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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification of inactive phenylalanine hydroxylase protein from liver in classical phenylketonuria (1976)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 260 (1976), S. 63-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This procedure yielded from PKU liver a protein which appears identical in molecular weight to the smaller of the two proteins present in active enzyme prepared from human foetal and monkey livers. This protein was also demonstrated in livers obtained from the patients who died of unrelated ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/260063a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain stem serotonin-synthesizing neurons in Alzheimer's disease: a clinicopathological correlation (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 638-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Raphe ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neuritic plaques ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The location and number of brain stem serotonin-synthesizing neurons were analyzed in 11 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 5 agematched controls using immunohistochemical techniques. In addition, the number of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the cortex and brain stem raphe was evaluated, as was the number of Nissl-stained raphe neurons. AD patients could be classified into two groups based on their raphe pathology; patients with such pathology (AD+) and those without (AD−). The number of large raphe neurons correlated significantly with the number of serotonin-synthesizing neurons in control material, indicating that all large neurons were serotonergic. This relationship was not apparent in AD+ patients, in whom the number of serotonin-synthesizing neurons correlated with the number of neurofibrillary tangles in the raphe of these patients. This indicates that in AD+ patients the serotonin-synthesizing neurons were selectively affected. There was no correlation between raphe and cortical pathology or raphe pathology and patient sex, age, mini-mental score or depression score, even when such scores were weighted for the interval between testing and death. There was a trend for the raphe pathology to correlate with the age of onset and duration of dementia and the Blessed dementia score in AD+ patients. Most AD+ patients with severe raphe lesions had clinical dementia only, while AD− patients had additional clinical features. The raphe lesions were more dramatic in AD+ patients with a rapid progression of symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227741
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conservation plan (1988)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 334 (1988), S. 560-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-I was interested in your leading article (Nature 333, 284; 1988) outlining the problem of OECD food subsidies. A possible useful way of harnessing the excess production would be to give or sell the food to developing countries at a reduced rate in return for land/forest conservation ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/334560c0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutation detection (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 353 (1991), S. 582-583 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] As genes are cloned in increasing numbers, an increasing number of mutations in these genes is being detected. Many of these mutations are of considerable significance in human disease and, thus, the question as to how such mutations can be detected is assuming increasing clinical importance1. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/353582a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fusion of Two Immunoglobulin-producing Myeloma Cells (1973)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 244 (1973), S. 42-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Autoradrograph of labelled components secreted by parental and hybrid mouse myeloma cell lines analysed by isoeleclric focusing15. Cells were incubated for 24 h in the presence of 14C-lysine and the spent medium applied on poly-acrylamide slabs16 without urea: pH range 3?10. b, P1Bu1 (mouse ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/244042a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence conservation within neutralization epitope regions of VP 7 and VP 4 proteins of human serotype G 4 rotavirus isolates (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 133 (1993), S. 323-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotype G 4 rotavirus isolates causing four separate epidemics of severe diarrhoea in young children in Melbourne, Australia (from 1974–1990) were investigated for sequence variation in genes encoding the outer capsid proteins, VP 4 and VP 7. Complementary DNA of the gene encoding the major outer capsid neutralization antigen, VP 7, of eighteen isolates was synthesized and amplified by coupled reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. Direct sequencing methods were used to derive the deduced amino acid sequences of the immunodominant A, B, and C neutralization epitope regions of the protein. Limited variation was observed among all isolates. A threonine to asparagine change in region A, at amino acid 96, was associated with altered binding of serotype G 4-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. The VP 8* region of the outer capsid protein VP 4 (containing the proposed serotype-specific neutralization epitopes) was investigated in eight isolates. This region was found to be highly conserved both within Melbourne isolates and in relation to the standard strains Wa, P, and VA 70. The characteristic periodicity of occurrence of serotype G 4 isolates causing severe diarrhoea in Melbourne children is unlikely to be due to changes in neutralization epitopes located on the outer capsid proteins, VP 7 or VP 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01313772
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to a trypsin-sensitive site on the major glycoprotein of rotavirus which discriminate between virus serotypes (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 93 (1987), S. 199-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monoclonal antibodies were derived to a human rotavirus purified from stools. Three of the antibodies immunoprecipitated the rotavirus outer capsid glycoprotein gp 34 and were non-neutralizing. These antibodies reacted by enzyme immunoassay with cultivable rotaviruses showing the “long” RNA electropherotype but were inefficient as detectors of “long” RNA pattern rotaviruses in stools. Treatment of SA 11 rotavirus with 7.5 µg/ml porcine trypsin for 30 minutes at 37° C irreversibly reduced binding of the antibodies to SA 11 rotavirus in enzyme immunoassays by 50 per cent. Binding was abolished in the presence of rotavirus-negative faecal extracts. These results indicate that non-neutralizing sites on gp 34 of rotaviruses can vary with RNA electropherotype and serotype, and that levels of trypsin currently in use to assist growth of rotaviruses in cell culture may alter the serological profile of the viruses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01310974
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intra- and inter-season genetic variability in the VP 7 gene of serotype 1 (monotype 1 a) rotavirus clinical isolates (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 130 (1993), S. 57-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nucleotide sequence variation was detected in the VP 7 gene of serotype 1 (monotype 1 a) rotavirus isolates collected from children admitted to hospital in Melbourne with acute diarrhoea in 1990 and 1991. Two co-circulating electropherotypes were detected during the 1991 winter epidemic. Using chemical cleavage of mismatches in heteroduplexes, the genes encoding VP 7 were found to be genetically stable within each electropherotype during the study period, although differences between the two types were apparent. Direct nucleotide sequencing confirmed this finding. The two electropherotypes exhibited four nucleotide differences in the VP 7 gene, only one of which resulted in a substitution in the deduced amino acid sequence. The degree of variation was more pronounced between the 1991 isolates and those from the previous winter, with approximately 3% nucleotide sequence diversity between isolates from both winters. The regions encoding the neutralization epitopes of VP 7 were conserved among all isolates. Comparison to the local prototype monotype 1 a strain, RV 4 (isolated from a child admitted to hospital in Melbourne in 1981), implies that the 1990 and 1991 isolates have diverged independently. This suggests that genetically distinct strains emerge from a pool of related viruses to predominate in any given year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01318996
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics of the mammalian phenylalanine hydroxylase system. II. Immunological and two-dimensional gel electrophoretic studies of phenylalanine hydroxylase in cultured normal and mutant rat hepatoma cells (1979)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 17 (1979), S. 921-946 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: hepatoma mutants ; phenylalanine hydroxylase ; two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; subunit structure ; regulatory mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We have examined 11 previously described cultured rat hepatoma mutants with absent or reduced phenylalanine hydroxylase activity (Choo and Cotton, 1977). Immunological and electrophoretic methods failed to detect any structurally altered protein in these mutants. In nine independently isolated revertants from four different mutants, wild-type protein was regained (or accentuated). This evidence suggests that the mutation involved in these mutants is most likely to be regulatory in nature. These studies have provided three reasons for believing that in cultured rat hepatoma cells one gene codes for a single polypeptide chain, a number of which combine to form the active phenylalanine hydroxylase multimer: (1) Analysis of the purified protein by two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed only a single polypeptide chain. (2) This polypeptide was diminished or undetectable in crude extracts of 11 independently isolated mutants with absent or reduced activity. (3) In none of these 11 mutants was the polypeptide we have designated to be phenylalanine hydroxylase present at normal levels, as would be expected if the mutation were at another locus responsible for a possible second subunit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00504313
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetics of the mammalian phenylalanine hydroxylase system. IV. Evidence of phenylalanine hydroxylase in a cultured human hepatoma cell line (1980)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 18 (1980), S. 955-968 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: phenylalanine hydroxylase ; cultured human hepatoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We report here the identification of a cultured human hepatoma cell line which possesses an active phenylalanine hydroxylase system. Phenylalanine hydroxylation was established by growth of cells in a tyrosine-free medium and by the ability of a cell-free extract to convert [14C]phenylalanine to [14C]tyrosine in an enzyme assay system. This enzyme activity was abolished by the presence in the assay system of p-chlorophenylalanine but no significant effect on the activity was observed with 3-iodotyrosine and 6-fluorotryptophan. Use of antisera against pure monkey or human liver phenylalanine hydroxylase has detected a cross-reacting material in this cell line which is antigenically identical to the human liver enzyme. Phenylalanine hydroxylase purified from this cell line by affinity chromatography revealed a multimeric molecular weight (estimated 275,000) and subunit molecular weights (estimated 50,000 and 49,000) which are similar to those of phenylalanine hydroxylase purified from a normal human liver. This cell line should be a useful tool for the study of the human phenylalanine hydroxylase system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500128
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