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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auranofin and gold sodium thiomalate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A one-year, double-blind, comparative multicenter study (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Auranofin ; Gold sodium thiomalate ; Rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a 48-week, double-blind trial, 122 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with auranofin (60) and gold sodium thiomalate (GST) (62) at five centers. Both groups showed significant improvement (P〈0.05) from baseline in parameters of disease activity. Results of the covariance analysis for all patients who completed the trial showed no significant differences (P〈0.05) in efficacy between the two groups. The proportions of patients showing 50% or greater improvement in tender joints, swollen joints, activity index, severity of pain, general health rating, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were similar for both auranofin-treated and GST-treated patients who completed the 48-week trial. When all patients who entered the trial were evaluated, a slightly greater proportion of patients on auranofin had improved. Diarrhea occurred more frequently with auranofin (32%) compared to GST (19%), whereas rash and pruritus were twice as common in those patients treated with GST compared to those treated with auranofin. The withdrawal rate due to adverse reactions was 10% for auranofin vs 26% for GST. It was concluded that the efficacy of auranofin was comparable to that of injectable gold and was better tolerated, as evidenced by the lower withdrawal rate from adverse events for the auranofin patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01727786
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alprostadil (PGE 1) und Cyclosporin A zur Behandlung der Vaskulitis bei rheumatoider Arthritis (1997)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 56 (1997), S. 89-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 0340-1855
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Vaskulitis bei rheumatoider Arthritis ; chronische Polyarthritis ; Cyclosporin A ; Alprostadil ; Key words Vasculitis ; rheumatoid arthritis ; Cyclosporin A ; Alprostadil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine 56jährige Patientin mit chronischer Polyarthritis und histologisch verifizierter Vaskulitis mit Nagelfalznekrosen und Fingerendgliedgangrän an beiden Händen sowie Hautulzera an beiden Unterschenkeln wurde über 16 Wochen mit Cyclosporin A, Prednisolon und Alprostadil behandelt. Unter dieser immunsuppressiven Therapie kam es zu einer klinisch relevanten Verbesserung der akralen Mikroperfusion mit vollständiger Remission der Nagelfalznekrosen und der gangränösen Fingerendglieder. Die tiefen Ulzera an beiden Unterschenkeln konnten infolge verbesserter Gewebsperfusion ausgranulieren und durch proliferatives Deckbindegewebe geschlossen werden, die anfänglich hochpositiven immunologischen Parameter CIC, CRP sowie die Zahl der aktivierten T-Zellen normalisierten sich.
    Notes: Summary A 56-year old female patient with rheumatoid arthritis and histologically verifiable vasculitis with necrosis around the nail bed and distal phalanx gangrene on both hands as well as skin ulcers on both thighs was treated over 16 weeks with Cyclosporin A, glucocorticoids and Alprostadil. This immunosuppressive therapy resulted in a clinically relevant improvement of acral microperfusion with complete remission of nail bed necrosis and of gangrenous distal phalanxes. Due to improved tissue perfusion the deep ulcers on both thighs could granulate and were closed by proliferative connective tissue, and the high-positive immunological parameters CIC, CRP and the number of activated T-cells normalized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003930050025
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of NAP-1/IL-8 in Synovial Fluids Indicates a Possible Pathogenic Role in Rheumatoid Arthritis (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 34 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The synovial fluid in affected joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients contains many cells, in numbers strongly correlated with the severity of disease. As the disease worsens and the cell count increases, the polymorphonuclear leucocyte becomes the predominant cell type. Although the inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 (IL-I) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) have no direct neutrophil-attractant activity, they are both potent inducers of interleukin 8(IL-8) in a variety of cell types, Chemotactic attraction of neutrophils is a major activity of IL-8.Examination of a number of synovial fluids showed that significant levels of IL-8 art present in a high proportion of R A cases (10 out of 17). at concentrations directly related to the number of cells in the joint, and to circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The cytokine is present only at background levels in other diseases accompanied by arthritic manifestations, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and induced arthritis. The progressive joint destruction seen in all cases where high IL-8 levels were measured, coupled with the neutrophil-rich cell count and the strong correlation between concentration of IL-8 and both serum CRP and cellular influx into the joint, is strongly suggestive of a pathogenic role for IL-S in RA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01554.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association Between Female Sex Hormones and Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in Peri- and Postmenopausal Women (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 62 (1998), S. 388-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Urinary Crosslaps — Serum C-terminal propeptide of type I collagen — Urinary deoxypyridinoline — serum estradiol — Menopause — serum osteocalcin — Urinary total pyridinoline.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In an epidemiological study, markers of bone formation (serum osteocalcin and C-terminal propeptide of type I collagen) and bone resorption [urinary type I collagen peptides (Crosslaps), urinary total pyridinoline (TPYRI), urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPYRI) as well as female sex hormones (serum estradiol)], follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone were measured in 237 women. This cohort aged 44–66 years, came for their first medical examination since menopause to the outpatient menopause clinic at the Kaiser-Franz-Josef-Hospital, Vienna. The women were all 0.5–5.0 years since cessation of menses and were not taking medications other than hormone replacement therapy [52 cases, 21.9%)] and had no diseases known to affect bone and mineral metabolism. The best correlation was found between urinary DPYRI and urinary TPYRI (r = 0.63, P= 0.0001), followed by urinary Crosslaps and urinary DPYRI (r = 0.47, p = 0.0001). Only weak but significant correlations between E2 and urinary Crosslaps (r =−0.21, P 〈 0.0001) as well as serum E2 and serum osteocalcin (r =−0.16, P= 0.0007), were observed. Of the 237 women 53% suffered from a severe E2 deficiency (E2 〈 10.0 ng/liter). In these patients, urinary Crosslaps (+48%) and serum osteocalcin (+22%) were significantly higher (P 〈 0.0001) compared with those patients with E2 levels 〉 10 ng/liter. Women with E2 levels 〉10 ng/liter were further subdivided into those with and without sex hormone replacement therapy, whereby no statistical differences in any of the biochemical markers could be observed between these groups. We could clearly demonstrate that in postmenopausal women suffering from severe E2 deficiency (E2 〈 10 ng/liter), urinary Crosslaps and serum osteocalcin are significantly increased, indicating in principle a clear correlation between E2 deficiency and these markers of bone turnover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900450
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-IL-8 autoantibodies and complexes in rheumatoid arthritis: polyclonal activation in chronic synovial tissue inflammation (1999)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 18 (1999), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Rheumatoid arthritis ; Interleukin-8 ; Autoantibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) is frequently associated with inflammatory diseases, and autoantibodies against IL-8 are present in the periphery at elevated levels in such conditions as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Circulating free anti-IL-8 IgG autoantibodies correlate with inflammatory parameters and disease severity in RA. In this study, correlations were sought between these disease parameters and other antibody subclasses. We assayed IgM, IgA and IgG anti-IL-8 antibodies and IL-8 immunoglobulin immune complexes in the serum of 29 healthy controls and 56 patients with defined RA, and compared the results with clinical and humoral disease parameters. IgG and IgM antibodies directed against IL-8 were present in all samples. In the disease groups, all isotypes of free anti-IL-8 antibodies correlated with increasing humoral disease parameters like CRP and CIC and their related anti-IL-8 immune complexes. Samples which contained high titers of anti-IL-8 antibody subclasses and complexes were RF subclass-positive, while IgM RF-negative sera showed low levels of anti-IL-8 and complexes. Detectable levels of IgG and IgA RF were found in all sera. Patients with extra-articular organ manifestation showed significantly increased free IgA and IgA/IL-8 complexes, with no correlation to the IgA RF titer or IgA hypergamma-globulinemia. The highest titers were seen in two RA cases with vasculitis and in one patient with colitis. Polyclonal activation of the humoral antibody system, which normally precedes the resolution of an inflammatory response, can itself lead to secondary stimulation of inflammatory processes via immune complex formation. In the immune pathology of RA, it degenerates into a persistent chronic inflammation accompanied by progressive joint destruction. The presence of elevated IgA subclass anti-IL-8 autoantibodies in RA patients with extra-articular manifestations suggests these autoantibodies as a clinically useful marker of disease severity and extra-articular manifestations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002960050073
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