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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Aneurysm – Intracranial – Angiography – Digital subtraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We evaluated three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of 200 ° rotational digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images for their contributions to improving the safety of endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms. Standard DSA and 200 ° rotational DSA were performed in 40 adult patients (aged 21–77 years) with 45 intracranial aneurysms. Information obtainable from standard DSA and 3D-DSA images about aneurysm shape and size was compared. In 40 (89 %) of the 45 aneurysms 3D-DSA gave additional information about the anatomy of the aneurysm. In 17 (43 %) of these cases aneurysm anatomy could be visualized better on 3D-DSA than on standard DSA images. In three cases only 3D-DSA images showed blood vessels originating from the aneurysm. Reconstructed 3D images were also helpful in visualizing partially clipped aneurysms. On maximum-intensity projection images it was even possible to depict previously embolized aneurysms. Blood vessels originating from the aneurysm are visible on 3D-DSA images, and even previously clipped aneurysms can be visualized well. Rotational DSA with 3D reconstruction is a helpful tool in the assessment of intracranial aneurysms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Cranial nerves – MR imaging – Pulse sequences – 3D MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of the three-dimensional constructive interference of steady state (3D CISS) sequence (slice thickness 0.7 mm) and that of the T2-weighted fast spin echo (T2-weighted FSE) sequence (slice thickness 3 mm) for the visualization of all cranial nerves in their cisternal course. Twenty healthy volunteers were examined using the T2-weighted FSE and the 3D CISS sequences. Three observers evaluated independently the cranial nerves NI–NXII in their cisternal course. The rates for successful visualization of each nerve for 3D CISS (and for T2-weighted FSE in parentheses) were as follows: NI, NII, NV, NVII, NVIII 40 of 40 (40 of 40), NIII 40 of 40 (18 of 40), NIV 19 of 40 (3 of 40), NVI 39 of 40 (5 of 40), NIX, X, XI 40 of 40 (29 of 40), and NXII 40 of 40 (4 of 40). Most of the cranial nerves can be reliably assessed when using the 3D CISS and the T2-weighted FSE sequences. Increasing the spatial resolution when using the 3D CISS sequence increases the reliability of the identification of the cranial nerves NIII–NXII.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Cerebral aneurysms; endovascular treatment; interdisciplinary therapy; posterior circulation; vertebro-basilar arteries.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  The authors report on a series of 100 posterior circulation aneurysms managed by surgical and endovascular procedures. The series consisted of 41 elective admissions more than 14 days after SAH or for unruptured aneurysms and 59 acute admissions after subarachnoid haemorhage (SAH).  In this first interdisciplinary series after the introduction of electrolytically detachable coils, surgical clipping was maintained as treatment of choice in good grade patients while endovascular therapy was primarily offered for patients in poor clinical grade or if the aneurysm was judged difficult to be accessed surgically. A total of 70 patients underwent aneurysm elimination, 54 surgically and 16 by the endovascular route. In 30 patients the aneurysm was not treated, either because of persisting grade 5 WFNS after SAH or because the risk of treatment appeared excessive with some complex unruptured aneurysms. A complication leading to permanent morbidity or mortality occurred after 5 surgical and 1 endovascular procedure (8.6%). Regarding overall management results after acute SAH, 14 of the total of 59 patients admitted with acute SAH died, corresponding to a management mortality of 24%.  Although the present series cannot provide statistically firm conclusions, the authors believe from the actual experience and the accumulating literature, that the principal complementary aspect of the two treatment modalities is aneurysm location. Size and shape do not appear to be a primary factor to favour one or the other modality. The hope that endovascular therapy improves the prognosis of poor grade patients with posterior circulation aneurysms probably has been overstated. The good results of endovascular treatment with small narrow-necked aneurysms on proximal arteries of the posterior circulation, as seen in the present series and as reported in the accumulating literature, suggest that in future surgical and endovascular treatment should be considered as alternatives in these special cases while in large and broad-necked aneurysms surgery should be considered first.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 78 (1985), S. 136-141 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral aneurysms ; basilar artery ; therapeutic embolization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Some vertebro-basilar aneurysm may not be treatable at a reasonable risk by direct clipping. A possible alternative is transvascular obliteration, using the means of modern interventional neuroradiology in combination with neurophysiological monitoring. These possibilites and related difficulties are outlined and discussed and the example of two cases with different types of vertebrobasilar aneurysms (top of the basilar artery and basilar trunk aneurysm) which have been treated by balloon embolization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Karotis-Sinus-cavernosus-Fistel ; Antikoagulation ; Venenthrombose ; Venöser Infarkt ; A-V-Malformation ; Key words Carotid cavernous fistula ; Anticoagulation ; Venous thrombosis ; Venous infarct ; A-V malformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Dural carotid cavernous fistulas (DCCF) can be associated with venous thrombosis. We report on a rare case of a patient who developed a venous infarct, which was diagnosed on CT and MRI. The DCCF predominantly drained through a frontobasal cortical vein into the superior sagittal sinus. The shunt volume was small and was therefore thought not to be sufficient to explain the massive ocular signs, such as severe exophthalmus and reduction of visual acuity. We therefore postulated a venous congestion owing to a secondary spontaneous venous thrombosis of the draining venous pathways to be responsible for the ocular signs. Under anticoagulative medication, the patient's signs and symptoms improved gradually. Control angiography after 3 months showed that the DCCF had disappeared. In the presence of DCCF, anticoagulation should always be considered when a venous thrombosis is suspected.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Durale Karotis-Sinus-cavernosus-Fisteln (DCCF) können mit einer Venenthrombose vergesellschaftet sein. Wir berichten über 1 Patientin mit einer DCCF, die einen ausgedehnten venösen Infarkt entwickelte. Die Drainage der DCCF erfolgte überwiegend über eine frontobasale Vene in den Sinus sagittalis superior. Das geringe Shuntvolumen der DCCF konnte die ausgeprägte okulare Symptomatik mit deutlichem Exophthalmus und erheblicher sekundärer Visusverschlechterung nicht erklären. Daher gingen wir von einer spontanen Thrombose im Bereich der Drainagewege der DCCF aus und haben die Patientin antikoaguliert. Unter dieser Therapie bildeten sich Exophthalmus und Visusstörung rasch zurück. In der Kontrollangiographie nach 3 Monaten war die DCCF nicht mehr nachweisbar. Eine Antikoagulation sollte bei vorliegender DCCF immer dann erwogen werden, wenn eine ausgeprägte venöse Thrombose vermutet wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Polarized deuteron beams may be obtained from metastable atomic beams by quenching three of the six hyperfinestructure levels. Using a field distribution which crosses zero on the beam axis the occupation numbers of the hyperfinestructure levels may be changed by a nonadiabatic process. The special conditions for this magnetic field are discussed by comparing the corresponding Larmor frequency of the metastable atoms with the angular frequency of the magnetic field vector. Experimental investigations were carried out for field gradients between 1.9 and 5.4 Oe/cm and for superposed homogeneous transverse fields of up to 6 Oe. With deuterons a tensorpolarization ofP 33=−0.70±0.01 was obtained at a negative ion beam current of 42 nA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 224 (1969), S. 486-500 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An experimental method to produce polarized negative hydrogen ions is discussed and compared with other methods. The method makes use of the different lifetimes of the metastable 2S 1/2 state and the 2P 1/2 state of the hydrogen atom. Polarized ion beams are obtained by using a selective quenching process followed by selective ionisation. Experimental results are given for the intensity and polarization of the polarized negative ion beam of deuterons. These results were obtained as a function of the quenching-field, the magnetic field in the argon-cell and the density of argon and cesium. The yield of negative ions can be expressed by the cross sections for the different charge exchange reactions in argon. The measured tensorpolarisationP 33 can be interpreted as a function of the cross sections, the argon-density and the magnetic field along the beam axis. Beams of 50 nA intensity were produced with a polarization ofP 33=−0.250±0.006. The main advantage of this method is a low beam emittance, values of 0.7 cm rad eV1/2 were achieved. The production of a polarized positive deuteron beam seems to be possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 235 (1970), S. 453-462 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The three-particle reactionp+d→p+p+n has been investigated at a deuteron bombarding energy of 52.0 MeV. Single counter experiments as well as coincidence measurements have been carried out. The laboratory angular distribution of the break-up reaction and the total break-up cross-section have been determined by means of the single counter experiments. The angular distribution for final-state interacting neutron-proton pairs was obtained by means of coincidence measurements. The coincidence experiments provide a strong evidence for very different shapes of the angular distributions for neutron-proton singlet and triplet final-state interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 230 (1970), S. 383-390 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The elastic deuteron-deuteron scattering and the reactionsd(d,p)t andd(d,3He)n have been investigated at an incident deuteron energy of 51.5 MeV. Time-of-flight technique was used for the particle identification. The observed angular distributions for the (d, p) and (d, n) reaction are identical within the accuracy of the experimental data. The experimental results for the reactiond(d, p)t are compared with a theoretical prediction based on the application of a generalized separable potential model to the four nucleon systems. Information on the single deuteron break-up reactiond+d→d+p+n and on the double deuteron break-up reactiond+d→p+p+n+n is contained in the observed continuous proton and deuteron spectra. The double break-up seems to be contribute only with a rather small amount to the whole break-up cross section.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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