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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SEROTONIN IN TOXAEMIA OF PREGNANCY (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 12 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) contents of maternal blood, fetal cord blood, and placenta from thirty-five patients with toxaemia of pregnancy and forty normal pregnant subjects were estimated. Placental monoamine oxidase activity from ten normal and ten toxaemic cases were also estimated.2. An increased content and uptake of serotonin by platelets in maternal blood from toxaemic patients were observed and there was a concomitant reduction in platelet count.3. Raised levels of serotonin and a decrease in monoamine oxidase levels were observed in placentas of the toxaemic group.4. The levels of serotonin in fetal cord blood were significantly higher than those in normal maternal blood. It is suggested that the fetus could be the source of increased serotonin in this syndrome, due to the decrease in monoamine oxidase activity in the toxaemic placenta.5. An abnormality in indole amine metabolism may contribute to the pathology associated with toxaemia of pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1985.tb00297.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A STUDY OF THE ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF DIAZEPAM AND OTHER TRANQUILLOSEDATIVES IN ALBINO RATS (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 12 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Anti-ulcer and sedative effects of tranquillosedatives viz. benzodiazepines (diazepam, oxazepam and nitrazepam), barbiturate (phenobarbitone), phenothiazines (chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine and thioridazine) and butyrophenone (haloperidol) were compared in albino rats.2. Ulceration of the glandular stomach was induced by 2 h restraint at 4°C. Sedation was measured using the rotarod test.3. These tranquillosedatives showed dose dependent anti-ulcer and sedative effects. The relative potency and therapeutic index (ratio between rotarod ED50 and anti-ulcer ED50) of each drug were determined. Diazepam showed the highest therapeutic index (1.88).4. Diazepam significantly reduced the volume of gastric secretion, raised its pH and prevented the gastric ulcer formation in pylorus ligated rats but failed to prevent the acute duodenal ulceration induced by intramuscular injection of histamine or carbachol in guinea-pigs and rats, respectively.5. These observations suggest that benzodiazepines (diazepam) are more suitable anti-ulcer agents compared to barbiturate, phenothiazines and butyrophenone. The anti-ulcer effect of diazepam is possibly due to a combination of sedative, anti-anxiety and antisecretory actions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1985.tb00303.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES ELICITED BY MICROINJECTION OF CHOLINERGIC AGENTS INTO NUCLEUS DORSALIS RAPHE IN CATS (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 10 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effect of cholinomimetics and cholinoceptor blocking agents microinjected into nucleus dorsalis raphe (NDR) has been studied on heart rate and blood pressure to identify the nature and role of these cholinoceptors in cardiovascular regulation.2. Microinjection of the cholinoceptor agonists, pilocarpine and carbachol into NDR elicited bradycardia and hypotension accompanied by salivation which could be blocked by local pretreatment with ethybenztropine (a muscarinic réceptor blocker), but not by chlorisondamine (a nicotinic receptor blocker).3. Pretreatment with atropine methylnitrate (i.v.), which blocks only peripheral muscarinic receptors, did not prevent these cardiovascular responses evoked by carbachol microinjection.4. These cholinergic receptors seem to be localized in NDR since, microinjection of carbachol into neural structures adjoining NDR, failed to induce any cardiovascular responses.5. Muscarinic cholinoceptors are present in NDR which modulate cardiovascular activity by influencing sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral columns of the spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00849.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EVIDENCE FOR THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE AT CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL SITES ON OVULATION IN RABBITS (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 17 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has been investigated on ovulation per se as well as on induced ovulation in rabbits.2. 5-HT administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) did not induce ovulation per se.3. The ovulation was induced by coitus, subcutaneous administration of progesterone and intravenous administration of cupric acetate.4. Postcoital and progesterone induced ovulation was found to be blocked by i.c.v. administered 5-HT.5. Cupric acetate induced ovulation was, however, not found to be blocked by i.c.v. administered 5-HT.6. Intraperitoneal administration of 5-HT was found to block cupric acetate induced ovulation.7. It is concluded that 5-HT exerts an inhibitory control over ovulation by acting at central as well as at peripheral sites in rabbits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1990.tb01360.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PRESENCE OF CHOLINOCEPTORS IN MESENCEPHALIC RAPHE NUCLEI CONCERNED IN THERMOREGULATION IN RABBITS (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 11 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The thermal effects of cholinomimetics and cholinoceptor blocking agents microinjected into mesencephalic nucleus raphe medianus (NRM) were investigated in rabbits to determine the nature and role of these cholinoceptors in thermoregulation.2. Microinjection of cholinoceptor agonists, carbachol and pilocarpine, into NRM resulted in significant hyperthermia which could be blocked by local pretreatment with chlorisondamine (a nicotinic receptor blocker) as well as by ethybenztropine (a muscarinic receptor blocker).3. Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with LM 5008 (serotonin reuptake blocker) significantly inhibited the carbachol-induced hyperthermia.4. Both nicotinic and muscarinic cholinoceptors are present in mesencephalic NRM which may be involved in thermoregulation in rabbits. Activation of these cholinoceptors in NRM results in hyperthermia which seems to be due to an inhibition of a serotonin sensitive hypothalamic heat loss mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1984.tb00247.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    5-Hydroxytryptamine Content of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Leprosy (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 206 (1965), S. 206-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Table 1 Type of patient No. patients Mean concentration of 5-HT(xl0-4μg/ml.) Significance of difference Control 48 10-38 + 1-9 Leprosy 17 111-2 ±18-03 P 〈 0-001 Eight pools of 100 ml. CSF each obtained from 30 patients with leprosy were examined chromatographically ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/206206b0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of α1adrenoceptors of nucleus tractus solitarius in baroreflex mediated bradycardia (1982)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 321 (1982), S. 38-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Baroreflex ; α1Adrenoceptors ; Nucleus tractus solitarius ; Clonidine ; Noradrenaline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microinjections of noradrenaline and clonidine into nucleus tractus solitarius produced dose dependent bradycardia without significant decrease in blood pressure in chloralose anaesthetized cats. Phenylephrine failed to produce any significant alteration of heart rate or blood pressure. Piperoxan microinjection into nucleus tractus solitarius elicited a mild but significant tachycardia and could also block the noradrenaline and clonidine responses. Phenoxybenzamine however neither affected resting heart rate and blood pressure nor antagonized the responses of noradrenaline and clonidine. Guanethidine pretreatment of nucleus tractus solitarius also abolished the clonidine response. Baroreceptor reflex activation induced bradycardia was inhibited by yohimbine or piperoxane injected into the cisterna magna or microinjected bilaterally into the nucleus tractus solitarius. Pretreatment of nucleus tractus solitarius with phenoxybenzamine by either route, did not affect the reflex bradycardia. It is concluded that the α-adrenoceptors of nucleus tractus solitarius involved in the decrease in heart rate during baroreceptor activation are α1 in nature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00586346
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleus locus coeruleus: Evidence for α1-adrenoceptor mediated hypotension in the cat (1984)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 326 (1984), S. 193-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: α1-Adrenoceptors ; Locus coeruleus ; Clonidine ; Noradrenaline ; Phenylephrine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microinjection of noradrenaline or phenylephrine into the nucleus locus coeruleus of cats induced a dose dependent and long lasting hypotension. Clonidine was required in a dose of 1 μg for eliciting a significant hypotension while its lower doses (up to 500 ng) failed to elicit any significant cardiovascular alteration. The effects on heart rate evoked by these agents were insignificant. Microinjection of α-adrenoceptor antagonists prazosin, piperoxan and RX 781094 per se did not evoke any significant cardiovascular effects and only prazosin pretreatment showed dose dependent antagonism of the hypotensivee effect of clonidine. Piperoxan was required in four times higher dose (20 μg) to partially antagonize the clonidine induced hypotension. RX 781094, a selective α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, however, even up to a dose of 20 μg (four times that of prazosin) did not alter the effect of clonidine. Similar pattern of antagonism was also seen for noradrenaline and phenylephrine. The results demonstrate the presence of α1-adrenoceptors in the nucleus locus coeruleus, the activation of which leads to a fall in blood pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00505317
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for involvement of α 2Adreonceptors in the nucleus ambiguus in baroreflex-mediated bradycardia (1983)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 323 (1983), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Baroreflex ; α2-Adrenoceptors ; Nucleus ambiguus ; Clonidme ; Noradrenaline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microinjection of noradrenaline and clonidine into the nucleus ambiguus elicited dose-dependent bradycardia with insignificant alteration of blood pressure. Phenylephrine failed to elicit any cardiovascular effect. The bradycardic effects of noradrenaline and clonidine were antagonized by piperoxan but not by phenoxybenzamine. Adrenergic neurone blockade with local guanethidine pretreatment also abolished the response to clonidine. No significant cardiovascular effect of clonidine microinjection into the nucleus ambiguus was observed in bilaterally vagotomized animals. The baroreflex bradycardia induced by volume loading was abolished by yohimbine and piperoxan by volume loading was abolished by yohimbine and piperoxan but not by phenoxybenzamine, microinjected bilaterally into the nucleus ambiguus. These results demonstrate the presence of cardioinhihibitory, presynaptic α2-adrenoceptors in the nucleus ambiguus and their involvement in baroreflex bradycardia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00497663
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of theα-adrenoceptor modulation of vasomotor tone at the level of lateral medullary pressor area (LMPA) (1985)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 330 (1985), S. 163-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: α-Adrenoceptors ; Baroreflex ; Clonidine ; Noradrenaline ; Sympathetic tone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microinjection of noradrenaline and clonidine into lateral medullary pressor area (LMPA) of chloralose anaesthetized cats produced dose dependent decrease in blood pressure without affecting heart rate, while phenylephrine did not elicit any cardiovascular response. Selectiveα 2-adrenoceptor, antagonists idazoxan and piperoxan, microinjected locally, blocked the effects of the agonists but prazosin and phenoxybenzamine, which are relatively selective forα 1-adrenoceptors, failed to do so. Clonidine did not elicit any response in guanethidine pretreated cats but noradrenaline microinjected into LMPA of these animals induced a pressor response which was blocked by prazosin pretreatment. It is concluded that catecholaminergic fibres impinging upon this are inhibit the activity of the inhibitory second order baroreceptor neurone by activatingα 1-adrenoceptors whileα 2-adrenoceptors situated presynaptically on these inhibitory catecholaminergic nerve terminals are responsible for the manifestation of the hypotensive effect of clonidine and exogenously administered noradrenaline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00572428
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