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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of terbium thermodynamic characteristics for magnetic heat pump applications (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 3908-3911 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Based on molecular field theory, including the effect of the field-dependent nature of Néel temperature, the entropy, and the magnetocaloric effect in terbium (Tb) have been calculated with the external field between 0 and 7 T (Tesla). The calculated results are compared with the existing experimental measurements. The maximum magnetocaloric temperature change (ΔT) is approximately 14 K near the zero-field Néel temperature (230 K) for an external field at 7 T field. This relatively large magnetocaloric effect indicates that Tb could be an attractive candidate for magnetic heat pump application. The results are then used to study the performance of heat pumps for the Carnot cycle, the constant field cycle, and the ideal regenerative cycle. The performances of these three cycles are discussed and compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352267
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of grain size effects in rf sputtered CdS thin films (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 9105-9109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CdS thin films with various grain sizes were produced by rf sputtering and in situ postannealing processes. For a series of annealing time intervals, the average grain sizes of an as-deposited thin film with thickness ∼4000 A(ring) were found to vary from ∼280 to ∼1500 A(ring). Three bands located in the green, yellow, and red regions were observed in photoluminescence (PL) spectra of these as-deposited films. The temperature dependence of (PL) spectra of CdS microcrystals was investigated. The variations of the (PL) spectra with average grain size and thickness of CdS thin films were also studied. It was found that the intensity of the yellow band was increased as increasing the film thickness while the intensity of the red band was decreased as the grain size of the film became larger. The peak positions of the yellow and red bands were found to be blue-shifted as the films became thinner. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362645
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic particle diffusion in velocity space for a bumpy torus (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 28 (1985), S. 883-887 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nonadiabatic changes of the magnetic moment μ in the ELMO Bumpy Torus-Scale (EBT-S) have been studied both analytically and numerically. Simple forms of Δ μ and gyrophase change were obtained, permitting the changes in these quantities to be studied using an iteration mapping. The mapping results show stochastic behavior for particles having high energy and low initial μ. Otherwise, superadiabatic motion appears. The stochastic diffusion coefficient for the variation of μ was measured numerically by mapping and was also calculated from quasilinear theory. The results are shown to agree well in the stochastic region. For high-energy particles, the diffusion in μ caused by nonadiabaticity can be comparable to collisional diffusion when stochastic motion occurs for EBT-S.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865058
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental study of equilibrium in a bumpy torus (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 29 (1986), S. 1659-1668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Plasma equilibrium in the ELMO Bumpy Torus (EBT) [in Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research (IAEA, Tokyo, 1974), Vol. 2, p. 141; Plasma Phys. 25, 597 (1983)] was studied experimentally by measurements of the electrostatic potential structure. Before an electron tail population is formed, the electric field is found, roughly speaking, to be in the vertical direction. The appearance of a high-energy electron tail signals the formation of a negative potential well, and the potential contours start to nest. The potential contours are shifted inward with respect to the center of the conducting wall. The electric field between the plasma and the conducting wall forces the plasma inward, balancing the outward expansion force. This force balance provides a horizontal electric field that cancels the concentric radial electric field locally at the separatrix of the potential contour and leads to convective energy loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865630
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of electric fields and fluctuations on confinement in a bumpy torus (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 30 (1987), S. 847-856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In order to understand the relationships between confinement and space potential (electric field) and between confinement and density fluctuations, plasma parameters in the ELMO Bumpy Torus Scale (EBT-S)[in Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research (IAEA, Tokyo, 1974), Vol. 2, p. 141; Plasma Phys. 25, 597 (1983)] have been measured systematically for a wide range of operating conditions. Present EBT plasma parameters do not show a strong dependence on the potential profile, but rather exhibit a correlation with the fluctuations. The plasma pressure profile is found to be consistent with the profile anticipated on the basis of the flute stability criterion for a marginally stable plasma. For a heating power of 100 kW, the stored energy density is found to be restricted to the range between 4.5×1013 eV-cm−3 and 7×1013 eV-cm−3. The lower limit remains constant regardless of heating power and pertains to plasmas lacking an equilibrium and/or stability. The upper limit increases with heating power and is found to result from the onset of instabilities. In between the two limits is a plasma that is in an equilibrium state and is marginally stable. Operational trajectories exist that take the EBT plasma from one limit to the other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866337
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal stability study of Ni/Ta n-GaN Schottky contacts (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 595-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Schottky behavior of Ni/Ta and Ni contacts on n-GaN was investigated under various annealing conditions by current–voltage measurements. It is found that with the addition of Ta between the Ni layer and the GaN substrate the thermal stability properties of devices can be significantly improved. Experimental results indicate that a high quality Ni/Ta n-GaN Schottky diode with an ideality factor and barrier height of 1.16 and 1.24 eV, respectively, can be obtained under 1 h annealing, at 700 °C. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1425455
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-aligned sidewall gated resonant tunneling transistors (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 374-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Three-terminal vertical quantum structures using a self-aligned sidewall gating technique have been developed. Resonant tunneling transistors with physical widths of about 0.7 μm demonstrate pinch-off of the resonant peak at room temperature. Comparable gating characteristics for forward and reverse drain-source biases indicate that the gating action is vertically uniform, making this topology suitable for the fabrication of low-dimensional structures and study of multiple quantum well devices. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118065
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Technical Note (1999)
    Springer
    Rock mechanics and rock engineering 32 (1999), S. 221-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-453X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s006030050033
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic and heterosis analysis for cooking quality traits of indica rice in different environments (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 294-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Cooking quality ; Genetic effects ; Genotype×environment interactions ; Heterosis ; Indica rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic effects and genotype×environment (GE) interaction effects on the cooking quality traits of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) were analyzed based on a genetic model for quantitative traits of triploid endosperm in cereal crops. Nine cytoplasmic male-sterile lines as females and 5 restoring lines as males were used in an incomplete diallel cross over 2 years. The cooking quality traits studied were observed to be mainly controlled by genetic effects, but GE interaction effects, especially for amylose content (AC) and alkali spreading score (ASS), were also indicated. Among the genetic effects, seed direct effects and maternal effects were the main components of AC and ASS, respectively; cytoplasmic effects were the main components of gel consistency (GC). Among the GE interaction effects, AC and ASS were mainly affected by maternal interaction effects and GC by direct interaction effects. Additive effects and/or additive interaction effects were the main factors controlling the performance of rice cooking quality traits except for GC which was affected by dominant interaction effects. For AC and GC, there were seed heterosis and/or maternal heterosis. The predicated genetic effects indicated that four parents were better than the others in improving the rice cooking quality traits of the progenies. It was shown that genetic heterosis and GE interaction heterosis were important, especially for amylose content trait in early season indica rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050562
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of interaction between ZrO2 (YSZ) substrates and YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconducting films (1989)
    Springer
    Applied physics 48 (1989), S. 277-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 66.30.−h ; 68.20.+t ; 68.48.+f ; 74.70.Rv
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The interactions between YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconducting films and ZrO2 substrates with different crystal orientations were investigated. Our results show that the crystal orientation of the substrate influences the orientations of the YBa2Cu3O7−δ crystals, whose c-axis have preferential orientations parallel to the surface of 〈100〉 ZrO2 substrates. The copper segregation in Y-Ba-Cu-O/〈ZrO2〉 films results from substrate reactions. Y, Ba, and Cu atoms diffusing into substrates were detected by AES and RBS techniques. A thin silver film evaporated on ZrO2 substrate as a buffer layer effectively slows down or eliminates the substrate interactions. The strong preferential c-axis orientation perpendicular to the substrate surface has been observed in the YBa2Cu3O7−δ /Ag/〈ZrO2〉 samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619398
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