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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of drug-drug interaction between three different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and omeprazole (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 399-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words NSAID ; Diclofenac ; Naproxen ; Piroxican ; Omeprazole ; Interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To study, in three separate investigations, the potential interaction between omeprazole and three different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; diclofenac, naproxen and piroxicam) in healthy male and female subjects. Methods: Each investigation was an open, randomized, three-way cross-over study, in which the subjects were given omeprazole 20 mg once daily for 1 week, the NSAID in therapeutic daily doses (diclofenac 50 mg bid, naproxen 250 mg bid, or piroxicam 10 mg om), or a combination of omeprazole and each NSAID. The plasma concentrations of the NSAID as well as of omeprazole were determined on the last day of each investigation period. Results: None of the NSAIDs studied had any effect on the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of omeprazole. It was also demonstrated that omeprazole 20 mg daily had no significant influence on the pharmacokinetics of the NSAIDs. The AUC ratio, (NSAID +omeprazole):NSAID alone, was 1.11, 0.99, and 0.99 for diclofenac, naproxen, and piroxicam, respectively. Conclusion: Diclofenac, naproxen, and piroxicam can be administered together with omeprazole 20 mg daily without need for dosage alteration. There was no significant change in the bioavailability of theses NSAIDs during omeprazole therapy in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050482
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intraduodenal infusion of a water-based levodopa dispersion for optimisation of the therapeutic effect in severe Parkinson's disease (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 45 (1993), S. 117-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; Levodopa ; intraduodenal infusion ; PLM-test ; video ratings ; plasma level response ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Motor performance of five patients with advanced Parkinson's disease was investigated during their optimum oral therapy (conventional tablets and/or depot capsules) and during a continuous duodenal infusion of levodopa. Due to the low water solubility of the drug, conventional tablets of levodopa + carbidopa (Sinemet®) were milled and dispersed in a 1.8% aqueous methylcellulose solution. The dispersion was delivered nasoduodenally by a portable pump. The effect of levodopa in the two dosing regimens was estimated optico-electronically every 15 min and was also evaluated from videorecordings every 30 min and plasma levels of levodopa was regularly measured. Each dosage regimen the was studied twice, at a 2–4 day interval. Duodenal infusion improved motor function in all five patients and the fluctuations were reduced when compared to the oral therapy. Variation in plasma levodopa concentrations was 3–10 fold during oral therapy, while during the infusion a stable concentration was obtained. The therapeutic concentration varied from 0.3–3 μg ml−1 between patients. The relative bioavailability of levodopa in the solid preparation compared to the dispersion was in all patients 100%. Our results encourage further development of a duodenal infusion system with a levodopa dispersion for clinical use in parkinsonian patients who show severe fluctuation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315491
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and effects of levodopa in advanced Parkinson's disease (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 39 (1990), S. 385-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Levodopa ; Parkinson's disease ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; modeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five patients with severe Parkinson's disease were characterized with respect to their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses to levodopa given: orally, intravenously (three different infusion rates) and intraduodenally. The best therapeutic infusion rate in the intravenous study was used for the intraduodenal infusion of levodopa. A lag time between plasma concentration and effect following oral administration was seen in three of the five patients and this disequilibrium was estimated as the rate constant ke0 using model-independent analysis. The plasma concentration-effect relationship was similar for the three modes of administration and in all patients the therapeutic plasma concentration for full mobility was 〉4–5 μg·ml−1. The disequilibrium half-life for development of effect after oral administration was calculated to be about 30 min. The patients remained clinically stable during the period of the intraduodenal infusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315415
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of esomeprazole, the S-isomer of omeprazole (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Esomeprazole, the S-isomer of omeprazole, is the first proton pump inhibitor developed as a single isomer for the treatment of acid-related diseases.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To examine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of esomeprazole.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:In a crossover study, 12 healthy males received 5, 10 or 20 mg of esomeprazole, or 20 mg of omeprazole, once daily over 5 days. The pharmacokinetics and effects on pentagastrin-stimulated peak acid output of esomeprazole and omeprazole were studied on days 1 and 5.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:The area under the curve (AUC) of both esomeprazole and omeprazole increased from day 1 to day 5. The correlation between acid inhibition and AUC for esomeprazole could be well described with a sigmoid Emax model. The mean inhibition values of the pentagastrin-stimulated peak acid output on day 1 for 5, 10 and 20 mg of esomeprazole were 15%, 29% and 46%, respectively; the corresponding day 5 values were 28%, 62% and 90%. The mean inhibition values of the pentagastrin-stimulated peak acid output for omeprazole were 35% (day 1) to 79% (day 5).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The pharmacokinetics of esomeprazole are time and dose dependent. There was a good correlation between AUC and effect for esomeprazole. These data suggest an increased acid inhibitory effect of esomeprazole compared to omeprazole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01087.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dose finding study of mosapride in functional dyspepsia: a placebo-controlled, randomized study (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Prokinetic agents have shown variable efficacy in the treatment of functional dyspepsia. Mosapride is a new prokinetic 5-hydroxytryptamine-4 agonistic agent.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To evaluate the efficacy of three dosage regimens of mosapride compared with placebo in the treatment of functional dyspepsia.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Patients were randomly allocated to treatment with placebo or mosapride (5 mg b.d., 10 mg b.d. or 7.5 mg t.d.s.) in a double-blind, prospective, multicentre, multinational study. The change in symptom severity score from an untreated baseline week to the sixth week of treatment was used to compare treatment efficacy.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:There were 141, 140, 143 and 142 patients valid for evaluation in the intention-to-treat population in the placebo, mosapride 5 mg b.d., mosapride 10 mg b.d. and mosapride 7.5 mg t.d.s. groups, respectively. The mean changes in the overall dyspeptic symptom score were – 0.90, – 0.94, – 0.88 and – 0.89, respectively, and the proportions of patients feeling better at the end of the treatment period were 60%, 59%, 59% and 61%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was seen.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Treatment of functional dyspepsia with mosapride was not superior to placebo. The result raises the question of whether treatment with prokinetic agents is appropriate for functional dyspepsia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01236.x
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