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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MRI ; Glioblastoma ; Astrocytoma ; Grading ; Classification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to obtain an MRI severity-related classification of diffuse astrocytic tumours able to integrate the histological data in the grading of such tumours. We studied presurgical MR images of 91 patients with a histological diagnosis of astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma. A score ranging from 1 to 3 was assigned by two independent readers to each of the following MR features: oedema, mass effect, contrast enhancement, borders, signal homogeneity, necrosis, haemorrhage and flow void. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in the mean MRI scores between the three histological grades. Contrast enhancement was found to be the best predictor of the histological grade followed by necrosis, signal homogeneity and border scores. This classification represents a simple and reproducible means of carefully evaluating some macroscopic characteristics of these tumours. It could be used to integrate histological data especially in cases in which tissue sampling defects may affect the validity of this examination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Echotomography ; traditional angiography ; atherosclerosis ; carotid lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixty-three patients (115 carotid arteries) have been examined first by Dopplersonography, then by echotomography and finally by angiography using the Seldinger technique. The comparison between echotomography and angiography showed a sensitivity of 0.9, a specificity of 0.7 and a accuracy of 0.8. There have been 15 false positive results; in 14 of them the lesions were lower than 10% of lumen reduction and in one case there was a 10–45% stenosis. It seems that echotomography can better estimate lower degree lesions. It was difficult for echotomography to detect correctly the presence of an occlusion and to evaluate the surface aspect mainly in the presence of ulcerations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 17 (1967), S. 126-139 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bericht über die fotoszintigraphischen Befunde bei 244 Fällen, die mit Hg203 und Tc99 gewonnen worden sind. Obwohl die Autoren bei Hirntumoren in einem hohen Prozentsatz (bei 64 von 65) einen positiven Befund erhoben, erscheint es ihnen schwieriger, mit der Szintigraphie eine Tumorartdiagnose zu stellen als mit der Gammaenzephalographie. Bei den nicht tumorbedingten raumbeengenden intrakraniellen Prozessen wurden positive Befunde bei 10 von 14 Fällen erzielt. Die Autoren vertreten die Ansicht, daß hier die übrigen neuroradiologischen Untersuchungsverfahren in diagnostischer Hinsicht der Szintigraphie überlegen sind. Von großem Interesse sind die Befunde, die bei Patienten mit zerebraler Erweichung (33 Fälle) erhoben werden konnten. Bei dieser Art Läsion werden die Befunde von dem 6. Tag an positiv, erreichen das Maximum der Aktivitätsanreicherung zwischen dem 15. und 30. Tag und bleiben für etwa 2 Monate positiv. Die Autoren gehen auf Besonderheiten derjenigen Befunde ein, die zur Differentialdiagnose zwischen Hirntumoren und zerebralen Erweichungen von Bedeutung sein können.
    Abstract: Summary The authors present the results of photo-scinti-graphic investigations using Hg203 and Tc99 in 244 patients. A high number of positive results (64 cases out of 65) were observed with brain tumours, but the authors consider that it is more difficult to determine the nature of the tumour with scintigraphic methods as compared with gamma-scanning. The positive results obtained with non-neoplastic masses (10 cases out of 14) suggest that in this type of lesion neuroradiological techniques are diagnostically superior to scintigraphic ones. The results obtained with cerebral softenings (33 cases) are described. This type of lesion becomes positive about 6 days after it's onset, maximum activity is reached in 15–30 days and the lesion remains active for about 2 months. The authors have observed characteristics of this source of hyperactivity and they discuss the relevant factors for a differential diagnosis by scintigraphic means between cerebral softenings and tumours.
    Notes: Riassunto Gli AA presentano i risultati ottenuti con la fotoscintigrafia con Hg203 e Tc99 in 244 casi. Dopo aver osservato l'elevata positività con cui vengono diagnosticati i tumori cerebrali (64 casi su 65), gli autori considerano come sia più difficile con la scintigrafia rispetto alla gammaencefalografia porre una diagnosi di natura del tumore. I risultati positivi ottenuti nelle lesioni espansive non tumorali (10 casi su 14) suggeriscono che in questo tipo di lesioni le tecniche neuroradiologiche hanno un potere diagnostico superiore alla scintigrafia. Infine agli autori si soffermano su risultati ottenuti nei rammollimenti cerebrali (33 casi); questo tipo di lesione diventa positiva a partire dalla 6° giornata, raggiunge la massima attività di captazione tra il 15 e il 30 giorno e rimane positiva per circa 2 mesi. Vengono segnalate alcune caratteristiche di questi focolai di ipercaptazione e discussi gli elementi utili per una diagnosi differenziale tra positività della scintigrafia nei rammollimenti cerebrali e nei tumori.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 39 (1977), S. 269-273 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of upper cervical extradural neurinoma in a teenage girl is reported. The value of investigating the spinal arteries in such lesions is stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Posterior fossa surgery ; sitting position ; tension pneumocephalus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirty patients subjected to posterior fossa surgery in the sitting position were evaluated postoperatively by CT scans in order to assess the true incidence of pneumocephalus and subsequent development, if any, of tension pneumocephalus. This prospective survey shows that the postoperative incidence of intracranial air was 100%, while no progression towards tension pneumocephalus producing severe neurological deterioration was observed. It can thus be claimed that, although the sitting position may favour the development of tension pneumocephalus also other factors contribute to its pathogenesis. Finally, neither nitrous oxide nor temperature play any significant role in the development of this complication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Acute ischaemic stroke ; internal carotid artery occlusion ; extracranial internal carotid artery dissection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied by angiography 80 patients within 6 hours from the onset of symptoms of supratentorial ischaemic stroke. Occlusion of the internal carotid artery in the extracranial segment was found in 19 patients, at the bifurcation in 11 and at the cervical level in 8. While in the chronic phase of stroke, internal carotid artery occlusion in the cervical segment is an uncommon angiographic finding, we found a high frequency of occlusion at this level (8 out of 19) in our patients. Cervical segment occlusion may be due to a dissecting aneurysm or to an intracranial carotid artery occlusion (embolic or atherothrombotic) with subsequent migration of the clot down to this level. A direct embolic occlusion may be postulated as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: cerebral sinus thrombosis ; paratyphi infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Una ragazza di 20 anni è stata ricoverata presso il nostro dipartimento 15 giorni dopo l'inizio di una febbre tifoide trattata con cloranfenicolo. All'entrata la paziente presentava come complicanza dell'infezione un quadro di ipertensione endocranica con episodi comiziali di tipo generalizzato, una lieve emisindrome motoria destra, un deficit del sesto nervo cranico sinistro con diplopia. La risonanza magnetica nucleare (RMN) mostrava occlusione del seno longitudinale superiore, del seno trasverso e sigmoideo di destra ed un'area di infarcimento emorragico in sede parieto-occipitale sinistra. La siero-diagnosi risultò positiva per la salmonella paratifi A e B. L'esame del liquor e l'emocoltura risultarono negativi. I dati clinici e strumentali (RMN) dimostrano che i sintomi neurologici sono il risultato di trombosi asettica cerebrale e non di infiammazione meningea o vascolare. Sono discussi i meccanismi fisiopatologici del caso.
    Notes: Abstract A 20 year old woman was admitted to our Department 15 days after the onset of typhoid fever treated with chloramphenicol. The patient showed intracranial hypertension with generalized seizures, slight right hemiparesis and a left VI cranial nerve deficit with diplopia. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed occlusion of the superior longitudinal, right transverse, right sigmoid sinus combined with a single hemorrhagic infarct in the left occipito-parietal area. Serum tests were positive for Salmonella Paratyphi A and B. The results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination were normal and blood cultures were negative. Clinical data, laboratory and MRI examinations indicate that the neurological signs are the result of aseptic cerebral sinus thrombosis; the physiopathologic mechanisms of the case are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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