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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brain stem serotonin-synthesizing neurons in Alzheimer's disease: a clinicopathological correlation (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 638-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Raphe ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neuritic plaques ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The location and number of brain stem serotonin-synthesizing neurons were analyzed in 11 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 5 agematched controls using immunohistochemical techniques. In addition, the number of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the cortex and brain stem raphe was evaluated, as was the number of Nissl-stained raphe neurons. AD patients could be classified into two groups based on their raphe pathology; patients with such pathology (AD+) and those without (AD−). The number of large raphe neurons correlated significantly with the number of serotonin-synthesizing neurons in control material, indicating that all large neurons were serotonergic. This relationship was not apparent in AD+ patients, in whom the number of serotonin-synthesizing neurons correlated with the number of neurofibrillary tangles in the raphe of these patients. This indicates that in AD+ patients the serotonin-synthesizing neurons were selectively affected. There was no correlation between raphe and cortical pathology or raphe pathology and patient sex, age, mini-mental score or depression score, even when such scores were weighted for the interval between testing and death. There was a trend for the raphe pathology to correlate with the age of onset and duration of dementia and the Blessed dementia score in AD+ patients. Most AD+ patients with severe raphe lesions had clinical dementia only, while AD− patients had additional clinical features. The raphe lesions were more dramatic in AD+ patients with a rapid progression of symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227741
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuronal counts from four cortical regions of alcoholic brains (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1989), S. 200-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alcohol ; Brain ; Neuronal counts ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neuronal loss from the frontal superior cortex of the brains of alcoholics has recently been documented. In addition to this, a reduction in the mean neuronal area was also seen in the frontal and motor cortices. This suggested a regional specificity of neuronal damage in the brains of alcoholics. Further quantitation of other cortical regions of the same cases as used in the above study has been performed. The frontal cingulate and temporal cortices were examined and there was found to be no significant alteration in the number of neurons when compared to a control population. There was, however, a significant reduction in the mean size of the neuronal soma in the frontal cingulate cortex (P 〈 0.05). These data support the hypothesis of regional variations in the severity of cerebral cortical damage in alcoholism with shrinkage of neurons in most regions examined but neuronal loss only in the superior frontal gyrus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294379
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic alcoholism in the absence of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and cirrhosis does not result in the loss of serotonergic neurons from the median raphe nucleus (1996)
    Springer
    Metabolic brain disease 11 (1996), S. 217-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7365
    Keywords: Alcohol ; serotonin ; neuropathology ; median raphe nucleus ; Wernicke-Korsakoff ; cirrhosis ; thiamine deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous studies have identified alcohol, thiamine deficiency and liver disease as contributing to the neuropathology of alcohol-related brain damage. In order to examine the effects of alcohol toxicity and thiamine deficiency on serotonergic neurons in the median raphe nucleus (MnR), alcoholic and previously published Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) cases without liver disease, were compared with age-matched non-alcoholic controls. While there was no difference between the estimated number of serotonergic neurons in either controls or alcoholics without WKS (means of 63,010±8,900 and 59,560±8,010 respectively), a substantial loss of serotonergic neurons was previously found in WKS cases (mean of 19,050±13,140). Further analysis revealed a significant difference in the maximum daily alcohol consumption between these groups. However, analysis of covariance showed that the number or serotonergic neurons in the MnR did not correlate with the amount of alcohol consumed. Therefore, our results suggest that cell loss in the MnR can be attributed to thiamine deficiency rather than alcoholper se.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02237959
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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