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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 57 (1995), S. 69-73 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Trabecular orientation ; Osteoarthritis ; Medial tibial condyle ; Subchondral sclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In osteoarthritis of the knee, degenerative changes occur in the articular cartilage and underlying subchondral bone, particularly of the medial tibial condyle. Cancellous bone sclerosis that accompanies osteoarthritis is not only the result of an increase in bone volume fraction but also a change in trabecular structure. In a comparison with agematched controls (n=4), osteoarthritis (n=11) demonstrated a significant (P≤0.05) increase in bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness. Overal trabecular orientation in the osteoarthritic group was more vertical or perpendicular to the articular surface than the control group (P≤0.05) especially in the trabeculae of the cancellous bone layer closest to the articular surface. These alterations in trabecular bone structure could have significant consequences for the mechanical properties of osteoarthritic bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 23 (1999), S. 122-125 
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé  L’ochronose est une manifestation musculo-squélettique de l’alkaptonurie dûe à un désordre métabolique qui accompagne diverses anomalies systemiques et associé au depôt de pigments acides homogénetiques dans les tissues congonctifs. Nous decrivons deux cas d’ arthopathie presentant des douleurs progressives et des symptômes de dégénerescence avancée de la region lombo-sacrée. Cet article inclut la bibliographie, les diagnostics differentiels et le traitement de cette maladie rare. La therapie classique est toujours d’ actualité, mais l’implantation de prothéses peut être offerte dans des cas d’ atteintes severes des articulations majeures.
    Notes: Abstract  Alkoptonuria is an inherited metabolic disorder which is associated with various systemic abnormalities and related to the deposition of homogentisic acid pigment in connective tissues. These pigmentary changes are termed ”ochronosis”. We describe two patients with ochronotic arthropathy who presented with progressive and advanced degenerative changes in the lumbo-sacral spine. The literature, differential diagnosis and management of this rare condition are reviewed in this article. Management is usually conservative, but replacement surgery may be offered for severely affected major joints.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 4 (1980), S. 211-217 
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Immunoglobulins deposition ; Osteoarthritis ; Cartilage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On a constaté, au cours d'une étude prospective portant sur 117 malades ayant subi une intervention chirurgicale reconstructrice pour arthrose, qu'un grand nombre de biopsies du fibro-cartilage méniscal et du cartilage articulaire hyalin, présentaient à l'immunofluorescence deux immuno-globulines (Ig) et β1c au moins. Celles-ci pourraient représenter des complexes immuns. Ces observations ont été classées en trois groupes d'après leurs caractéristiques cliniques et radiologiques et les données du laboratoire: (1) 27 non arthrosiques (3% de cas positifs); (2) 32 rhumatismes dégénératifs secondaires (16% de cas positifs) et (3) 89 arthroses idiopathiques (51% de cas positifs). La fréquence de la présence d'immunoglobulines dans le groupe III est significative aux niveaux p〈0.001 et 〈0.005 respectivement, par rapport à celle des groupes I et II. L'étude des caractéristiques de la maladie et des paramètres de laboratoire qui y sont associés met en évidence les faits suivants: la présence d'immuno-globulines correspond à un âge moyen plus avancé et à une durée plus longue de la maladie. L'infiltration cellulaire mononucléaire était deux fois plus élevée dans les biopsies synoviales du groupe III que dans celles des rhumatismes secondaires. Le groupe III présentait également une fréquence accrue d'auto-anticorps circulants. Un examen approfondi des caractéristiques cliniques permet de penser que le groupe III ne représente pas une population hétérogène incluant des cas d'arthrite rhumatoïde, mais plutôt qu'il représente une part de la polyarthrite primaire généralisée. Il semble, d'après ces données, que des mécanismes immuns locaux jouent un rôle, de manière temporaire, au niveau des articulations de ces malades et, à long terme, dans la dégénérescence cartilagineuse.
    Notes: Summary In a prospective study of 117 patients having reconstructive surgery for osteoarthritis, biopsies of hyaline articular cartilage and meniscal fibrocartilage were taken which exhibited immunofluorescence in their articular surfaces, for at least two immuno-globulins (Ig) and β1c. These could represent immune complexes. The cases were classified into three Groups according to clinical, radiological and laboratory features, (1) non-arthritic — 27 (3% positive); (2) secondary degenerative — 32 (16% positive); (3) idiopathic osteoarthritic — 89 (51% positive). The incidence of positive findings in Group III was significant at p〈0.001 and 〈0.005 levels respectively as compared to those of Groups I and II. Our study of the disease features and their associated laboratory parameters indicated the following: positive findings correlated with an older mean age and longer disease duration. The gradings for mononuclear cell infiltration in synovial biopsies of Group III were more than two times higher than those of secondary arthritics. Group III also had an increased incidence of circulating auto-antibodies. A careful review of clinical features has not suggested a mixed population with rheumatoid disease but rather that Group III represents part of the spectrum of primary generalised osteoarthritis. These data suggest involvement of local immune mechanisms in cartilage degradation in the joints of those patients with longer term involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Chondrocyte ; Immune complex ; Cartilage ; Degradation ; Complement ; Cytotoxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cartilage from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and from animals with antigen-induced arthritis is frequently contaminated with complement-containing immune complexes. A possible role for complement activation in cartilage degradation was modeled in vitro by exposing cultured bovine chondrocytes to homologous serum, and determining cytotoxicity by monitoring the release of intracellular 51Cr. Complement activation was found to be cytotoxic, having maximal effect at 20–30% serum by 18 h. Serum toxicity was ablated by heat (50°C, 20 min) or methylamine treatment but not by EGTA, suggesting that in these experiments activation occurred by the alternate route. The implications of the results are discussed in relation to ultrastructural evidence for the involvement of complement in the pathogenesis of cartilage degradation in inflammatory arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 8 (1988), S. 47-53 
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rabbit ; Tenosynovitis ; Antigen ; Tendon ; Rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rabbits were first immunized and later challenged with the same antigen (bovine serum albumin, or ferritin) by injection into the tibialis anterior tendon. Inflammatory changes of the tenosynovium and epitenon included infiltration by neutrophils (early) and mononuclear cells (later) over a 6-week course of tenosynovitis. A pattern of antigen entrapment in the tendon together with immunoglobulin was shown by use of radiolabelled antigen and immunochemical staining. Half-life of antigen in the tissues averaged 5 days over the 6-week period. Changes in the epitenon included cellular necrosis, appearance of phagocytic cells, and disruption of the collagen matrix. Tissues of control animals (challenged without prior immunization) showed minimal changes and significantly less retention of antigen (P〉0.005). The model is relevant to the mechanism of tendon damage associated with antigen-driven chronic inflammation, as may be the case in rheumatoid arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Experimental arthritis ; Specific antibody ; Ferritin ; Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Antibody synthesis by the arthritic synovium of rabbits with antigen-induced arthritis has been demonstrated, but knowledge of the details of the specific localization of antibody in the membrane is limited. Specific antibody in the synovium of ferritin-induced arthritis was detected by electron microscopic observation of bound ferritin. The specific antibodies were localized in the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum and perinuclear spaces within plasma cells. In the extracellular matrix, specific antibody was found distributed as a network within collagen bundles and in the basement membrane of the subsynovial small blood vessels.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2 (1984), S. 432-433 
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research 3 (1985), S. 484-491 
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Fibrocartilage ; Anatomy ; Digital joints ; Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Observations were made from the dissection of 156 digital joints (thumbs excluded). In all joints fibrocollagenous menisci projected into the articular cavity from a ring-like structure based on the joint capsule. These meniscal structures separated the articulating cartilage surfaces at the margins of the joint. Histological examination confirmed a fibrocartilaginous nature of the tissue which demonstrated positive staining for proteoglycans and collagen fibers. Although generally similar in form, these meniscal structures varied in extent when compared between joint groups. The greatest amount and articular contribution was noted in metacarpophalangeal joints with least being found distally.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research 4 (1986), S. 129-131 
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research 6 (1988), S. 863-870 
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Seventeen female and 24 male subjects had varus and valgus and apparent rotations measured using a standardized mechanical testing device that cyclically applied a 20-Nm moment in each direction. Five parameters-apparent varus rotation, apparent valgus rotation, apparent overall rotation, varus stiffness, and valgus stiffness showed intersubject variations approaching 40%. Right-left variations in the same subject averaged 12%, with no significant right-left differences overall. Female knees rotated 66% more than male knees and were 35% less stiff. The ratio of apparent valgus rotation to apparent varus rotation averaged 0.775, and the ratio of valgus stiffness to varus stiffness averaged 1.23 for all knees. Stiffness and rotation parameters were highly correlated for both genders in the valgus phase of testing. Results suggest that although magnitudes of measured parameters vary considerably from subject, common relationships between parameters from the same normal knee exist.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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