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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the dependence of BLS frequencies on angle of incidence for thin iron films : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6754-6756 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Brillouin light-scattering experiments have been done at various angles of incidence, θ, for four specimens prepared by molecular-beam epitaxy. The specimens were single ultrathin films of Fe deposited on single-crystal Ag substrates. Dependence of magnon frequency on θ is easily resolvable in all specimens. We find that the magnitude of this dependence is in good agreement with a theoretical calculation that takes into account magnetic anisotropies, dipole-dipole, and exchange interactions. Our results imply that magnetic excitations in these specimens are correlated over distances of at least 5000 A(ring).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352475
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    "Loose spins'' in Fe/Cu/Fe(001) structures : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6187-6189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Slonczewski recently proposed a model for the exchange coupling between ferromagnetic layers separated by a nonferromagnetic spacer based on the concept of "loose spins.'' "Loose spins'' contribute to the total exchange energy. We have studied the role of "loose spins'' in bcc Fe/Cu/Fe(001) structures. bcc Fe/Cu/Fe(001) trilayers deposited at room temperature were investigated extensively in our previous studies. In our "loose spin'' studies, the Fe was added inside the Cu interlayer. Several structures were atomically engineered in order to test the behavior of "loose spins:'' One additional atomic layer of an (Fe+Cu) alloy were located in appropriate positions in a Cu spacer. The bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling in the above structures was quantitatively studied with FMR in the temperature range 77–370 K and with MOKE at RT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355451
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The temperature dependence of the bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling in Fe/Cu, Ag/Fe(001) structures (abstract) : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6473-6473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The exchange coupling through nonmagnetic metallic interlayers is described by bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling terms. In simple metals such as Cu(001) and Ag(001), the bilinear exchange coupling exhibits strong short wavelength oscillations (∼2 ML). The exchange coupling through non ferromagnetic interlayers is strongly affected by the interface roughness. Realistic interfaces consist of finite atomic terraces that result in variations of the interlayer thickness. Slonczewski showed that in this case the biquadratic exchange term can be produced by frustration of local magnetic moments. Recent band structure calculations showed that the biquadratic exchange coupling can be intrinsic. In this case its strength is usually found to be significantly weaker than that of bilinear coupling. The temperature dependence of biquadratic exchange coupling is expected to be different for the Slonczewski and intrinsic mechanisms. The intrinsic biquadratic exchange coupling is expected to vary with temperature faster than that predicted by the Slonczewski mechanism. In the present studies using the FMR and MOKE techniques we have investigated extensively the temperature dependence of the bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling in Fe/Cu/Fe and Fe/Ag/Fe(001) structures. The quantitative studies of the exchange coupling were carried out in the temperature range 77–400 K. By growing the first Fe layer at various substrate temperatures one can prepare samples possessing interfaces with a variable atomic terrace width at the Fe/Cu, Ag interface. That way one can control the strength of the biquadratic exchange coupling. Two limits were investigated: (a) The strength of the biquadratic term in the exchange coupling was much smaller (10%) compared to the bilinear term; (b) the strength of the biquadratic term was comparable to the bilinear exchange coupling. The results are discussed within the framework of existing theories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356966
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using ferromagnetic resonance to measure magnetic moments of ultrathin films (abstract) : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4475-4475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We developed a technique to measure the saturation magnetizatiaon of ultrathin ferromagnetic films using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). By employing it we determined the ratios of total magnteic moments of ultrathin Fe films located in Ag/Fe/Ag, Au/Fe/Ag, Cu/Fe/Ag, Pd/Fe/Ag, and Ni/Fe/Ag structures relative to that of an Au/5.7 ML Fe/Ag reference film. The ratios obtained using our method have the total measurement error of 1%. All FMR measurements, carried out at 77 K, confirmed theoretical predictions that Fe atoms located at or near interfaces possess enhanced magnetic moments compared with those of Fe atoms in the bulk. In particular, the total magnetic moment ratio for Ag/5.5 ML Fe/Ag and Ag/10.9 ML Fe/Ag (thick Fe) samples was determined to be of 1.06. This compares well to the total magnetic moment ratio of 1.05 calculated for these two films using the results obtained from first principles calculations. The total magnetic moment ratios for Pd/5.6 Fe/Ag, Pd/5.7Fe/Ag, 2(bcc Ni)/5.7 Fe/Ag and 3(bcc Ni)/5.7 Fe/Ag samples using the thick Fe sample were found to be of 1.11, 1.12, 1.15, and 1.24, respectively. The FMR measured magnetic moment ratios were nearly identical with the results obtained from the neutron spin polarized reflection measurements.1 All measured magnetic moment ratios in Fe films surrounded by the above wide range of interfaces were in excellent agreement with the ratios obtained by using published first principles calculations, and that allows one to determine the enhancement of magnetic moments at the interfaces.© 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364982
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric tensor characterization of Mn0.53Bi0.47 and Mn0.52Bi0.44Sb0.04 films : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6200-6202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have grown Mn0.53Bi0.47 and Mn0.52Bi0.44Sb0.04 alloy films on glass substrates under UHV conditions. These films exhibit good magneto-optical (MO) properties. Unfortunately, the measurements of Kerr rotation and ellipticity cannot by themselves provide reliable evaluation of the MO properties of a layer capped with a dielectric SiO film. The purpose of the present work was to determine the dielectric tensor in the MnBi1−xSbx films within a multilayer stack, using a combination of ellipsometric, reflection/transmission, and polar MO Kerr effect measurements in the wavelength range of 360–860 nm. We have evaluated the Mn0.53Bi0.47 and Mn0.52Bi0.44Sb0.04 films based on the intrinsic MO figure of merit (FOM) defined by FOM=||εxy||/(2 Im εxx), where εxy and εxx are the diagonal and off-diagonal elements of the dielectric tensor of the MO material. For short wavelengths (360–550 nm) the measured FOM in the Mn0.53Bi0.47 and Mn0.52Bi0.44Sb0.04 films is significantly larger (≥factor of 2) than that commonly observed in TbFeCo films (∼0.01). © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362071
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mössbauer investigation of the magnetic hyperfine field distribution in Fe(100)/Ag(100) structures : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 5583-5585 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A monolayer of 57Fe is used as a probe layer in Ag/9Fe(001)/10Ag(001) structures grown by the molecular beam epitaxy technique. Different Fe sites can be resolved in the spectrum. From the analysis of the isomer shift values, 57Fe deposited at the Fe/Ag interface can be distinguished from 57Fe atoms that are deposited one or more atomic layers removed from the interface. The variation of the magnetic hyperfine field Hhf with distance from the Fe/Ag interface agrees qualitatively with values calculated previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355648
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling in Fe/Ag/Fe(001) trilayers : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5966-5968 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and surface magneto-optical Kerr effect (SMOKE) studies of the exchange coupling in Fe/Ag/Fe(001) structures are presented. The interfaces in these structures can be improved significantly by growing the first Fe(001) layer at a raised substrate temperature. The exchange couplings in Fe/Ag/Fe trilayers were studied as a function of the interlayer thickness and temperature. The improved interfaces in the Fe/Ag/Fe system revealed new features in the exchange coupling which were absent in samples grown entirely at room temperature. Quantitative data from the FMR and SMOKE measurements are compared. The magnetization loops for Fe/Ag/Fe trilayers can be explained well only by including the simultaneous presence of bilinear and biquadratic exchange coupling. It is shown that the exchange coupling through Ag(001) exhibits long wavelength oscillations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353485
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic anisotropies in single and multilayered structures (invited) : The 5th Joint MMM−Intermag Conference (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5769-5774 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultrathin magnetic metallic structures provide a variety of systems in which unique magnetic properties can be engineered. The investigation of magnetic anisotropies in ultrathin structures has brought exciting results to the basic studies of magnetism in systems with reduced dimensionality and to the engineering of new magnetic materials. Molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) techniques turned out to be particularly useful in the formation of new stable and metastable structures whose sharply defined interfaces, lattice relaxations, and lattice reconstructions have resulted in a wide range of interesting magnetic properties. In this presentation the present authors' recent studies of single and multilayered structures composed of bcc Fe(001), bcc Cu(001), lattice-expanded Pd(001), fcc Co(001), and fcc Cu(001) will be summarized. Besides presenting their interesting magnetic properties the following techniques will be highlighted: reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). RHEED patterns and RHEED intensity oscillations were used to monitor the MBE growths. It will be shown that RHEED studies provide an effective way to characterize the quality of growth which can then be correlated with the observed magnetic properties. It will be shown that the FMR technique is extremely useful in determining all of the basic magnetic parameters. The role of interfaces, lattice relaxations, and proximity effects on the in-plane fourfold and perpendicular uniaxial anisotropies will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350156
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ferromagnetic resonance linewidth of Fe ultrathin films grown on a bcc Cu substrate : The 5th Joint MMM−Intermag Conference (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5935-5937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) linewidth ΔH is a parameter used to characterize ultrathin film quality. The frequency-independent part, ΔH(0), reflects the contribution of magnetic inhomogeneities. The linear part is caused by the intrinsic Gilbert damping mechanism. Recently we have found that the lattice reconstructions of substrate templates strongly affects the FMR linewidth. bcc Fe(001) films (∼10 ML) were grown on unreconstructed fcc Ag(001), bcc Cu(001), and on surface reconstructed bcc Cu(001) templates. Fe layers grown on unreconstructed Cu templates exhibited an isotropic FMR linewidth. Fe layers grown on reconstructed Cu templates, on the contrary, showed an anisotropic behavior in both the zero-frequency FMR linewidth and the intrinsic damping parameter. Other magnetic parameters such as uniaxial and 4-fold anisotropies are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350110
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic anisotropies in ultrathin fcc Fe(001) films grown on Cu(001) substrates : 35 th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 5206-5208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Brillouin light scattering and ferromagnetic resonance have been used to measure the magnetic-field dependence of the magnon frequency at room temperature for three- monolayer-thick films of fcc Fe(001) grown by means of molecular-beam epitaxy on Cu(001) substrates. These films exhibit a strong uniaxial magnetic anisotropy which causes the magnetization to be oriented perpendicular to the film plane in zero applied field. Four specimens were grown on copper substrates prepared using a chemical polishing technique which avoided the use of abrasives: This treatment greatly reduced the density of etch pits on the copper surface. The uniaxial anisotropies found for these specimens were very consistent and comparable to that previously measured for the best film grown on a mechanically polished copper substrate. There is evidence that substrate smoothness is improved and, hence, that the uniaxial anisotropy is increased when the substrate is covered with a few monolayers of epitaxial copper before the iron films are grown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348076
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