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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 39 (1991), S. 311-315 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 52 (1968), S. 126-136 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents There are different properties of current-controlling and voltage-controlling transductors but both have the equivalent principle: the alternating saturation of the cores. In this paper is shown that both types of transductors have the same principal relations for power gain and time constant. By choice of parameters we obtain the specialized formulas for the different transductor types.
    Notes: Übersicht Dic stromsteuernden und die spannungssteuernden Transduktorschaltungen verhalten sich im Betrieb zwar grundsätzlich verschieden, beide beruhen aber auf den gleichen Grundprinzipien, nämlich auf der abwechselnden Sättigung und Entsättigung der Transduktordrossenl. Es wird gezeigt, daß trotz der unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften für beide Schaltungsgruppen gemeinsam geltende Bezichungen für die Leistungsverstärkung und für die Ansprechzeit der Steuerwicklungen angegeben werden können. Aus diesen allgemeinen Beziehungen entstchen durch Parameterwahl die speziellen Formeln für die stromsteuernden Schaltungen und für die spannungssteuernden Schaltungen mit Durchflutungssteuerung und mit Flußsteuerung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 862-862 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Glioblastoma multiforme ; surgical treatment ; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied the influence of the type of surgery (microsurgery or macrosurgery) and extent (complete resection with lobectomy, complete resection alone, partial resection with lobectomy or partial esection alone) on early postoperative results and survival time in 118 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for glioblastoma multiforme. Early results were assessed by the Karnofsky score at 4 weeks postoperatively. Survival was compared using Kaplan-Meier curves and Mantel statistics. The median survival time (MST) after microsurgery (12.1 months) was significantly longer than that after macrosurgery (7.3 months). The longer survial after microsurgery was, however, largely attributable to better early results and a consequently higher proportion of patients who could undergo radio-Theraphy. Complete resection was superior to partial resection. Additional lobectomy did not appreciably influence the early results and the MST in completely resected tumours. So the MST after complete resection in the microsurgical group without lobectomy was 12.6 months, with lobectomy 12.9 months. In the macrosurgical group the respective values were 7.4 months without and 8.2 months with lobectomy. In incompletely resected tumours lobectomy worsened the early results compared to incomplete resection alone and led to a shorter MST.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 115 (1992), S. 47-52 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Intracranial pressure ; subarachnoid haemorrhage ; cerebral blood flow ; Cushing response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relationships of intracranial pressure (ICP), systemic blood pressure (SBP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) during experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage were investigated in cats. Continuous monitoring of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was done by a thermal diffusion method using a Peltier stack. During haemorrhage ICP rose within 5.4±0.97 minutes from 10.5±4.9 to 176.1±27.8 mmHg. This strong increase of ICP resulted in a temporary arrest of cerebral circulation. The Cushing response during the haemorrhage could not improve the cerebral circulation, but in contrast caused a further increase of ICP. After the haemorrhage the cerebral blood flow normalised within minutes. It is concluded, that the Cushing response during a subarachnoid haemorrhage should be regarded as a deleterious rather than a beneficial mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 32 (1975), S. 147-158 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Arteriovenous malformations ; surgery ; grading system ; prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The case histories and angiograms of 93 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for arteriovenous malformations were analyzed retrospectively to find clinical and radiological prognostic factors influencing the outcome. A stepwise multiple regression was performed as follows. All radiological data such as size, location, and feeding and draining vessels as well as the clinical data such as age, sex, clinical grade on admission were introduced into the model and tested whether they contributed significantly to the prediction of the outcome which was the target variable. If so they were retained, otherwise eliminated. By this procedure the following features were indentified as significant prognostic factors which adversely influence the outcome: poor clinical grade, feeding vessels from the A 1-segment and the anterior communicating artery, feeders from the M 1-segment, feeders from the Rolandic branches of the middle cerebral artery, a shunt through the anterior communicating artery. Neither the presence of a particular draining vein nor the type of the venous drainage when devided into superfical or deep had an influence on the outcome. Nor was the size of the lesion of significant importance. The bearing of these findings on the value of established grading systems is discussed and a new grading system is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 12 (1964), S. 394-402 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In many closed head injuries the rate of recovery is obviously slow related to the severity of the initial state. This relationship can be founded on the fact that as well as the contusional lesions of the brain there is also an intracerebral haemorrhage of varying extent to be considered. However, such cases are only going to be revealed, if all severe head injuries are routinely investigated by cerebral angiography. Without angiographic verification many clinical states will be attributed to severe contusion when, in reality, they are caused by intracerebral haemorrhage. As one of our cases shows, a large intracerebral haematoma can be clinically completely silent in its early stages. The earlier recognition of such complications is however of great importance to the prognosis of the patients. Hence it is advisable to perform angiograms not only earlier but in larger proportions of all severe head injuries. The fear that angiography of itself subjects the recently injured patient to additional risk or injury is unfounded.
    Abstract: Résumé Dans de nombreux traumatismes craniens fermés, le temps de guérison est évidemment plus ou moins lent suivant la gravité de l'état initial. Ceci peut s'expliquer par le fait, qu'en mÊme temps que des contusions du cerveau, il faut envisager également une hémorragie cérébrale d'importance variable. Cependant, de tels cas se révèlent aisément, si, devant toute lésion grave de la tÊte, on pratique une investigation par angiographie cérébrale systématique. Sans vérification angiographique, de nombreux états cliniques sont attribués à une contusion grave, alors qu'en réalité ils sont occasionnés par une hémorragie cérébrale. Comme le montre l'un de nos cas, un grand hématome intracérébral peut se présenter sans aucun signe clinique à son premier stade. Le diagnostic précoce de telles complications est cependant d'une importance primordiale pour le pronostic. A cause de ceci il est opportun de réaliser des angiographies non seulement précoces mais encore dans de très larges proportions devant tous les traumatismes graves. Le crainte que l'angiographie sur un malade récemment traumatisé ajoute un risque ou une lésion supplémentaire est à rejeter.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei vielen gedeckten SchÄdel-Hirn-Verletzungen ist der Heilungsverlauf im VerhÄltnis zur Schwere des Anfangszustandes auffÄllig verzögert. Diese Verzögerung kann darin begründet sein, da\ neben der contusionellen SchÄdigung des Gehirns noch eine mehr oder minder gro\e intracerebrale Blutung vorliegt. Solche FÄlle sind aber nur dann zu erfassen, wenn alle schwereren SchÄdelhirntraumen grundsÄtzlich einer cerebralen Angiographie unterzogen werden. Ohne die angiographische Sicherung wird manches Zustandsbild als schwere Contusio angesehen werden, welches durch eine Hirnsubstanzblutung bedingt ist. Wie einer unserer FÄlle zeigt, kann auch ein grö\eres intracerebrales HÄmatom klinisch zunÄchst völlig stumm sein. Die Früherkennung solcher Komplikationen ist jedoch für die Heilungsaussichten der Verletzten von gro\er Bedeutung. Es ist deshalb empfehlenswert, alle schwereren SchÄdelhirnverletzungen hÄufiger und frühzeitiger zu angiographieren. Die Furcht vor einer zusÄtzlichen GefÄhrdung oder SchÄdigung frisch Verletzter durch die Angiographie selbst ist unbegründet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 28 (1973), S. 201-212 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The authors describe a simple method for the postoperative monitoring of intracranial pressure. At the end of an intracranial operation the distal tip of a thin polyethylene catheter provided with a wick of combed cottonwool fibers is left within the tumour cavity or subdural space prior to the closure of the dura. The proximal tip of the saline-filled wick-catheter is connected to a conventional pressure transducer. The liquid columns in the clefts between the individual fibres of the wick ensure a reliable transmission of intracranial pressure through the catheter, while the wick as a whole prevents the obstruction of its distal tip by blood, fibrin or tissue. At the end of the monitoring period the wick-catheter is withdrawn and discarded.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Verfasser beschreiben ein einfaches Verfahren zur postoperativen überwachung des SchÄdelinnendruckes. Nach Beendigung eines Eingriffes am Gehirn wird das mit einem Docht aus gekÄmmten Baumwollfasern versehene distale Ende eines dünnen PolyÄthylenkatheters vor Verschlu\ der Dura in der Tumorresthöhle oder im Subduralraum belassen. Das proximale Ende des mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung gefüllten Docht-Katheters wird mit einem gewöhnlichen Druckumwandler verbunden. In den Spalten zwischen den einzelnen Fasern des Dochtes bilden sich FlüssigkeitssÄulen, die eine zuverlÄssige Druckübertragung gestatten, wÄhrend der Docht als solcher der Verlegung des Katheters durch Blut, Fibrin oder Gewebe verhindert. Am Ende der Me\periode wird der Docht-Katheter herausgezogen und verworfen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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