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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ice crystallization by Pseudomonas syringae (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 153-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Several bacterial species can serve as biological ice nuclei. The best characterized of these is Pseudomonas syringae, a widely distributed bacterial epiphyte of plants. These biological ice nuclei find various applications in different fields, but an optimized production method was required in order to obtain the highly active cells which may be exploited as ice nucleators. The results presented here show that P. syringae cells reduce supercooling of liquid or solid media and enhance ice crystal formation at sub-zero temperatures, thus leading to a remarkable control of the crystallization phenomenon and a potential for energy savings. Our discussion focuses on recent and future applications of these ice nucleators in freezing operations, spray-ice technology and biotechnological processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000377
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of water activity on the ice-nucleating activity of Pseudomonas syringae (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 23 (1999), S. 514-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: water activity; ice-nucleating activity; Pseudomonas syringae; membrane fluidity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pseudomonas syringae is known as a biological ice-nucleating agent. The bacterium has the unusual property of increasing the temperature at which water freezes by a few degrees. However, the ice-nucleating activity (INA) always remains lower for in vitro cultivated cells, than for cells grown in planta. We examined the effects of the hydrophobic environment and of water availability, on the in vitro growth and INA of P. syringae. The hydrophobic environment was modified by addition of fatty acids, vegetable oils or silicone oil to the culture medium. Addition of olive oil (1%), or traces of silicone oil in the culture medium had a positive effect upon the expression of INA. Variations in water activity from 0.990 to 0.988 by addition of sugar beet fibres or sodium chloride in the culture medium were followed by an increase in INA. This study suggested that control of the medium’s water activity must be considered as an important parameter for optimization of INA in P. syringae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900758
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of water activity on Streptococcus diacetylactis metabolism (1993)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 40 (1993), S. 399-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract During the cheese-making process, water activity (aw) is one of the essential environmental parameters acting on bacterial growth and metabolic pathways. The influence of aw on Streptococcus diacetylactis growth and lactic acid production was studied. The specific growth rate was linearly related to water availability in the milk medium. The cell behaviour was quite different above and below aw=0.95, which can be considered a limiting value. Below this value, the lactic acid production reached 1.4–6.1 mg·g−1, whereas the specific productivity was 2.0–2.6 mg·10−10 cells·h−1. Changes in the consumption of lactose and amino acids during the different growth phases was completely modified by decreasing the water availability in the medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170400
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ice-nucleating activity of Pseudomonas syringae cultivated on a natural substrate; influence of phosphate (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 627-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Keywords: Key words ice-nucleating activity ; wheat bran ; culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A novel kind of culture medium is used for the production Pseudomonas syringae with a high ice-nucleating activity. It is based on a natural substrate, wheat bran, which contains a relatively high proportion of phytate. The double salt of phytic acid is the precursor of a major component of the ice-nucleating site (myo–inositol). Experiments with the purified components show the positive effects on the ice-nucleating activity. The use of the wheat bran medium seems to be specifically efficient on class A bacteria, which is the most active type of P. syringae. We have shown that inorganic phosphate starvation during the preculture of P. syringae leads to higher ice-nucleating activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00167276
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-level expression of the ice-nucleating activity of Pseudomonas syringae in relation to its growth characteristics (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1994), S. 116-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Optimization of the culture medium is essential for the production of a large biomass of high ice-nucleating-active micro-organisms such as Pseudomonas syringae. Cultures in bioreactors show that optimal substrate concentrations are approximately the same for ice nucleating activity (INA) and total biomass (50–80 g/l of glucose; 28 g/l of peptone) but not for the growth rate. The INA is lowest when the growth rate is highest (50 g/l of glucose, 15 g/l of peptone). We have shown that the maximal biomass production and INA are related to the C/N ratio (optimal ratio: 10) rather than to the substrate concentration. These results also contribute to knowledge on the physiology of these bacteria and support the sequential maturation of the ice nucleating sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170233
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-level expression of the ice-nucleating activity of Pseudomonas syringae in relation to its growth characteristics (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1994), S. 116-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Optimization of the culture medium is essential for the production of a large biomass of high ice-nucleating-active micro-organisms such as Pseudomonas syringae. Cultures in bioreactors show that optimal substrate concentrations are approximately the same for ice nucleating activity (INA) and total biomass (50–80 g/l of glucose; 28 g/l of peptone) but not for the growth rate. The INA is lowest when the growth rate is highest (50 g/l of glucose, 15 g/l of peptone). We have shown that the maximal biomass production and INA are related to the C/N ratio (optimal ratio: 10) rather than to the substrate concentration. These results also contribute to knowledge on the physiology of these bacteria and support the sequential maturation of the ice nucleating sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050225
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ice-nucleating activity of Pseudomonas syringae cultivated on a natural substrate; influence of phosphate (1994)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 41 (1994), S. 627-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Keywords: ice-nucleating activity ; wheat bran culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A novel kind of culture medium is used for the production Pseudomonas syringae with a high ice-nucleating activity. It is based on a natural substrate, wheat bran, which contains a relatively high proportion of phytate. The double salt of phytic acid is the precursor of a major component of the ice-nucleating site (myo-inositol). Experiments with the purified components show the positive effects on the ice-nucleating activity. The use of the wheat bran medium seems to be specifically efficient on class A bacteria, which is the most active type of P. syringae. We have shown that inorganic phosphate starvation during the preculture of P. syringae leads to higher ice-nucleating activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00167276
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar beet pulp (1984)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 6 (1984), S. 723-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary In order to prepare fermentable sugars from cellulosic raw materials, we have tested the effect of different pretreatments (heat, chemicals, pectinase) on enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar beet pulp. Best results (90% hydrolysis) have been obtained after heat treatment (30 mn at 120°C) with 16 IU.Fp.g−1 of fresh pulp in 48 hours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00133064
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ATP measurement for cellulase production control (1984)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 6 (1984), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Plotting intracellular ATP concentrations as a function of time during cellulase production byTrichoderma reesei, provides a good evaluation of fungal growth and specific rate of cellulose consumption. ATP content evaluation is of great help for running fed-batch and semi-continuous fermentations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00127031
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of yeasts on ceramic supports (1979)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 1 (1979), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Selected yeast strains were tested for their affinity for a ceramic support. It is shown that the degree of affinity and strength of adsorption are characteristic of the strain and, furthermore that the population of adsorbed cells have a higher rate of respiration than the free cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01398310
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