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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Chronic pancreatitis ; Drainage ; Resection ; Duodenum-preserving resection of the head of the pancreas ; Quality of life ; Schlüsselwörter: Chronische Pankreatitis ; Drainage ; Resektion ; duodenumerhaltende Pankreaskopfresektion ; Lebensqualität.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Drainage und Resektion sind die Grundprinzipien in der chirurgischen Therapie der chronischen Pankreatitis. Die von Beger und Frey beschriebenen Techniken der duodenumerhaltenden Pankreaskopfresektion betonen diese in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß. In einer prospektiv randomisierten Studie wurden beide Verfahren verglichen; 74 Patienten wurden zufällig entweder der Beger- (n = 38) oder der Frey-Gruppe (n = 36) zugeteilt. Zusätzlich zur Routinediagnostik wurde ein multidimensionaler psychometrischer Lebensqualitätsfragebogen erhoben und das Schmerzempfinden anhand eines definierten Schmerzscores quantifiziert. Die endokrine und exokrine Pankreasfunktion wurde mit Hilfe des oralen Glucosetoleranztest, der Serumkonzentrationen von Insulin, C-Peptid und HbA1c sowie der Chymotrypsinkonzentration im Stuhl und des Pankreolauryltests untersucht. Das mittlere Intervall zwischen Symptombeginn und Operation betrug 5,1 (1–12) Jahre. Die mediane Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 30 Monate. Die Krankenhausletalität war null. Die Gesamtmorbiditätsrate betrug 27 % (Beger-Gruppe: 32 %, Frey-Gruppe: 22 %). Assoziierte Komplikationen benachbarter Organe wurden bei 91 % der Patienten beherrscht (Beger-Gruppe: 92 %, Frey-Gruppe: 91 %). Der Schmerzscore nahm um 95 % in der Beger- und 93 % in der Frey-Gruppe ab, während die globale Lebensqualität in beiden Gruppen um 67 % anstieg. Die endokrinen und exokrinen Funktionsparameter unterschieden sich nicht signifikant zwischen den beiden Gruppen. Beide Techniken der duodenumerhaltenden Pankreaskopfresektion sind gleichermaßen sicher und effektiv in bezug auf Schmerzfreiheit und Verbesserung der Lebensqualität, ohne die endokrine und exokrine Pankreasfunktion zu verschlechtern. Assoziierte Komplikationen benachbarter Organe können mit beiden Verfahren beherrscht werden.
    Notes: Summary. Drainage and resection are the principles of surgery in chronic pancreatitis. The techniques of duodenum-preserving resection of the head of the pancreas as described by Beger and Frey combine both to different degrees. In a prospective randomized trial both procedures were compared: 74 patients were randomly allocated to either Beger's (n = 38) or Frey's (n = 36) group. In addition to routine pancreatic diagnostic work-up a multidimensional psychometric quality-of-life questionnaire and a pain score were used. Assessment of endocrine and exocrine function included oral glucose tolerance test, serum concentrations of insulin, C-peptide, and HbA1c, as well as fecal chymotrypsin and pancreolauryl test. The mean interval between symptoms and surgery was 5.1 years (1–12 years). The median follow-up was 30 months. There was no mortality. Overall morbidity was 27 % (32 % Beger, 22 % Frey). Complications from adjacent organs were definitively resolved in 91 % (92 % Beger, 91 % Frey). A decrease in pain score of 95 % and 93 % after Beger's and Frey's procedure, respectively, and an increase of 67 % in the overall quality-of-life index in both groups were observed. Endocrine and exocrine function did not differ between the two groups. Both techniques of duodenum-preserving resection of the head of the pancreas are equally safe and effective with regard to pain relief, improvement of quality of life, and control of complications affecting adjacent organs. Neither procedure leads to further deterioration of endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 13 (1999), S. 727-727 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopic surgery — Ultrasonically activated scalpel — Cholecystectomy — Pacemaker — Cardioverter — Defibrillator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In patients with implanted pacemaker/cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), the use of electrocautery can lead to serious pacemaker dysfunction. The ultrasonically activated scalpel, however, which has been introduced mainly for the use in laparoscopic surgery, could potentially avoid the outlined problem, since no electrical current flows while in use. This hypothesis was tested in a pacemaker patient undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During the procedure, no abnormal rhythms or ECG interferences were detected while working in close vicinity to the device. Thus, the ultrasonically activated scalpel provides adequate hemostasis and does not bear the risk of pacemaker dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 264 (2000), S. 108-111 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Key words HELLP-syndrome ; Hepatic failure ; Transplantation ; Outcome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A case of hepatic complication in a pregnant woman suffering from HELLP syndrome resulting in the need for transplantation is reported, and an algorithm for those instances is suggested. According to the literature, this is the 5th report of hepatic complications in HELLP syndrome necessitating liver transplantation. Since all but one of the transplanted patients survived (as opposed to a high mortality in non-transplanted patients), it is concluded, that a timely decision for transplantation is a safe option in this high risk group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Pneumoperitoneum — Parietal peritoneum — Peritonitis — Mesothelium — Ultrastructural integrity — Scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Minimal invasive surgery is increasingly used in conditions complicated by peritonitis—e.g., peptic ulcer perforation. This study was devised to assess the effect of a pneumoperitoneum (PP) on the ultrastructural integrity of parietal peritoneum in perforation-induced peritonitis. Methods: Anesthetized rats were subjected either to standardized gastrotomy simulating gastric perforation (groups Ia–d; IIa–d) or to sham perforation (groups IIIa–d, IVa–d). In group I (a–d) and III (a–d), CO2 was insufflated 12 h after gastrotomy for 60 min (Pia 4 mmHg). Glutaraldehyde was administered intraperitoneally at the end of the PP period while the abdominal wall was still extended (group index a), as well as 30 sec (b), 2 h (c), and 12 h (d) after desufflation. Specimens were taken from the parietal peritoneum of the left diaphragm for scanning electronic-microscopic (SEM) analysis. In groups II (a–d) and IV (a–d), simple puncture of the abdominal cavity was performed, and specimens were taken at corresponding times. Results: In group Ia (gastric perforation with PP), distortion of the mesothelial cell layer with concomittant opening of stomata to the submesothelial tissue was already observed in specimens harvested while the abdominal wall was still extended. Concomitantly, scarce microvilli, which appeared coarse and thickened, were lying flat on top of the mesothelial cells. After desufflation (groups Ib–c), a rapid process of mesothelial disintegration with disruption from the submesothelial layer and vanishing of microvilli occurred. At 12 h after PP (group Id), complete deterioration of mesothelial cell integrity was observed. In groups IIa–c (gastric perforation without PP), microvilli appeared shrunk and coarse, while integrity of the mesothelial cell layer remained intact up to 2 h after the abdominal puncture. At 12 h after abdominal puncture (group IId), the microvilli had nearly completely vanished and the mesothelium was breaking apart into multiple soils. Conclusions: In SEM analysis of parietal peritoneum, premature distortion, and disintegration of the mesothelial cell layer was observed in animals exposed to increased abdominal pressure in addition to gastric perforation-induced peritonitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Gastric perforation — Peritonitis — Laparoscopic versus open repair — Pneumoperitoneum — Abdominal sepsis — Septic shock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Laparoscopy is increasingly used in conditions complicated by peritonitis, e.g., peptic ulcer perforation. Of some theoretical concern is the capnoperitoneum, which may aggravate peritonitis and induce septic shock due to increased intraabdominal pressure and distension of the peritoneum. This animal study was devised to analyze the effectiveness of laparoscopic versus traditional open repair of gastric perforation and abdominal lavage for associated peritonitis. Methods: To simulate gastric perforation, female Duroc pigs were subjects to standardized gastrotomy. Either 6 or 12 h after gastric perforation, the animals underwent either traditional open or laparoscopic repair of the gastric defect and peritoneal lavage. The subjects were divided into the following four groups: peritonitis for 6 h and open surgery (group I) or laparoscopic surgery (group II); peritonitis for 12 h and open surgery (group III) or laparoscopic surgery (group IV). After an observation period of 6 days, the surviving animals were killed. The main outcome criteria were survival, perioperative changes of hemodynamics suggestive for septic shock, bacteremia, and endotoxemia. Results: There were no significant differences between group I and II. Mortality was 22% in group III, as compared to 78% in group IV (p= 0.045). In group IV, the incidence of perioperative bacteremia and plasma endotoxin concentrations were significantly higher than in group III. Concomitantly, decreased mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance, and increased cardiac output suggested a higher incidence of septic shock in group IV. Conclusion: Critical appraisal of laparoscopic surgery is warranted in conditions associated with severe, longstanding peritonitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Chronic pancreatitis ; Drainage. ; Schlüsselwörter: Chronische Pankreatitis ; Drainage.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die intraduktale und intraparenchymatöse Hypertension sind die Basis für die chirurgische Drainage in der Behandlung der chronischen Pankreatitis. Dabei sind „einfache“ Drainageverfahren wie die longitudinale Pancreaticojejunostomie nach Partington-Rochelle von „erweiterten“ Drainageoperationen, wie z. B. der Kombination aus longitudinaler Pancreaticojejunostomie mit einer limitierten lokalen Pankreaskopfexcision, zu unterscheiden. Dieses „erweiterte“ Drainageverfahren nach Frey führt gleichermaßen sicher wie resezierende Verfahren zur dauerhaften Schmerzfreiheit und zur Beherrschung Pankreatitis-assoziierter Komplikationen benachbarter Organe wie einer Gallengang- oder einer Duodenalstenose. Dabei stellt ein entzündlicher Pankreaskopftumor keine Kontraindikation dar. Gleichzeitig kann im Unterschied zu „einfachen“ Drainageverfahren intraoperativ ein Pankreascarcinom zuverlässig ausgeschlossen werden. Mit der Operation nach Frey kann bei geringer perioperativer Morbidität und ohne Letalität eine deutliche Verbesserung der Lebensqualität und eine gute soziale und berufliche Rehabilitation erzielt werden.
    Notes: Summary. Intraductal and intraparenchymal hypertension represent the rationale for surgical drainage procedures in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis. “Simple” drainage procedures such as longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy according to Partington-Rochelle have to be distinguished from “extended” drainage operations, e. g. the combination of longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy with limited local excision of the pancreatic head. This “extended” drainage procedure according to Frey is just as effective as resective procedures in terms of persistent pain relief and definitive management of pancreatitis-associated complications of adjacent organs, i. e. distal common bile duct and duodenal stenosis. This operation also addresses an inflammatory mass in the pancreatic head. In contrast to “simple” drainage procedures the Frey operation allows reliable exclusion of pancreatic carcinoma. With low perioperative morbidity and zero mortality the Frey procedure significantly improves quality of life and leads to social and occupational rehabilitation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopic surgery ; Partial gastrectomy ; Duodenal ulcer. ; Schlüsselwörter: Laparoskopische Chirurgie ; Magenresektion ; Ulcus duodeni.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Bei einem Patienten mit rezidivierendem Ulcusleiden und Blutungskomplikationen unter medikamentöser Therapie wurde eine laparoskopische 2/3-Resektion des Magens mit intracorporaler Anastomose nach Roux-Y durchgeführt. Die Operation ließ sich ohne größere Schwierigkeiten in 3 Std bei einem Blutverlust von 〈 10 ml fertigstellen. Der 6tägige postoperative Krankenhausaufenthalt verlief unkompliziert, der weitere Verlauf von bisher 2 Monaten ebenfalls. Diese Operation wie auch eine Durchsicht der in der Literatur publizierten Ergebnisse haben uns gezeigt, daß eine Magenresektion in geeigneten Fällen durchaus laparoskopisch durchgeführt werden kann.
    Notes: Summary. In a patient with recurrent ulcer disease under medication, which was complicated by episodes of bleeding, a laparoscopic partial gastric resection with intracorporal Roux-en-Y anastomosis was performed. The operation was completed within 3 h with blood loss 〈 10 ml. The postoperative hospital stay of 6 days was uncomplicated as was the further follow-up (2 months so far). This operation and the study of results published in the literature showed us that a gastric resection can certainly be performed laparoscopically in the appropriate patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Haemosuccus pancreaticus ; Bleeding ; Pancreas ; Chronic pancreatitis. ; Schlüsselwörter: Haemosuccus pancreaticus ; Blutung ; Pankreas ; chronische Pankreatitis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Haemosuccus pancreaticus ist eine seltene Ursache einer oberen gastrointestinalen Blutung. Die chronische Pankreatitis mit ihren Komplikationen der Pseudocysten- oder Pseudoaneurysmenbildung stellt die häufigste Ursache einer spontanen Blutung aus dem Pankreasgang dar. Wir berichten über 2 Fälle einer intestinalen Blutung als Erstmanifestation einer chronischen Pankreatitis, bei denen die Diagnose einer chronischen Pankreatitis zum Zeitpunkt der Blutung nicht bekannt war und sich in der Anamnese kein Hinweis auf eine chronische Pankreatitis fand.
    Notes: Summary. Haemosuccus pancreaticus is an unfrequent but known cause of an upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Pathogenesis of spontaneous severe hemorrhage of the pancreatic duct includes chronic pancreatitis generated pseudocysts or aneurysms of the visceral arteries. We present two cases of severe spontaneous gastrointestinal bleeding as a first manifestation of chronic pancreatitis, in which the diagnosis chronic pancreatitis was not known and the patients denied any gastrointestinal symptoms in their medical history at the time of hemorrhage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 11 (1997), S. 734 -736 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Nonparasitic liver cysts — laparoscopic deroofing — omental transposition flap
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Between 1991 and November 1994, 18 patients with large, solitary, nonparasitic liver cysts underwent laparoscopic deroofing; the last 13 of them also received an omental transposition flap in addition. Methods: Using three to four trocars, the cystic contents were first aspirated, and the cyst derooted widely using diathermia. An omental transposition flap was fashioned and stapled into the cyst cavity itself. Results: Postoperative complications included one case of pulmonary atelectasis. Another patient developed a subhepatic bile collection which was aspirated percutaneously. On average, patients were discharged on the 4th (2–14) postoperative day. Follow-up was performed with abdominal ultrasound for 2–43 months (mean 19 months). There were two early cyst recurrences, both in cases without an omental transposition flap (overall recurrence rate, 11%; in patients with omental flap, 0). Conclusions: Deroofing in combination with an omental transposition flap is a safe and effective therapy for symptomatic solitary liver cysts and can be performed using minimal-access surgical techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Perforated gastroduodenal ulcer ; Laparoscopic surgical repair ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Peritonitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Laparoscopic surgical repair of perforated gastroduodenal ulcer is technically feasible. To study the effect of a pneumoperitoneum on the extent and severity of peritonitis this animal study was devised. In rats gastric ulceration was induced by instillation of ethanol (50%, 2 ml) and followed by gastrotomy to simulate perforation. Animals were randomly allocated to pneumoperitoneum (PP) and control groups. In PP groups CO2 was insufflated intraperitoneally 6, 9, 12, and 24 h after gastrotomy. In controls the abdomen was only punctured. Animals were sacrificed 5 h after the end of PP or abdominal puncture. Blood cultures and intraabdominal swabs were assessed. A peritonitis severity score (PSS) based on histologies from peritoneum, liver, left kidney, spleen, and first jejunal loop was estimated. Six and 9 h after gastrotomy no significant differences between the PP and control groups were observed; 12 h after gastrotomy cultures of blood samples and abdominal swabs were positive in 67% and 75% in the PP group compared to 42% (P〈0.05), and 42% (P〈0.05) in controls. The mean PSS was 20.8 (standard deviation [SD] 2.2) in the PP group compared to 11.3 (1.5) (P〈0.01) in controls; 24 h after gastrotomy cultures of blood samples and abdominal swabs were positive in 83% and 100% in the PP group compared to 42% (P〈0.05) and 50% (P〈0.01) in controls. The mean PSS was 22.1 (1.5) in the PP group compared to 11.8 (2.4) (P〈0.01) in the controls. In rats a pneumoperitoneum aggravates the extent and severity of peritonitis, when the interval between gastric ulcer perforation and pneumoperitoneum lasts 12 h or longer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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