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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Encapsulation of Microbial Cells into Silica Gel (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 13 (1998), S. 283-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: sol-gel method ; cell encapsulation ; phenol biodegradation ; PCB biodegradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract This work deals with changes in microbial phenol degradation and cell proliferation caused by immobilization into silica gel. Mixed microbial culture and the yeast Candida tropicalis were immobilized in silica layers and pieces prepared by mixing of prepolymerized tetraethoxysilane with cell suspension. The phenol degradation rate of cells entrapped in silica gel was compared with those immobilized into an organic polymer-polyurethane. The phenol degradation efficiency decreased in the following order: free cell suspension 〉 cells entrapped into polyurethane foam 〉 cells entrapped into prepolymerized TEOS. Inside the silica there was no growth observed by optical microscope. The immobilization of bacterium Pseudomonas species 2 into silica gel, cells which co-metabolize PCBs with biphenyl, did not result in substantial change of intermediate concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008655623452
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteolytic activities of tinned meat products (1982)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 174 (1982), S. 271-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The proteolytic activity of tinned beef was assayed using gently denatured125I-labelled human serum albumin as substrate. The method enables measurement of very low proteolytic activities. It was clearly proved that the proteolytic activity of tinned meat is in direct correlation with the processing conditions. Bad processing conditions and long storage are the main factors causing an increase of proteolytic activity. Thermostable proteases of microbial contamination during processing are the source of proteolytic activity. Tissue proteases seem to be inactivated in the course of sterilisation. Long storage of tins of beef is accompanied by an increase of proteolytic activity, which is probably caused by partial reactivation of microbial enzymes.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die proteolytische Aktivität von Rindfleisch in Dosen, wurde mit mäßig denaturiertem125I-markiertem menschlichem Serumalbumin als Substrat bestimmt. Danach steht die proteolytische Aktivität im Fleisch in direkter Beziehung zu den Bedingungen des Verfahrens, wobei die Mängel bei der Produktion und lange Lagerungszeiten die Hauptfaktoren sind, welche die proteolytische Aktitivät erhöhen. Die von der mikrobiellen Kontamination stammenden thermostabilen Proteasen stellen die Ursache der proteolytischen Aktivität dar, während die Gewebe-Proteasen offensichtlich bei der Sterilisation inaktiviert werden. Die lange Lagerung der Rindfleischkonserven hat eine Erhöhung der proteolytischen Aktivität nach sich, die wahrscheinlich auf die partielle Reaktivierung der mikrobiellen Enzyme zuruckzuführen ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01042955
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls by hairy root culture of Solanum nigrum (1997)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 19 (1997), S. 787-790 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) present in the commercial mixture Delor 103 were transformed by hairy root culture of Solanum nigrum. Plant growth regulators kinetin, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid, benzylaminopurin and/or naph-thaleneacetic acid, influenced the cells' growth and transformation of PCBs in a different manner. The cells were able to transform PCBs even if they ceased growing. Young inoculum (16 days) had a 20% lower PCB conversionthan did older inocula (37, 68 days) while biomass increase was much higher using young inoculum. With increasing size of inoculum, transformation of PCBs was stimulated. After 30 days of incubation the average amount of residual PCBs was 40% of the controls at initial PCB concentration of 100 ppm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018348511978
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective enzymic esterification of free fatty acids with n-butanol under microwave irradiation and under classical heating (2000)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 22 (2000), S. 1565-1570 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: blackcurrant oil ; butyl esters ; γ-linolenic acid ; lipase ; microwave irradiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Selective enzymic esterification of free fatty acids, obtained from blackcurrant oil by chemical saponification, with n-butanol using four immobilized lipases under microwave irradiation and under classical heating was studied. A positive effect of microwave irradiation on chemical yields of the products of the enzymic reactions and specificity of lipases were observed in comparison with a controlled heating in an incubator equipped with shaking (classical heating) applied during the identical enzyme-mediated processes. The maximum quantity of γ-linolenic acid (30%) was obtained with Lipozyme used as biocatalyst of the reaction under microwave irradiation. The maximum quantity of butyl γ-linolenate (20%) was obtained by a Pseudomonas cepacia lipase catalyzed esterification under classical heating.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005637018167
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fermentation ofCandida utilis for uricase production (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 6 (1990), S. 85-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Uricase production ; Candida utilis ; Inducer of uricase production ; Fermentation kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Conditions for the production of microbial uricase byCandida utilis were studied. For the selected strain, hypoxanthine proved to be the most effective inducer of uricase formation. The highest values of biomass as well as uricase activity in the mechanically agitated fermentor were obtained under the following conditions: 50 h, rotation impeller speed 7 s−1, air flow rate 1.25×10−5 m3s−1, concentration of inducer 0.1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01576427
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of polychlorinated biphenyls by Solanum nigrum hairy root clone SNC-9O and analysis of transformation products (2000)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 225 (2000), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: environment ; hairy root ; phytoremediation ; plant cells ; polychlorinated biphenyls ; Solanum nigrum ; transformation products
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The study investigates aspects of PCB metabolism by a hairy root culture of Solanum nigrum L. (clone SNC-9O) in vitro. Standard conditions were established for efficient, up to 72% PCB conversion (22 individual PCB congeners examined in commercial mixture Delor 103, 5 g fresh biomass in 100 ml media shaken with 5 mg PCB for 14 days). The conversion products formed from three monochlorobiphenyls were monohydroxychlorobiphenyls and dihydroxychlorobiphenyls, while six dichlorobiphenyls yielded different monohydroxydichlorobiphenyls. Efficiency of the transformation of individual PCB congeners was evaluated together with phytotoxic effect on the clone SNC-9O. Major metabolites of monochlorobiphenyls analysed after extraction from biomass were hydroxylated at the position 4, and 4′, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026551728196
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A chemoenzymatic synthesis of the O-glycosides (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 10 (1998), S. 676-681 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: β-glucosidase from almond ; reverse hydrolysis ; transglucosylation ; enantioselectivity ; enantiomeric excess ; absolute configuration ; alkyl β-D-glucopyranoside ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Almond β-glucosidase was used to catalyze the synthesis of alkyl β-d-glucopyranosides 1b-3b starting from either d-glucose (4) or phenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (5) and the racemic alcohols 1a-3a. The enzymic reactions were provided in different acetonitrile/water mixtures [9:1 (v/v) for the reverse hydrolysis, and 1:9 (v/v) for the transglycosylation]. Both enzymic reactions, that is, the reverse hydrolysis and the transglucosylation, are enantioselective processes. The enantiomeric purity of products 1b-2b of the enzymic reactions varied between 75 and 86% ee, the values of which were based on the analysis of the aglyconic parts (1c-2c) of the alkyl β-d-glucopyranoside molecules (1b-2b). Chirality 10:676-681, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkane assimilation ability of Pseudomonas C12B originally isolated for degradation of alkyl sulfate surfactants (1995)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 17 (1995), S. 765-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Pseudomonas C12B (NCIMB 11753) is able to utilize a broad range of alkyl sulfates. The growth on n-alkanes of different chain lenght (C6–C16) was tested. Pseudomonas C12B assimilated hydrocarbons from C9–C16. Growth rate on n-decane (1%) that was chosen as the typical sole source of carbon and energy depended on oxygen supply. The addition of surfactants (Triton X-100 and Tween-80) in a nontoxic concentrations resulted in increased biomass yield. Under optimal growth conditions Pseudomonas C12B exhibited the maximal growth rate and yield with C11 as the sole carbon source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00130366
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme mediated hydrolysis of acetates (1993)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 15 (1993), S. 1139-1144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The investigation of enzyme mediated hydrolysis of the respective cis- and trans-2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-cyclohexyl acetates has been provided using several lipases. A comparison of results obtained has been summarized in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00131204
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