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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contrast enhancement in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a predictive factor for long-term survival? (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 306-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050590
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface impedance of YBa2Cu3O7−x thin film grain boundary Josephson junctions: Evaluation of the IcRn product (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 4581-4587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temperature and the dc magnetic field dependence of the effective surface impedance Zs of epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films on [001] tilt SrTiO3 bicrystals with tilt angles of 36.8° and 24° have been investigated at 87 GHz. The effects of the grain boundaries become increasingly important with decreasing characteristic voltage IcRn and increasing unit areal normal resistance RnA. The boundaries can consistently be described with a resistively shunted Josephson transmission line model taking into account the effect of finite film thickness. Thermal or magnetic loading of the junction leads to additional losses, whereas the effective microwave penetration depth exhibits a specific extremal behavior. From the magnetic response of Zs at 4.2 K, the junction lower critical fields as well as the values of IcRn and RnA can be deduced. The data agree well with dc transport measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355953
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single layer YBa2Cu3O7 radio frequency SQUID magnetometers with direct-coupled pickup coils and flip-chip flux transformers (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 3380-3382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Our aim has been to further improve the magnetic field resolution, BN, of single-layer rf SQUID magnetometers operating in liquid nitrogen. Following the approaches recently introduced in dc SQUIDs, we tested designs with direct-coupled pickup coils having an area Ap=0.6 to 0.8 cm2, and a single-layer thin-film flip-chip flux transformer with Ap=16 cm2. In conditions of still suboptimal coupling between SQUID and the 150 MHz tank circuit, we attained BN(approximately-equal-to)90 fT/Hz1/2 above 3–4 Hz at Ap=0.8 cm2, and BN(approximately-equal-to)24 fT/Hz1/2 above 0.5 Hz when Ap=16 cm2. For rf SQUID with lumped-element tank circuit, we project the lower BN limit to be ≤50 fT/Hz1/2 at Ap≤1 cm2. This might be attainable through further coupling optimization, and increase of tank frequency to the highest possible value of ≥500 MHz. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112398
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Granular behaviour of electrophoretic YBa"2Cu"3O"7"-"x coatings
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 104-107 (1992), S. 529-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-8853
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-8853(92)90910-G
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bildgebung von Labyrinth und Nervus vestibularis Klinische Bedeutung für die Differentialdiagnose vestibulärer Erkrankungen (1997)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 68 (1997), S. 443-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Magnetresonanztomographie ; Computertomographie ; Felsenbein ; Schwindel ; Benigner peripherer paroxysmaler Lagerungsschwindel ; Neuritis vestibularis ; Vestibularisparoxysmie ; Cogan-Syndrom ; Key words Vertigo ; Vestibular neuritis ; Benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo ; Bilateral vestibulopathy ; Menière’s disease ; Traumatic vertigo ; Cogan’s syndrom ; Vestibular paroxysmia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary High resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) and computed tomography (HR-CT) of the inner ear are becoming more important for the diagnosis of peripheral vestibular lesions. Modern HR-MRI techniques allow visualization of detailed anatomic features of the vestibulo-cochlear regions as well as pathologic findings in the inner ear such as, neoplastic lesions (e.g., small intracanalicular acoustic neuromas), anomalies causing vertigo and hearing loss (e.g. Mondini’ s-malformation, perilymph fistula, vestibular paroxysmia), and inflammatory diseases (e.g., Cogan’s syndrome, labyrinthitis, zoster neuritis). HR-CT is still the first examination that should be performed in patients with middle ear diseases (e.g., tumor, infection), trauma (e.g. temporal bone fractures), or fibro-osseous diseases. Although the imaging of the vestibulo-cochlear system has dramatically improved, there are still several peripheral vestibular disorders that cannot be visualized so far, e.g., benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo, idopathic vestibular neuritis or Menière’s disease.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der hochauflösenden Magnetresonanztomographie und Computertomographie des Felsenbeins lassen sich aufgrund neuer methodischer Entwicklungen inzwischen folgende peripher-vestibulären Erkrankungen zuverlässig nachweisen: Raumforderungen im Kleinhirnbrückenwinkel, inneren Gehörgang (z.B. Akustikusneurinom), Mittelohr (z.B. Cholesteatom), ferner posttraumatische Schwindelformen durch Felsenbeinfrakturen sowie die „Pseudoneuritis vestibularis” durch faszikuläre Läsionen des N. vestibularis in der Eintrittszone in den Hirnstamm (MS-Plaques oder ischämische Läsionen). Wichtig ist die Bildgebung für die Diagnostik von entzündlichen (z.B. Labyrinthitis, Cogan-Syndrom), hereditären (z.B. Mondini-Alexander-Dysplasie) oder neoplastischen (z.B. Meningeosis carcinomatosa) Innenohrerkrankungen sowie der Vestibularisparoxysmie (durch Gefäß-Nerv-Kontakt), Labyrinthfistel, nichtidiopathischen Neuritis vestibularis (z.B. durch Herpes zoster) und Labyrinthkontusion. Der bildgebenden Diagnostik entziehen sich bislang noch der benigne periphere paroxysmale Lagerungsschwindel, der M. Menière und die idiopathische Neuritis vestibularis. In dieser Übersicht werden anhand vieler Fallbeispiele Möglichkeiten und Grenzen moderner bildgebender Verfahren bei der Diagnostik peripher-vestibulärer Erkrankungen mit dem Leitsymptom Schwindel aufgezeigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050147
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutathione accelerates sodium channel inactivation in excised rat axonal membrane patches (1992)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 421 (1992), S. 283-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: sodium channel ; axon ; glutathione ; metabolism ; reducing agent ; cysteine ; disulfide bridges
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of glutathione were studied on the gating behaviour of sodium channels in membrane patches of rat axons. Depolarizing pulses from −120 to −40 mV elicited sodium currents of up to 500 pA, indicating the simultaneous activation of up to 250 sodium channels. Inactivation of these channels in the excised, inside-out configuration was fitted by two time constants (τ h1=0.81 ms; τ h2= 5.03 ms) and open time histograms at 0 mV revealed a biexponential distribution of channel openings (τ short=0.28 ms; τ long=3.68 ms). Both, the slow time constant of inactivation and the long lasting single channel openings disappeared after addition of the reducing agent glutathione (2–5 mM) to the bathing solution. Sodium channels of excised patches with glutathione present on the cytoplasmatic face of the membrane had inactivation kinetics similar to channels recorded in the cell-attached configuration. These observations indicate that redox processes may contribute to the gating of axonal sodium channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374840
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of post-lumbar puncture syndrome reduced by reinserting the stylet: a randomized prospective study of 600 patients (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 245 (1998), S. 589-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Post-lumbar puncture syndrome ; Post-lumbar puncture headache ; “Sprotte’s atraumatic ; needle” ; Stylet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The post-lumbar puncture syndrome (PLPS) can best be explained by prolonged spinal fluid leakage owing to delayed closure of a dural defect. Its incidence after spinal anaesthesia is much lower than after diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP). This difference could be caused by a strand of arachnoid, which might enter the needle with the outflowing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during diagnostic LP and upon removal of the needle be threaded back through the dura to produce prolonged CSF leakage. To find a technique that further reduces the incidence of PLPS, this hypothesis was tested by evaluating the effect that reinserting the stylet before removing the needle had on the incidence of PLPS. By reinserting the stylet to the tip of the needle, the hypothesized strand would be pushed out, thereby reducing the frequency of PLPS. Sprotte’s “atraumatic needle” (21 gauge) was used for LP. A total of 600 patients participated in the prospective study. They were randomized into two groups and questioned about their complaints every day for up to 7 days after the LP. All LPs were performed by two experienced neurologists (T.B., M.S.). In 300 patients, the stylet was reinserted to the tip of the needle; in the other 300 it was not reinserted. Whereas 49 of the 300 patients without reinsertion developed PLPS, only 15 of the 300 patients with reinsertion did. This significant difference (16.3 vs 5.0%, P 〈 0.005, chi square test) supports our hypothesis. On the basis of our results, we recommend reinserting the stylet before removing the needle in order to reduce the incidence of PLPS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050250
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meningomyelitis in a case of toxocariasis with markedly isolated CSF eosinophilia and an MRI-documented thoracic cord lesion (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 741-744 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050446
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Innere Perilymphfistel” des anterioren Bogengangs Ein neues Krankheitsbild mit rezidivierenden Schwindelattacken (2000)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 71 (2000), S. 138-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Anteriorer Bogengang ; Oszillopsie ; Perilymphfistel ; Schwindel ; Tullio-Phänomen ; Key words Anterior semicircular canal ; Perilymphatic fistula ; Tullio's phenomenon ; Vertigo ; Vestibular system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 1998 Minor et al. described a new variant of perilymphatic fistula: the “superior canal dehiscence syndrome”. This syndrome is clinically characterized by recurrent attacks of vertigo and oscillopsia induced by loud noises or stimuli that result in changes in intracranial or middle ear pressure. It is caused by a dehiscence of bone overlying the superior (anterior) semicircular canal. Due to this dehiscence, a third, mobile window (in addition to the round and oval windows) is formed, and changes in pressure are pathologically transduced to the anterior semicircular canal. Although the superior canal dehiscence syndrome is not a rare condition, no other cases have yet been reported. Therefore, we describe a typical patient who suffered for many years from recurrent attacks of vertigo and oscillopsia induced by coughing and Valsalva's maneuvers. High resolution temporal bone CT scan showed a defect in the bone overlying the left anterior semicircular canal. Three-dimensional eye movement recordings using the search coil technique and subsequent vector analysis demonstrated that the eye movements were induced by excitation of the left anterior semicircular canal. We conclude that superior canal dehiscence syndrome is an important differential diagnosis in patients suffering from symptoms of a perilymphatic fistula, especially since it can be successfully treated by “plugging” of the affected semicircular canal. Such patients are thus spared unnecessary surgery of the middle ear.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Minor et al. beschrieben 1998 eine neue Form der Perilymphfistel: die “innere Labyrinthfistel des anterioren Bogengangs”. Pathologisch-anatomisch liegt dieser ein knöcherner Defekt im Bereich des anterioren Bogengangs (zum Epiduralraum hin) zugrunde. Pathophysiologisch führt der Knochendefekt zu einem dritten mobilen Fenster (neben dem runden und ovalen) und so zu einer pathologischen Druckübertragung zum Perilymphraum. Obwohl die innere Fistel offenbar nicht selten ist, liegen zu diesem neuen differentialdiagnostisch und therapeutisch wichtigen Krankheitsbild bislang keine weiteren Veröffentlichungen vor. Deshalb beschreiben wir exemplarisch einen typischen Patienten mit seit Jahren bestehenden, durch Husten und Pressen ausgelösten Schwindelattacken, bei dem sich im hochauflösenden CT ein Knochendefekt im oberen Anteil des linken anterioren Bogengangs fand. Übereinstimmend damit konnte mittels dreidimensionaler Analyse der durch Druckänderungen induzierten Augenbewegungen nachgewiesen werden, dass diese tatsächlich auf einer Erregung des linken anterioren Bogengangs beruhen. Bei Patienten mit den Symptomen einer Perilymphfistel sollte an die Möglichkeit einer inneren Labyrinthfistel gedacht werden, insbesondere um ihnen eine unnötige Operation im Bereich des Mittelohres zu ersparen und sie statt dessen ggf. einer angemessenen operativen Behandlung (sog. “Plugging”, d. h. Obliteration des anterioren Bogengangs) zuführen zu können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050021
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