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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 1 (1989), S. 41-41 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Onkologe 2 (1996), S. 271-277 
    ISSN: 1433-0415
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Das hier Gesagte trifft auch auf die onkologische Nuklearmedizin zu. Wenn auch die Immunszintigraphie nicht die Erwartungen erfüllt hat, so lassen neuere Entwicklungen doch erhoffen, daß die Nuklearmedizin für die onkologische Diagnostik und Therapie wichtige Ergebnisse liefern kann. Fortschritte sind neben der weiteren Verbreitung aufwendiger Untersu-chungsgeräte durch neue Radiopharmaka zu erwarten. Hierbei erlauben dedizierte 3-Kopf-Kameras bzw. Ringkristallsysteme eine bessere Ortsauflösung und eine verbesserte Ausnutzung der emittierten Gammaenergie. Auf ,,konventionellem`` Gebiet werden sich Tc-99m markierte, niedermolekulare Peptide durchsetzen. Die Positronenemissionstomographie (PET) wird in Zukunft verstärkt zum Einsatz kommen. Logistische Schwierigkeiten – bedingt durch die kurze Halbwertszeit von F-18 Fluordeoxyglucose (FDG) – lassen sich durch flächendeckende Produktion am Zyklotron reduzieren. Im folgenden werden der gegenwärtige Stand und die zukünftige Entwicklung der einzelnen Verfahren dargelegt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 340 (1976), S. 285-297 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Echinococcus cysticus ; Echinococcus alveolaris ; Hepatic Surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Von 1970 bis April 1975 wurden in der Chirurg. Univ. Klinik Bonn 42 Patienten wegen histologisch gesicherter Leber-Echinococcose stationär behandelt; in 33 Fällen handelte es sich umE, cysticus, in 9 Fällen umE. alveolaris. Die beiden parasitologisch und epidemiologisch verschiedenen Echinococcusarten präsentieren klinisch verschiedene Krankheitsmanifestationen mit unterschiedlicher Verlaufsform und Prognose. Diagnostisch sind Angiographie mit Coeliaco- und superselektiver Hepaticographie entscheidend. Die Therapie ist nur chirurgisch, angestrebt wird die Totalausräumung der Parasiten. Sie gelingt beiE. cysticus meist durch Enukleationsresektion oder Pericystektomie nach vorheriger Punktionssaugung und Instillierung von 20 %iger NaClLösung oder Formalin. Solche Radikalität ist beiE. alveolaris die Ausnahme. Hier stehen Teilresektionen, biliodigestive und hepatodigestive Anastomosen als Palliativmaßnahmen zur Sicherung des Galleabflusses im Vordergrund.
    Notes: Summary From 1970 to April 1975 42 patients were treated for Echinococcus of the liver at the Bonn University Dept. of Surgery. There were 33 cases ofE. cysticus and 9 cases ofE. alveolaris. These two types of Echinococcus, different in parasitology and epidemiology present different clinical manifestation of disease with different course and prognosis. Angiography with celiaco- and superselective hepaticography are decisive for diagnosis. Therapy can only be surgical with total removal of the parasites. InE. cysticus this is almost always possible by enucleation-resection or pericystectomie following evacuation of the cyst and instillation of 20 % sodium-chloride or formaldehyde. Such radicality is the exception inE. alveolaris. Here partial resections, biliodigestive and hepatodigestive anastomoses as palliative measures are carried out predominantly to ensure bile passage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 351 (1980), S. 23-37 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Liver perfusion scintigraphy ; Liver blood flow ; Tc-99m pertechnetate ; Tc-99m sulphur colloid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach i.v. Injektion eines Radio-Tracers ist ein zweigipfeliger Zeitaktivitätsverlauf der Leber zu beobachten, der aus der doppelten Blutversorgung (arteriell und portal) resultiert. Die komplette Unterbrechung der arteriellen bzw. portalvenösen Blutzufuhr führte im Tierexperiment zum Verlust des entsprechenden Kurvenanteils. Simultan zur LeberperfusionsSzintigraphie durchgeführte elektromagnetische Flowmessungen ergaben, daß die Impulsintegrale der arteriellen und portalen Kurvenkomponenten mit dem jeweiligen prozentualen effektiven Flowanteil an der Gesamtleberdurchblutung korrelieren. Ebenfalls im Tierexperiment konnte gezeigt werden, daß der posthepatische Block zu einer erheblichen Einschränkung des portalen Perfusionsanteils führt. Aufgrund der experimentell gewonnenen Erkenntnisse wurde die quantitative Leberperfusions-Szintigraphie bei Gesunden sowie bei Patienten mit Lebercirrhose und portalem Hypertonus eingesetzt. Bei normaler Leberdurchblutung konnte ein portaler Anteil von ca. 70 % festgestellt werden. Demgegenüber sank bei Pfortaderhochdruck der portale Anteil an der Gesamtleberdurchblutung auf durchschnittlich 20%. Nach Anlegen eines als ≫ Überlaufanastomose≪ konzipierten Shunts war in der Mehrzahl der Fälle keine portale Leberdurchblutung mehr nachzuweisen, was auch angiographisch durch eine reverse Pfortaderdurchströmung zu verifizieren war. Die Messung des ≫Estimated Hepatic Blood Flow (EHBF)≪ mittels Isotopenkolloid-Clearance ergab unter Einbeziehung des effektiven Blutvolumens (51C-markierte Erythrocyten) bei Lebergesunden 17 ml/kg und bei Patienten mit Lebercirrhose 12 ml/kg Körpergewicht. Die sequentielle Leberperfusions-Szintigraphie bietet damit in Verbindung mit der Messung des EHBF die Möglichkeit, arteriellen und portalen Flow der Leber quantitativ und nicht invasiv zu bestimmen.
    Notes: Summary Following the i.v. injection of an appropriate radiotracer, a time-activity curve with two humps can be imaged over the liver as a result of the dual blood supply (hepatic artery and portal vein). The complete obstruction of flow — either arterial or portal components — has led in experimental animals to the loss of the corresponding part of the liver histogram. Electromagnetic flow measurement during liver perfusion scintigraphy showed good correlation between the arterial and portal components in the integrated impulses to the actual effective contribution from both. In addition, experimental posthepatic block showed significant diminution of portal blood flow. The consistent and reproducible results led us to employ this technique in studies of liver perfusion in normal controls as well as in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. In the normal group, portal flow contribution was about 70 %. Significantly, in patients with portal hypertension due to liver cirrhosis, the portal component dropped to about 20 %. In the group of patients who later had portosystemic shunt surgery, an initial diminution of portal flow contribution was documented. Following the shunt procedure, the same component was reduced to nil in most cases, as was also demonstrated by angiography (reverse portal perfusion). Estimation of hepatic blood flow with radiocolloid clearance, together with determination of effective blood volume (51Cr-tagged erythrocytes), yielded a value of 17 ml/kg in normals and 12 ml/kg in patients with liver cirrhosis. Thus, sequential liver perfusion scintigraphy in conjunction with the measurement of EHBF makes possible the quantitative assessment of arterial and portal flow to the liver by noninvasive means.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 21 (1994), S. 1166-1166 
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ; Positron emission tomography ; Technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ; Scintimammography ; Breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to compare, in breast cancer patients, the diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and scintimammography (SMM) using technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI). A total of 20 patients (40 breasts with 22 lesions) were evaluated serially with MIBI and, on the following day, with FDG. For SMM, planar and single-photon emission tomography imaging in the prone position was performed starting at 10 min following the injection of MIBI (740 MBq). For PET, scans were acquired 45–60 min after the injection of FDG (370 MBq) and attentuation correction was performed following transmission scans. Results from SMM and PET were subsequently compared with the histopathology results. True-positive results were obtained in 12/13 primary breast cancers (mean diameter=29 mm, range 8–53 mm) with both FDG and MIBI. False-negative results were obtained in two local recurrences (diameter 〈9 mm) with both FDG and MIBI. In benign disease, FDG and MIBI did not localize three fibrocystic lesions, two fibroadenomas and one inflammatory lesion (true-negative), but both localized one fibroadenoma (false-positive). Collectively, the results demonstrate a sensitivity of 92%, and a specificity of 86%, for primary breast cancer regardless of whether FDG or MIBI was used. In contrast to MIBI scintigraphy, FDG PET scored the axillae correctly as either positive (metastatic disease) or negative (no axillary disease) in all 12 patients. The tumour/non-tumour ratio for MIBI was 1.97 (range 1.43–3.1). The mean standard uptake value (SUV) for FDG uptake was 2.57 (range 0.3–6.2). The diagnostic accuracy of SMM was equivalent to that of FDG PET for the detection of primary breast cancer. For the detection of in situ lymph node metastases of the axilla, FDG seems to be more sensitive than99mTc-MIBI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ; Scintimammography ; Breast cancer ; Dense breasts ; Mammography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of the trial was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of scintimmammography with technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) in the detection of primary breast cancer and to verify its clinical usefulness. A total of 246 patients with a suspicious breast mass or positive mammogram were included in this prospective European multicentre trial. At 5 min and 60 min (optional) p.i. two lateral prone images were acquired for 10 min each; 30 min p.i. one anterior image was acquired for 10 min. There were 253 lesions (195 palpable and 58 non-palpable), in respect of which histology revealed 165 cancers and 88 benign lesions. Institutional and blinded read results were correlated to core laboratory histopathology results obtained during excisional biopsy. Diagnostic accuracy for the detection of breast cancer was calculated per lesion. The overall sensitivity and specificity of blinded read scintimammography were 71% and 69%, respectively. For palpable lesions, the sensitivity of blinded read and institutional read scintimammography was 83% and 91%, respectively. Sensitivity was not dependent on the density of the breast tissue. Invasive ductal and invasive lobular cancers showed similar sensitivity. The sensitivity and specificity of mammography were 91% and 42%, respectively, and did not depend on the tumour size. In 60% of false-negative mammograms, 99mTc-MIBI was able to diagnose malignancy (true-positive). High-quality imaging with 99mTc-MIBI has a high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of primary breast cancer. Used as a complementary method, scintimammography with 99mTc-MIBI can help to diagnose breast cancer at an earlier stage in patients with dense breasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: 99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-d-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide ; 111In-DTPA-d-Phe1-octreotide ; Receptor scintigraphy ; Octreotide ; Somatostatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Indium-111 labelledDTPA-d-Phe1-octreotide (DTPA-OC, OctreoScan) has been introduced into clinical routine for the detection of somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-positive tumours, which are predominantly of neuroendocrine origin. Potential further applications in other SSTR-positive cancers (e.g. small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma) have been limited mainly by the restricted availability and the high radionuclide costs. Previous attempts to introduce technetium-99m labelled analogues of octreotide have not been very successful in terms of the labelling procedure, in vivo biodistribution and/or tumour detection capabilities. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the new 99mTc-labelled analogue HYNIC-d-Phe1-Tyr3 -octreotide (HYNIC-TOC), using tricine as co-ligand, for the detection of SSTR-positive tumours in patients in comparison with 111In-DTPA-OC. Overall, 13 patients were examined using 99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-TOC. Twelve patients had proven SSTR-positive tumours, while one patient presented with an SSTR-negative tumour. In 9 of the 13 patients both tracers (99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-TOC and 111In-DTPA-OC) were used. Serial whole-body scans, spot views and/or single-photon emission tomography studies were performed. Images were qualitatively and semi-quantitatively (ROI analyses) evaluated. The biodistribution of 99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-TOC in patients showed high physiological uptake in kidneys, moderate uptake in liver and spleen and little uptake in the gut. The tracer showed predominantly renal and negligible hepatobiliary excretion. Known SSTR-positive tumour sites showed rapid and intense tracer accumulation. 99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-TOC demonstrated rapid tissue uptake within the first hour after injec- tion and had basically no significant clearance (〈20%) from normal or tumour tissue thereafter. In contrast, 111In-DTPA-OC showed continuous clearance from normal tissues as well as renal and very little hepatobiliary excretion. Nevertheless, the patterns of accumulation of 99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-TOC in tumours and normal organs were comparable to those of 111In-DTPA-OC. A lesion-by-lesion comparison showed comparable tumour detection capabilities in intrahepatic tumour sites and superior capabilities of 99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-TOC in respect of extrahepatic lesions. In conclusion, 99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-TOC shows promise as a tracer for SSTR imaging, given its favourable clinical characteristics (specific and high receptor affinity, good biodistribution, renal excretion, low radiation exposure, high imaging quality, on-demand availability) and cost-effectiveness. 99mTc-tricine-HYNIC-TOC allows earlier diagnosis (10 min–4 h) compared with 111In-DTPA-OC (4–24 h).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 18 (1991), S. 761-778 
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Thyroid diseases ; Laboratory tests ; Scintigraphy ; Sonography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The goiter prevalence in iodine-deficient regions is up to 25%–54%. The most frequent disease in these endemic areas is non-toxic goiter, which is, however, oftentimes connected with autonomously functioning thyroid tissue leading to borderline or overt hyperthyroidism. Other thyroid diseases like cancer, thyroiditis and hypothyroidism play only a minor role in a thyroid clinic, while cases of Graves' disease may be observed more frequently. The most cost-effective tools to evaluate thyroid patients are the hand, ear and mouth of the thyroid clinician. The differential diagnosis of thyroid disorders may be evaluated by a battery of diagnostic tools like in-vitro tests and high performance imaging modalities. Once the diagnosis is established, the appropriate therapeutic procedures (drugs, radioiodine, surgery) have to be chosen. This review should be considered as a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases. In addition, special problems concerning elderly patients and pregnant women are discussed, including the differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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