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  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Pineal gland ; continuous light ; ovulation ; indoles ; melatonin ; HIOMT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the ovulation-maintaining effect of melatonin in rats, exposed to continuous light (LL), was also exerted by other pineal indoles which have been reported to influence the reproductive processes of mammals. The effect of 10μg melatonin was compared with that of similar amounts of either N-acetylserotonin, 5-methoxytryptophol, 5-methoxyindole-3-acetic acid, 5-hydroxytryptophol, 5-methoxytryptamine or 5-methoxytryptophan. All these compounds appeared to be significantly less effective than melatonin in preventing the effect of LL, ovulation being preserved in only 20–33 % of the rats investigated, with melatonin this percentage being 60–75%. Investigations were also carried out to assess the effect of these indole derivatives on HIOMT (hydroxyindole-O-methyl transferase) activity in synthesizing different 5-methoxyindoles in the abnormally influenced pineal gland due to LL. Melatonin, the compound the effect of which on ovarian cyclicity is strongest, stimulates 5-methoxytryptophol synthesis; while other less active compounds stimulate the synthesis of melatonin and inhibit that of O-acetyl-5-methoxytryptophol. The possibility that the effect of other indoles than melatonin on ovarian cyclicity might be due to stimulation of melatonin synthesis was considered. A possible functional relationship of the different indoles cannot be excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen ; Prostate cancer ; Prostatic microcarcinoma ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Monoclonal antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) has been used to identify the growth fraction in ten cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), in 20 prostatic microcarcinomas (PMC) and in 30 cases of infiltrating prostatic carcinoma (PC). Ten year follow-up was available on all cases by means of clinical, serological, radiological and echographic examinations. The percentage of PCNA-staining nuclei was independently counted by two observers. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between PCNA/ cyclin score of BPH and PMC without recurrences with respect to those of PMC with progression and of PC. PCNA immunostaining may represent a reliable method for assessing cellular proliferative activity. It may be used as a more powerful diagnostic hallmark of PMC than patterns of non-malignant microglandular proliferation and is also a useful additional test for assigning histological grades to PMC and PC. Statistical analysis indicated that PCNA/cyclin index was an independent significant prognostic indicator of predicting malignant progression (P〈0.01) and survival rates (P〈0.05) of PC and PMC (〉5 mm diameter).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 10 (1989), S. 301-305 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: AIDS encephalopathy ; multinucleated giant cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Gli AA. riportano gli aspetti neuropatologici di 5 casi autoptici in pazienti con AIDS la cui causa di morte era riferibile ad infezioni opportunistiche associate o meno a sarcoma di Kaposi cutaneo e/o viscerale. In tutti i casi era visibile un marcato edema cerebrale, demielinizzazione e spongiosi della sostanza bianca cerebrale, mentre gli aspetti caretteristici erano costituiti dalla presenza di cellule giganti multinucleate (CGM) poste in prossimità o all'interno dei noduli microgliali. Lo studio immunoistochimico ha dimostrato una netta positività cellulare per l'RCA I e per la Ferritina, mentre i markers per astrociti, neuroni, macrofagi, istiociti, linfociti e cellule endoteliali erano negativi. Questi risultati suffragano l'ipotesi che le CGM possono derivare da cellule microgliali.
    Notes: Abstract We report the neuropathological findings of 5 post-mortem cases of AIDS. The most common causes of the death were multiple opportunistic infections associated with cutaneous and/or visceral Kaposi sarcoma in two cases. Cerebral edema, demyelination and spongiosis of the white matter were present but th most remarkable finding was the presence of multinucleated giant cell (MGC) within and nearby microglial nodules. On immunohistochemical investigation MGC and microglial cells exhibit positive stain only for RCA I and Ferritin, while immunohistochemical markers for astrocytes, neurons, macrophages, histiocytes, lymphocytes and endothelial cells were negative. No microrganism, nor viral inclusions were detected. These results support the hypothesis that MGC may be derived from microglial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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