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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proinflammatory cytokines trigger MUC gene expression and mucin release in the intestinal cancer cell line LS180 (2000)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 49 (2000), S. 162-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Proinflammatory cytokines — LS180 cell —MUC genes — Mucin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objectives and Design: Proinflammatory cytokines and a defective mucus layer are involved in the pathogenesis of colitis. Therefore, we determined cytokine effects on MUC gene expression and mucin secretion.¶Materials and Methods: LS180 cells were characterized by light and electron microscopy and subsequently exposed to interleukin 1 (IL-1, 1 ng/ml), interleukin 6 (IL-6, 10 ng/ml), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα, 10 ng/ml). MUC gene (MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6) mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR, the encoded proteins were identified by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting, and the released mucins were isolated and chromatographically characterized.¶Results: Thirty to 40% of the cells contained intracellular mucin granules. Incubation with IL-1 transiently stimulated the mRNA expression of MUC2 and MUC5AC, whereas IL-6 induced an early response of MUC2, MUC5B and MUC6. TNFα upregulated the expression of MUC2 and MUC5B for 3 hours, and had no effect on the expression of MUC 5AC and MUC6. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting confirmed TNFα effects on MUC2 and MUC5AC on the protein levels. All cytokines stimulated the release of less glycosylated mucins and considerably modulated their carbohydrate composition.¶Conclusion: Our data demonstrate differential cytokine effects on mucin synthesis, secretion and composition. These alterations may contribute to the defective mucus layer in colitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050576
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface reconstruction from stereoscopy and “shape from shading” in SEM images (1991)
    Springer
    Machine vision and applications 4 (1991), S. 271-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1769
    Keywords: Electron microscopy ; three-dimensional vision ; surface reconstruction ; stereo ; shape from shading ; dynamic programming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract The computational reconstruction of surface topographies from scanning electron microscope (SEM) images has been extensively investigated in the past, but fundamental image processing problems still exist. Since conventional approaches adapted from general-purpose image processing have not sufficiently met the requirements in terms of resolution and reliability, we have explored combining different methods to obtain better results. This paper presents a least-squares combination of conventional stereoscopy with “shape from shading” and a way of obtaining self-consistent surface profiles from stereoscopy and “stereo-intrinsic shape from shading” using dynamic programming techniques. Results are presented showing how this combined analysis of multi-sensorial data yields improvements of the reconstructed surface topography that cannot be obtained from individual sensor signals alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01815304
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulus-Secretion Coupling in Rat Parietal-Cells Is Affected by Extracellular Magnesium
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 204 (1994), S. 512-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1994.2489
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein kinase C and parietal cell function
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 149 (1987), S. 720-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(87)90427-X
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTERACTION OF THE NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUG FLUFENAMIC ACID WITH GASTRIC ACID SECRETION AND H+/K+ -ATPase (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 19 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) flufenamic acid on H+production in isolated and enriched guinea-pig parietal cells and on H+/K+-ATPase activity in ion-tight inside-out membrane vesicles from pig gastric mucosa were studied.2. At low concentrations (0.1 and 1.0 μmol/L), flufenamic acid increased the secretory response of parietal cells to dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP). At higher concentrations (10 and 100 μmol/L) it progressively inhibited basal and dbcAMP-stimulated acid production.3. Flufenamic acid (10 μmol/L) increased K+ (0.5–10.0 mmol/L) and K+ (0.5–1.0 mmol/L) plus gramicidin-stimulated ATPase activity in gastric membrane vesicles. The Km value for K+ (1.6 and 1.0 mmol/L in the absence and presence of gramicidin, respectively) was decreased to 0.8 and 0.5 mmol/L, respectively. At higher concentrations (≥ 50 μmol/L), flufenamic acid inhibited K+ plus gramicidin-stimulated ATPase activity (inhibited concentration at 50% [IC50] = 186 μmol/L) and reduced the proton concentration (IC50= 50 μmol/L).4. It is concluded that flufenamic acid-induced enhancement of dibutyryl cyclic AMP-stimulated H+ production in the parietal cell reflects the stimulation of H+/K+-ATPase. We suggest that activation of the enzyme involves increased affinity of K+ towards the K+-binding site of the enzyme and/ or increased KC1 permeability at the vesicle membrane. The inhibitory action of the drug on H+production in parietal cells results from a detergent and/or protonophoric-like action at the apical parietal cell membrane, and from inhibition of H+/K+-ATPase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1992.tb00504.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of the Caspase Family in Helicobacter pylori Induced Gastric Epithelial Apoptosis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 7 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and Aims.  H. pylori infection results in an increased epithelial apoptosis in gastritis and duodenal ulcer patients. We investigated the role and type of activation of caspases in H. pylori-induced apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells.Methods.  Differentiated human gastric cancer cells (AGS) and human gastric mucous cell primary cultures were incubated with H. pylori for 0.5–24 hours in RPMI 1640 medium, and the effects on cell viability, epithelial apoptosis, and activity of caspases were monitored. Apoptosis was analyzed by detection of DNA-fragments by Hoechst stain®, DNA-laddering, and Histone-ELISA. Activities of caspases were determined in fluorogenic assays and by Western blotting. Cleavage of BID and release of cytochrome c were analyzed by Western blot. Significance of caspase activation was investigated by preincubation of gastric epithelial cells with cell permeable specific caspase inhibitors.Results.  Incubation of gastric epithelial cells with H. pylori caused a time and concentration dependent induction of DNA fragmentation (3-fold increase), cleavage of BID, release of cytochrome c and a concomittant sequential activation of caspase-9 (4-fold), caspase-8 (2-fold), caspase-6 (2-fold), and caspase-3 (6-fold). No effects on caspase-1 and -7 were observed. Activation of caspases preceded the induction of DNA fragmentation. Apoptosis could be inhibited by prior incubation with the inhibitors of caspase-3, -8, and -9, but not with that of caspase-1.Conclusions.  Activation of certain caspases and activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway are essential for H. pylori induced apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2002.00112.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The gastric proton pump, a target for neuroleptics and antidepressant drugs? (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 1 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The antisecretory action of the antidepressant drugs trimipramine, doxepin and nortriptyline was studied in two different in-vitro test systems; the isolated and enriched guinea-pig parietal cell and the purified H+/K+-ATPase preparation. The effect of the antidepressants was compared with that of the neuroleptic agents chlorpromazine, triflupromazine, trifluoperazine, haloperidol, fluspirilene and with that of the tricyclic anticholinergic agent pirenzepine. All neuroleptics and antidepressants inhibited acid formation in intact parietal cells with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. The inhibitory potency for each compound was identical regardless of whether histamine or db-cAMP was used as stimulant. Isolated H+/K+-ATPase, measured in the presence of 5 mmol litre−1 KCl, was inhibited by all psychotropic drugs with IC50 values in the micromolar range. EGTA did not affect the inhibitory potency at the H+/K+-ATPase, indicating that the action of the drugs does not depend on their calmodulin blocking activity. Pirenzepine was ineffective in both test systems. Kinetic studies done with nortriptyline, chlorpromazine and haloperidol showed a competitive type of inhibition with respect to K+ at low inhibitor concentrations. This competitive type was changed to a mixed type of inhibition with increasing inhibitor concentrations, demonstrating cooperative effects between drug binding and K+ activation of the enzyme. From these data it is suggested that antidepressants and neuroleptics act by an allosteric mechanism of action, and that the lipid solubility is a significant factor to establish enzyme inhibition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1987.tb00613.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Signal transduction of cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors in porcine chief cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 40 (1992), S. 209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-0115(92)90336-S
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different antigenic determinants in the polypeptide chains of human collagen
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 12 (1971), S. 341-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(71)80010-8
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth Characteristics and Influence of Antibiotics on Rough/Smooth Phenotypic Variants of Helicobacter pylori (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 18 (1999), S. 490-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Helicobacter pylori shows a rather high variability of several biochemical markers including lipopolysaccharide structures. This study aimed to determine whether Helicobacter pylori has a potential for phenotypic variability and to describe its effects on bacterial pathogenesis. From colonies of three clinical strains of Helicobacter pylori with rough (R) colony morphology, spontaneous phenotypic variants with smooth (S) colony morphology were isolated that occurred with a frequency of 10–2 to 10–3, irrespective of growth conditions. R-variant bacteria produced exclusively low-molecular-mass lipopolysaccharide. They exhibited increased lysis in the presence of plain air. In contrast, the S variants produced low- and high-molecular-mass lipopolysaccharide and did not exhibit increased lysis in the presence of plain air. Cocultivation of bacterial cells with AGS stomach cancer cells revealed that R-variant bacteria but not S-variant bacteria effected an inhibition of high molecular-weight glycoprotein biosynthesis and secretion by the host cells. Skirrow supplement added as selective agent to liquid and/or solid media was tolerated to a similar extent among R- and S-variant bacteria, while all variants proved sensitive to metronidazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin except for the R and S isolates of strain Hp57, which showed resistance to the latter compound. It was concluded that R- and S-variants of Helicobacter pylori may have distinct roles in pathogenesis; nevertheless, these bacteria may be isolated by traditional methods and eradicated by conventional anti-infective therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100960050329
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