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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bacillary angiomatosis ; Rochalimaea ; Acquired immunodeficiency virus ; Human immunodeficiency virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 52-year old male homosexual patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presented in our clinic with multiple nodular papules (more than 100) spread over the whole body which had developed within 3 months. Bacillary angiomatosis was suspected, which is a bacterial infectious disease recognized recently mainly in patients with AIDS. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations of extirpated skin lesions were in agreement with the diagnosis, and the detection of rod-shaped bacteria in the lesions by Warthin-Starry silver stain confirmed it. The patient was treated with 2 × 100 mg doxycycline per day. The fever disappeared, and the cutaneous lesions showed a slight tendency to improve. However, after 5 days of therapy the patient showed increasing weakness, with muscle and bone pain. The patient died 10 days after the doxycyline therapy had been started. The cutaneous lesions in bacillary angiomatosis may resemble Kaposi's sarcoma and may therefore be misdiagnosed. The disease may be fatal, but timely antibiotic treatment is usually effective; therefore the diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis is important. Although many cases have been reported from the United States, only one case is known from Europe. Our finding of bacillary angiomatosis in a German AIDS patient supports the concept of a worldwide distribution of this bacterial agent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer offenen Phase-III-Studie wurden 103 HIV-positive Patienten mit oraler Candidiasis mit Fluconazol, 100 mg/Tag p. o. über 7–21 Tage (Mittel 12,2±6,1 Tage) behandelt. Bei 90% der Patienten lag das klinische Vollbild von Aids vor, bei 83% lagen die CD4-Lymphozyten unter 100 pro mm3. Klinische und mykologische Untersuchungen (Abstrich und Mundspülung) wurden vor Beginn der Therapie sowie nach 1, 2 und 3 Wochen durchgeführt. Klinisch ließ sich mit Fluconazol bei 71% der Patienten ein Therapieerfolg erzielen, zu einer Besserung kam es bei 16% der Patienten. Die Rate der Therapieversager betrug 13%. In 57% der Fälle kam es zu einer Elimination und bei 23% zu einer patiellen Elimination der Pilze. Nach mykologischen Kriterien lag in 20% der Fälle ein Therapieversagen vor. Nebenwirkungen traten bei 26% der Patienten auf, wobei der kausale Zusammenhang mit der Studienmedikation in 20 Fällen als unwahrscheinlich, in 17 Fällen als fraglich und in drei Fällen als wahrscheinlich beurteilt wurde. Bei sieben Patienten wurde die Fluconazol-Behandlung vorzeitig beendet, bei drei Patienten aufgrund von Nebenwirkungen von Fluconazol. Insgesamt stellt Fluconazol auch bei Patienten mit HIV-Infektion im fortgeschrittenen Stadium und entsprechend schwerer Abwehrschwäche eine wesentliche Bereicherung des therapeutischen Spektrums dar.
    Notes: Summary In an open phase-III study 103 HIV-positive patients with oral candidiasis were treated with oral fluconazole 100 mg/day for 7–21 days (mean 12.2 ± 6.1 days). Ninety per cent of the patients presented with the full clinical picture of AIDS, in 83% CD4-lymphocytes were 〈100/mm3. Clinical and mycological (smear and mouth rinsing) examinations were performed at the start of therapy, after weeks 1, 2, and 3, and at the end of therapy. The clinical findings showed fluconazole therapy to have achieved cure in 71% of the patients and improvement in 16%. Therapy failed in 13%. Mycological tests revealed elimination in 57% and reduction in colony counts in 23% of patients. Therapy failure according to mycological criteria was observed in 20% of all subjects. Adverse events were recorded for 26% of all patients. A causal connection with study therapy was considered as “unlikely” in 20 cases, “questionable” in 17 cases, and “likely” in three cases. Premature discontinuation of fluconazole therapy was required in seven patients, in three of them because of adverse events due to fluconazole. Even in patients with advanced HIV infection and consequently severe immunodeficiency, fluconazole is an important improvement of the therapeutic spectrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 443-445 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: HIV ; AIDS ; Small intestine ; Microsporidiosis ; Enterocytozoon bieneusi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since intestinal microsporidiosis might be of importance in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients infected with HIV, we examined duodenal biopsies of HIV-infected patients by electron microscopy. Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection of the small intestine was found in one of 23 patients studied, which gives a 95% confidence interval for the prevalence rate between 0.1 % and 22%. The infected patient was a 24-year-old homosexual male with AIDS who underwent upper endoscopy because of acute epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. These symptoms were obviously due to mesenterial Kaposi's sarcoma obstructing the duodenal passage, as was later revealed at autopsy. However, microsporidiosis might have caused the patient's eight-month history of diarrhea and weight loss, since infected cells showed signs of degeneration, and no other pathogens were ever detected in stool or biopsy. Our finding of Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection in a German AIDS patient supports the concept of a worldwide distribution of this parasite; further studies are needed to define its exact prevalence in HIV-infected patients and its pathogenic relevance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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