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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A combined clinical and immunological assessment of four cyclophosphamide regimes in rheumatoid arthritis (1979)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 9 (1979), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four dosage regimes of cyclophosphamide have been compared in patients with late rheumatoid arthritis, in an attempt to separate toxicity from efficacy. Joint inflammation was assessed clinically and objectively by quantitative thermography. Delayed hypersensitivity in vitro was assessed using leucocyte migration inhibition (L.M.T.) to a standard antigen, Streptokinase. There was no significant difference in clinical response or side-effects between a continuous oral regime (1 mg/kg/day) and the same total dose given as an intermittent oral regime. Responders and non-responders were seen in both groups and there was a significant relationship between clinical response and fall in platelet count, suggesting a variable threshold. The same total dose given as an intermittent intravenous regime caused considerable side-effects but these could be avoided by the addition of methylprednisolone. Both intravenous regimes induced a much more rapid fall in the Thermographic Index (T.I.) than the oral regimes. Indeed many patients receiving oral cyclophosphamide showed an increase in joint inflammation in the first three weeks of treatment. Immunological studies demonstrated a corresponding increase in reactivity to Streptokinase over this period. There was a highly significant correlation between changes in L.M.T. and T.I. both early in treatment and, in the oral groups, over a period of six months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02024139
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phenylbutazone dose-finding study in rheumatoid arthritis (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 773-776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: phenylbutazone ; rheumatoid arthritis ; dose ; oxyphenbutazone ; side effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Different doses of phenylbutazone have been compared in a double blind study on 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in order to determine the minimum effective dose. Of 8 different dose levels studied (90 mg, 150 mg, 180 mg, 240 mg, 270 mg, 300 mg, 360 mg and 450 mg/day) the most efficacious was found to be 300 mg/day. Doses below this did not produce full benefit; no further improvement occurs with higher doses. Although 7/32 patients developed adverse reactions there was no relationship between these and the plasma levels of either phenylbutazone or oxyphenbutazone. An attempt was made to distinguish ‘responders’ from ‘non-responders’. We found no relationship between response and plasma levels of phenylbutazone or oxyphenbutazone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00607086
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pharmacological and clinical comparison of prednisolone and betamethasone in rheumatoid arthritis (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 321-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: prednisolone ; betamethasone ; rheumatoid arthritis ; adrenal suppression ; chronic dosage ; anti-inflammatory activities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Two oral corticosteroids, prednisolone (8 mg/day) and betamethasone (1 mg/day) have been compared in terms of efficacy and adrenal suppressive activity when used in chronic oral dosage in rheumatoid arthritis. 2. 20 patients were entered to a single blind crossover study receiving each drug for a two-week period. Clinical and laboratory assessments were performed. 3. At this dosage there was no significant difference between any of the clinical parameters assessed for either drug though patient preference was 13 for prednisolone and 7 for betamethasone. 4. At this dosage adrenal suppression was not equivalent, being significantly more marked with betamethasone. 5. The results suggest that prednisolone is the drug of choice for chronic dosage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613613
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinical and biochemical assessment of etidronate disodium in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (1988)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 7 (1988), S. 91-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Etidronate ; Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diphosphonates reduce the rate of bone turnover. They have additional pharmacological properties improving adjuvant arthritis in rats and lowering ESR in this condition. We have evaluated etidronate disodium, a diphosphonate commonly prescribed in the United Kingdom for Paget's disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Apart from an early improvement in articular index, perhaps reflecting anti-inflammatory activity, no significant change occurred in clinical variables or in laboratory indices of ‘secondline’ action at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02284063
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How reliable is ESR as a measure of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis treated with hydroxychloroquine? (1988)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 7 (1988), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: ESR ; Hydroxychloroquine ; Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Forty-two patients with active rheumatoid arthritis treated with hydroxychloroquine sulphate (400 mg day−1) for six months have been compared with patients treated with D-penicillamine (n=14), aurothiomalate (n=13), sulphasalazine (n=15) and chloroquine (n=17) to compare the changes in articular index, plasma viscosity and ERS. Results indicate that while articular index and plasma viscosity show significant improvement for all treatments, the ESR fails to improve during hydroxychloroquine therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02204465
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of prednisolone with azathioprine and prednisolone with intramuscular gold in rheumatoid arthritis (1988)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 7 (1988), S. 181-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Pulse Steroid Therapy ; Gold ; Azathioprine ; Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pulse prednisolone hemisuccinate therapy (500 mg given intravenously on three occasions over two weeks) has been combined with either intramuscular sodium aurothiomalate or azathioprine in an assessment of 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Significant improvement in a variety of clinical and biochemical assessments was seen in both groups. Both treatments were well tolerated by the patients and prednisolone appeared to accelerate the response to sodium aurothiomalate and azathioprine but there was no great evidence that it enhanced it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02204452
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The run-in period in trial design: A comparison of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in psoriatic arthropathy (1982)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 12 (1982), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Psoriatic arthropathy is a relatively uncommon arthritis that exists in a wide variety of clinical forms. These two features of the disease cause problems in the design of clinical trials. In a comparison of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in this condition we attempted to overcome the difficulties by using a run-in period during which the dosage of one of the trial drugs was adjusted to suit the individual patient. After two weeks on indomethacin (75 mg or 150 mg/day) patients were allocated to four-week periods of indomethacin in the chosen dosage or diclofenac (75 mg or 150 mg/day) in a double-blind randomized crossover trial that used double dummy packaging. Of the 35 patients that entered the study, 19 completed both study groups. No significant differences were observed between the clinical improvements due to both drugs during the course of the study. In general more side-effects were seen during indomethacin treatment, though the study design precluded exact comparison. In a study biased against diclofenac, patient preference was 9/19 for indomethacin, 4/19 for diclofenac and 7/19 expressing no choice. Advantages and disadvantages of the study design are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01965150
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum biochemistry in relation to the action of azathioprine in rheumatoid arthritis (1983)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 13 (1983), S. 373-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a long-term study we have been comparing biochemical changes in the blood of patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when groups of patients are treated for the first time with specific anti-rheumatoid drugs for a six-month period. One such group was treated for 26 weeks with azathioprine. Biochemical and clinical assessments were made at each of 10 clinic visits during the treatment period. Side-effects prevented six patients completing the study. Clinical improvement in the remaining patients was accompained by a reduction in acute phase proteins, increases in total serum sulphydryl and serum histidine, but little or no change in immunological variables. Comparison of correlation matrices constructed between clinical and laboratory variables for azathioprine and drugs previously tested suggests that azathioprine more effective than a control group on aspirin alone and in some ways comparable withd-penicillamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01971492
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study to determine the clinical relevance of the pharmacokinetic interaction between aspirin and diclofenac (1986)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 18 (1986), S. 447-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Interaction studies in the rat and healthy human volunteers have shown that protein binding of diclofenac is reduced by the addition of salicylic acid causing an increased free drug level of diclofenac. The diclofenac area under curve (AUC) is also reduced by approximately one-third in the presence of salicylate. We have performed a crossover comparison of soluble aspirin, diclofenac and the two drugs in combination in patients with rheumatoid arthritis to determine whether this had clinical relevance. 36 patients entered the study. There was a high dropout rate on aspirin alone but analysis of completors (22 patients) showed diclofenac either alone or in combination to be superior to aspirin alone on two of the five clinical parameters measured. There was no significant difference between disclofenac and aspirin+diclofenac. We thus found no clinical manifestations of the pharmacokinetic interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01965010
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of nocturnal body motility: behaviour of osteoarthritic patients and healthy controls (1988)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 8 (1988), S. 67-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Body motility ; Osteoarthritis ; Hypnotics ; Sleep
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nocturnal body motility has been compared in a sleep laboratory between patients with osteoarthritis and healthy age-, sex- and weight-matched controls using a Bio-medical timer and bedleg force transducers connected to a Disa polygraph. Four motility variables were derived (duration of movement; duration adjusted for sensitivity; number of movements; number of 30-s epochs containing movements) enabling an assessment of nocturnal body motility in the two groups. There was a trend for osteoarthritic patients to move more than controls during sleep on all variables measured, although this did not reach statistical significance. Temazepam elixir (0.4mg/kg body weight/night) reduced all four motility variables in both osteoarthritic patients and controls, although only the reduction of the number of 30-s epochs containing movements (P〈0.05) in the control group attained statistical significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271837
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