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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automatic extraction of roads from aerial images based on scale space and snakes (2000)
    Springer
    Machine vision and applications 12 (2000), S. 23-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1769
    Keywords: Key words:Automatic road extraction – Aerial imagery – Snakes – Multi-scale – Evaluation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract. We propose a new approach for automatic road extraction from aerial imagery with a model and a strategy mainly based on the multi-scale detection of roads in combination with geometry-constrained edge extraction using snakes. A main advantage of our approach is, that it allows for the first time a bridging of shadows and partially occluded areas using the heavily disturbed evidence in the image. Additionally, it has only few parameters to be adjusted. The road network is constructed after extracting crossings with varying shape and topology. We show the feasibility of the approach not only by presenting reasonable results but also by evaluating them quantitatively based on ground truth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001380050121
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trapping and reflection coefficients for3He in Ni at oblique incidence (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 79.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The areal density and the depth distribution of3He trapped in Ni as a function of the bombarding fiuence was measured in the energy range of 1–25 keV and at angles of incidence between 0 and 85° using nuclear reaction analysis. At fluences below saturation a linear relation is found between the areal density and the fiuence. From its slope the trapping and reflection coefficients can be determined. The experimental data for trapping and reflection coefficients and for the depth profiles were compared with computer simulation results from the TRIM program. To reduce uncertainties in the absolute values of the experimental trapping coefficients, they were normalized to the TRIM values at normal incidence. The dependence of the measured reflection coefficient on the angle of incidence between 0 and 80° shows good agreement with the calculated data for incident energies from 3 to 25 keV, but for 1 keV the measured reflection coefficients are higher than the calculated ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617186
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tridyn-binary collision simulation of atomic collisions and dynamic composition changes in solids
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Computer Physics Communications 51 (1988), S. 355-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 0010-4655
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0010-4655(88)90148-8
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge state fractions of sputtered Ni
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applications of Surface Science 22-23 (1985), S. 136-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-5963
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5963(85)90045-5
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reflection of low energy hydrogen from carbon at oblique incidence (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 6609-6615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The particle reflection coefficient is determined experimentally and by computer simulation for the bombardment of two different kinds of carbon with deuterium at normal and oblique incidence in the energy range from 1 keV down to 33 eV. Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and EK98 graphites served as targets, the former as an example with a relatively flat surface, the latter with a rough surface topography. The experimental technique is based on the measurement of the trapped amount by nuclear reaction analysis using the reaction d(3He,p)α; protons are detected with a surface barrier detector. It is found that the usual assumption of complete trapping at low fluences is not fulfilled at low energies (≤100 eV). This is demonstrated by measuring the decrease of the implanted amount of deuterium with further bombardment of protons at the same energy. This loss of implanted atoms can be described by an exponential function which can be used to determine the correct trapping coefficient and from this the correct particle reflection coefficient. The experimentally determined particle reflection coefficients for HOPG agree reasonably well with data calculated with the Monte Carlo program TRIM.SP (version TRVMC); only at the lowest energy of 50 eV the experimental values are somewhat higher at intermediate angles of incidence than the calculated ones. The rough surface of EK98 is investigated with a scanning tunneling microscope. It is found that this surface can be described by a fractal surface of dimension 2.05. For this surface agreement of the experimental values with those calculated with the program VFTRIM (based on TRIM.SP, assuming a fractal surface) is found. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359071
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition and hydrogen content of carbon films grown by CH+3 ion-beam bombardment (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 5366-5372 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Carbon deposition and hydrogen codeposition is investigated as a function of ion energy, fluence, and target temperature at normal incidence by bombardment of silicon and pyrolitic graphite substrates with mass selected CH+3 molecules. An amorphous hydrogenated carbon layer (a-C:H) is formed in a thickness range of 40–130 nm at a fluence of 3×1018/cm2. The deposition process, the re-erosion phenomenon, the hydrogen content, and the H/C ratios of the carbon films are studied between 300 and 1000 K in the ion energy range from 150 eV to 3 keV. The experimental results are compared with those of TRIDYN computer simulations and previous experimental results of carbon sputtering by atomic H+ and C+ beams in order to obtain a better understanding of the interaction between hydrocarbon ions and the carbon-based wall materials in fusion devices. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359717
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical properties of sputtering from individual atomic collision cascades in solids (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 3975-3980 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The correlation between sputtering and several features of individual cascades is investigated with the trim.sp program. A comparison with other simulation models indicates that the sputtering statistics is not deeply influenced by the target model. Also, the distributions of sputtering related quantities were found quite similar when resulting from cascades generated by particles which are implanted or backscattered, although the number and the distribution of displacements produced can be well distinguished. A partition of the individual cascades is made based on the sputtering frequency. The sputtering energy distributions are found similar in all classes. These features illustrate the similarity between the statistics of sputtering from individual and statistical cascades. The situation is different as the relation between the number of sputtered atoms and the surface deposited energy is concerned. The same number of sputtered atoms is associated with a broad distribution of deposited energies. Their profile is dependent on the number of sputtered atoms, and the sputtering frequency is not always linearly dependent on either the mean or the mode of the surface-deposited energy distribution. Finally, a surface-deposited energy threshold is emphasized for sputtering, which correlates to the anisotropy of the momentum flux distribution in the vicinity of the surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350869
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct recoil sputtering and secondary ion production
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 27 (1987), S. 78-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-583X(87)90009-7
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comment on ''Isotopic fractionation in the sputtering of ^9^2Mo-^1^0^0Mo targets'' by D.L. Weathers, S.J. Spicklemire, T.A. Tombrello, I.D. Hutcheon and H. Gnaser
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 83 (1993), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-583X(93)95851-U
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of carbon film growth from low energy ion beams using dynamic trajectory simulations and Auger electron spectroscopy
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 83 (1993), S. 351-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-583X(93)95855-Y
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