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  • 1
    ISSN: 1126-5442
    Keywords: Key words Photosensitivity ; Blue-tinted lenses ; Epilepsy ; Electroencephalography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of our work was to test a particular type of lens for photosensitivity control in photosensitive epileptic patients. Previous papers considered color and shade of dark to test lens efficacy. We added a new variable, namely lens material, to these well-known variables. We performed electroencephalography (EEG) and simultaneous video recordings in 83 epileptic patients to evaluate the effectiveness of these experimental blue lenses on photoparoxysmal response (PPR). In addition, we compared the lenses with four other types of commercially available lenses. We found that the experimental lens type was very effective for photosensitivity inhibition in epileptic subjects. Indeed, PPR disappeared in 64 of 83 patients (77%) and diminished in 16 (19%). All the other commercial lenses were less effective. We think that this particular lens type could be useful in managing photosensitive epileptic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Vigabatrin ; epilepsy ; anticonvulsants ; clinical trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Centouno pazienti affetti da epilessia farmaco-resistente (nella maggior parte dei casi con crisi parziali) sono stati inclusi in uno studio policentrico con vigabatrin somministrato in aggiunta alla terapia preesistente secondo un disegno sperimentale controllato in singolo cieco. Il protocollo prevedeva 4 fasi consecutive (osservazione basale, placebo, vigabatrin 2 g/die, vigabatrin a dose individualizzata in base alla risposta clinica, sino ad un massimo di 4 g/die), ciascuna della durata di 8 settimane ad eccezione della fase di ottimizzazione della posologia che poteva essere prolungata a 16 settimane. Novanta pazienti hanno completato lo studio, mentre 11 (tra cui 1 che ha presentato stato di piccolo male e 4 che hanno riferito un aumento della frequenza delle crisi) hanno interrotto il trattamento precocemente. Nei pazienti che hanno completato lo studio, la frequenza mensile delle crisi è diminuita da un valore mediano di 16 (range interquartile 8–34) durante placebo a 5 (2–10) durante l'ultima fase di trattamento con vigabatrin (p〈0.0001). Sia le crisi parziali che le crisi generalizzate tonico-cloniche (per lo più secondariamente generalizzate) sono diminuite significativamente. Una riduzione delle crisi di oltre il 50% è stata osservata in 60 pazienti. Gli effetti collatterali più frequentemente osservati sono stati sedazione ed aumento ponderale.
    Notes: Abstract A single-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of vigabatrin was carried out in 101 epileptic patients (mostly with partial seizures) refractory to conventional therapy. The study design included four consecutive periods: (i) an observation phase (run-in), (ii) a placebo period, (iii) fixed-dosage add-on vigabatrin (2 g/day) and (iv) dose titration (up to a maximum of 4 g/day) to optimize clinical response. Each period lasted 8 weeks, except for the titration phase, which could be extended to 16 weeks. 90 patients completed the trial. Eleven dropped out, one patient developing absence status and 4 cases showing an increased seizure frequency. In the patients completing the trial, the median number of seizures/month decreased from 16 (inter-quartile range 8–34) during placebo to 5 (2–10) during the last 8 weeks on vigabatrin (p〈0.0001). Both partial and generalized tonic clonic (mostly secondary) seizures were significantly reduced. A greater than 50% reduction in seizure frequency (compared to placebo) was observed in 60 patients. Sedation and weight gain were the most frequently reported adverse events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-6792
    Keywords: Epilepsy ; Computerized EEG ; Factor Analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Factor Analysis represents an important method of extracting salient features from EEG data condensing functional as well as spatial informations in a few factors and so reducing redundancy of multi-channels computerized EEG data. A 16-channel computerized frequency analysis of background brain electrical activity during 3 functional conditions (eyes closed, eyes open and hyperventilation) were performed in 2 groups, 50 healthy subjects and 14 epileptic patients with generalized seizures. The differences in each frequency band between the 2 groups have been assessed by means of factor scores. Factor scores differences between control and epileptic patients have been found in theta and alpha frequency bands. These interictal EEG abnormalities were more evident in epileptic patients. This preliminary study shows the confirmatory capability of Factor Analysis and its usefulness in managing and comparing computerized EEG data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 6 (1985), S. 201-205 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: polytherapy in severe epilepsies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Lo studio comprende una analisi retrospettica su 66 pazienti adulti con epilessia che, dopo non aver ottenuto la scomparsa completa delle crisi con differenti monoterapie, hanno intrapreso un trattamento combinato. Nel 16,5% dei casi si è osservata, con l'introduzione della politerapia, una riduzione delle crisi del 75% ed oltre; nel 67% non si è assistito ad alcuna modificazione della frequenza critica, mentre questa è aumentata del 100% ed oltre in un altro 16,5% dei casi. La politerapia sembra essere di valore limitato nei casi di epilessia farmaco-resistente.
    Notes: Abstract A retrospective survey on 66 adults with epilepsy who received multiple drug therapy after the failure of single drugs showed: a reduction of seizure frequency of 75% or more in 16.5%, no change in 67% and an increase in seizure frequency of 100% or more in 16.5%. Multiple drug therapy is of limited value in severe epilepsies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Monotherapies in epilepsy ; Carbamazepine ; phenytoin ; phenobarbital ; primidone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario In 42 pazienti con epilessia parziale, sono state analizzate un totale di 96 monoterapie con Carbamazepina, Fenitoina, Fenobarbital o Primidone. Sono stati considerati migliorati i pazienti che durante la seconda o terza monoterapie hanno presentato una riduzione delle crisi pari o maggiore al 75%. Tra i 54 confronti effettuati tra le varie monoterapie, solo una esigua percentuale, pari al 16.7% ha presentato un miglioramento significativo della frequenza delle crisi. Nei pazienti farmaco-resistenti, la frequenza delle crisi osservata confrontando le varie monoterapie con il test di Fischer è praticamente invariata.
    Notes: Abstract 96 monotherapies with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital and primidone were assessed in 42 patients with partial epilepsy. Those whose seizure frequency was reduced by 75% or more were considered to have improved. In 54 comparisons of monotherapies significant improvement in seizure frequency was achieved in only 16.7% of cases. Nonresponding patients showed practically no change across all comparisons according to the Fischer test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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