growth restriction was more common in H. pylori-seropositive women than in H. pylori-seronegative women [13.5% vs. 6%; odds ratio (OR)=2.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14–5.08; P=0.018]. A multiple logistic regression model revealed that smoking (OR=3.55; 95% CI, 1.62–7.79; P=0.002), maternal height (OR=0.48; 95% CI, 0.28–0.80; P=0.005) and H. pylori seropositivity (OR=2.59; 95% CI, 1.12–5.95; P=0.025) were all independent risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction.Conclusions : H. pylori infection in pregnant women may affect foetal intrauterine growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01333.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Twenty-minute 50 mg 13C-urea breath test without test meal for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have previously shown that the 75 mg 13C-urea breath test without citrate test meal is highly accurate for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese subjects. A lower dose 50 mg 13C-urea breath test protocol with a sampling time at 20 min has not been validated previously.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To investigate the accuracy of a 20-min 50 mg 13C-urea breath test protocol in Chinese subjects.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Consecutive dyspeptic patients referred for upper endoscopy were recruited. 13C-urea breath test was performed using (a) 75 mg and 50 mg of 13C-urea on two separate days without a test meal, and (b) 50 mg of 13C-urea with 2.4 g citrate as test meal, and compared with the gold standard [rapid urease test (CLO test) and histology]. Baseline, 20-min and 30-min breath samples were collected in all cases.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Two hundred and six patients were tested. The accuracy of the 50 mg 13C-urea breath test (no citrate) at 20 min and 30 min was 98%, comparable to that of the 50 mg 13C-urea breath test with citrate (99.1%) and the 75 mg 13C-urea breath test without citrate (100%).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:A 20-min 50 mg 13C-urea breath test without citrate produced highly accurate results for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and is more economical and convenient for the Chinese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01078.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-blind, randomized controlled study to assess the effects of lansoprazole 30 mg and lansoprazole 15 mg on 24-h oesophageal and intragastric pH in Chinese subjects with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Previous studies have suggested that the acid secretory capacity of the Chinese population is lower than that of the Western population.Aim : To compare the effect of lansoprazole 30 mg and 15 mg once daily on the 24-h oesophageal and intragastric pH profiles in Chinese patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.Methods : Forty-four patients (male to female ratio, 27 : 17; mean age, 53 years; 55% with oesophagitis) with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease were randomized to receive lansoprazole 30 mg or 15 mg once daily for 4 weeks. Measurement of the 24-h oesophageal and intragastric pH, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptoms and quality of life was performed at baseline and during the last week of each dosing period.Results : Lansoprazole 30 mg maintained an intragastric pH 〉 4 for 10.5 h vs. 9.6 h for lansoprazole 15 mg (P = 0.44). The percentage total time at oesophageal pH 〈 4 was similar for lansoprazole 30 mg and 15 mg (2.0% vs. 2.3%, P = 0.30). The proportion of patients with complete cure of heartburn and acid regurgitation and the quality of life assessment were similar for lansoprazole 30 mg and 15 mg. Both dosages of lansoprazole were well tolerated and the compliance was 100% in both groups.Conclusion : Lansoprazole dosages of 30 mg and 15 mg once daily provide a satisfactory decrease for oesophageal acid exposure and are equally effective for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in the Chinese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2004.01846.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence, clinical spectrum and health care utilization of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in a Chinese population: a population-based study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Population-based data on gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in Chinese are lacking. The prevalence, clinical spectrum and health care-seeking behaviour of subjects with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease were studied.Methods : Ethnic Chinese (3605) were invited to participate in a telephone survey using a validated gastro-oesophageal reflux disease questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.Results : A total of 2209 subjects (58% female; mean age, 40.3 years) completed the interview. The annual, monthly and weekly prevalence rates of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease were 29.8%, 8.9% and 2.5%, respectively. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptoms were associated with non-cardiac chest pain [odds ratio (OR), 2.3; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.7–3.1], dyspepsia (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4–2.5), globus (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2–2.7), acid feeling in the stomach (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 4.5–7.5) and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.5–3.6), but not with dysphagia, bronchitis, asthma, hoarseness and pneumonia. Patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease had a significantly higher anxiety and depression score and required more days off work when compared with subjects without. The frequency of heartburn (P = 0.032), female gender (P 〈 0.001), degree of depression (P = 0.004) and social morbidity (P 〈 0.001) were independent factors associated with health care-seeking behaviour.Conclusion : The prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease was lower than that in Western populations, but carried a significant socio-economic burden in the studied Chinese population. The frequency of heartburn, female gender and psychosocial factors were associated with health care utilization in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01737.x
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