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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 570-572 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Anoxic injury ; mitochondrial respiration ; renal medulla ; acute renal failure ; renal metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In brain1, heart2 and kidney3, cell work in the absence of oxygen has been thought to precipitate anoxic damage by increasing the rate of depletion of cellular energy stores. In the medullary thick ascending limb of isolated perfused rat kidneys, however, reduction of ATP synthesis by a variety of mitochondrial or metabolic inhibitors caused ATP depletion comparable to that produced by oxygen deprivation but did not reproduce the lesions of anoxia. In these cells, unrestrained mitochondrial activity may be an important source of anoxic injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Essential hypertension ; Renin angiotensin aldosterone system ; Bodyweight ; Blood pressure in childhood ; Essentielle Hypertonie ; Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-System ; Körpergewicht ; Blut-druck beim Kind
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden 294 Nachkommen (5–34 Jahre) essentieller Hypertoniker bezüglich Blutdruck, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-System and anderer kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren wie Glukose, Cholesterin und Triglyzeride untersucht und mit 122 Nachkommen (5–34 Jahre) normotoner Eltern verglichen. Dabei zeigte sich, daß Nachkommen essentieller Hypertoniker im Mittel statistisch signifikant höhere systolische und diastolische Blutdruckwerte zeigten als solche normotoner Eltern (p〈0,003 bzw. 0,005). Weiter ließ sich bei Kindern hypertoner Eltern im Mittel ein signifikant höheres Körpergewicht und ein größerer Body-Mass-Index beobachten als im Kontrollkollektiv (p〈0,006 bzw. 0,001). Mit Ausnahme statistisch signifikant niedrigerer Ruhe-Plasma-Aldosteronwerte (p〈0,002) bei Kindern essentieller Hypertoniker ließen sich zwischen beiden Kollektiven keine Unterschiede im Stimulationsaldosteron, in der Ruhe- und Stimulations-Plasma-Renin-Aktivität und im Plasmacortisol nachweisen. Ebenfalls zeigten die beiden Kollektive bezüglich der anderen untersuchten Parametern wie Kreatinin, Glukose, Cholesterin und Triglyzeride keine wesentlichen Unterschiede. Weiterhin wurden in der vorliegenden Untersuchung 41 hypertone Elternteile, 65 (normotone) Ehepartner von Hypertonikern und 47 (normotone) Eltern von Kontrollkindern untersucht. Erwarungsgemäß zeigten Hypertoniker statistisch signifikant höhere Blutdruckwerte als ihre Ehepartner und die Kontrolleltern (p〈0,001). Interessanterweise zeigten die hypertonen Eltern nicht nur einen höheren Body-Mass-Index als Kontrolleltern sondeern auch als Ehepartner (p〈0,01 bzw. 〈0,02). Diese Befunde stützen eine vorwiegend genetische Disposition als zugrundeliegende Ursache des höheren Körpergewichtsverhaltens und lassen eine vermehrte Nahrungsmittelaufnahme in Hypertonikerfamilien eher als unwahrscheinlich erscheinen. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie legen es nahe, daß durch eine möglichst frühzeitige Kontrolle des Körpergewichtsverhaltens bei Nachkommen essentieller Hypertoniker ein Beitrag zur Primärprävention der Hochdruckkrankheit geleistet werden kann.
    Notes: Summary In the present study, blood pressure, the renin angiotensin aldosterone system, and other cardiovascular risk factors, such as glucose, cholesterine, and triglycerides, were investigated in 294 offspring of essential hypertensives (5–34 years) and in 122 children of normotensive parents (5–34 years). Offspring of essential hypertensives showed statistically significant higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure values than those of normotensive parents (p〈0.003, 〈0.005, respectively). Furthermore, in children of hypertensive parents a statistically significant higher body weight and body mass index than in controls could be observed (p〈0.006, 〈0.001, respectively). With the exception of statistically significant, lower mean supine plasma aldosterone values (p〈0.02) in children of hypertensive parents, no major differences between the two groups were seen in stimulated aldosterone, supine and stimulated plasma renin activity, and plasma cortisol. Furthermore, in the present study, 41 hypertensive parents, 65 (normotensive) spouses of hypertensives, and 47 (normotensive) parents of control children were investigated. As expected, hypertensive parents showed statistically significant higher blood pressure values than parents of control children and their spouses (p〈0.001). Interestingly, hypertensive parents had not only a higher body mass index than control parents but also than their spouses (p〈0.01 and 〈0.02, respectively). These findings support a genetic disposition as being the underlying cause of higher body weight in hypertensives and make it less probable that a higher food intake in hypertensive families is responsible for this phenomenon. The results of the present study indicate that early body weight control in children of hypertensive parents may be an important contribution to the prevention of hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 94 (1986), S. 205-215 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Na,K-ATPase ; vanadate ; rubidium ; shark rectal gland ; ouabain ; cAMP ; theophylline ; furosemide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Scatchard analysis of3H ouabain bound to isolated rectal gland cells as a function of increasing ouabain concentrations produced a concave curvilinear plot that was resolved into two specific sites with either a high (I) or low (II) affinity for ouabain. Cyclic cAMP/theophylline (±furosemide, 10−4 m) increased the amount of3H ouabain bound to the high-affinity site I. Vanadate, a phosphate congener which promotes formation of the ouabain-binding state of the enzyme, mimicked the effects of cAMP/theophylline at low concentrations of ouabain, suggesting that cAMP/theophylline increases binding to site I by enhancing the rate of turnover of resident enzyme. Enhanced86Rb uptake seen following cAMP/theophylline administration was primarily associated with increased flux through the high-affinity ouabain site, and this stimulation was not obliterated by the co-administration of furosemide. A model was presented which suggested the presence of two noninteracting pools of enzyme or isozymes which exhibit either a high or low affinity for ouabain. Cyclic AMP both stimulated turnover via site I, and modified the kinetics of binding of3H ouabain to site II. The (ave)K d of3H ouabain for site II was increased from 3.6 μm (controls) to 0.5 μm (cAMP/theophylline) and the Hill coefficient was modified from 0.45 (controls) to 1.12 (caMP/theophylline), suggesting a transition from a negative- to a noncooperative binding state. While furosemide reversed the effects of cAMP/theophylline on site II kinetics, it did not obliterate cAMP/theophylline effects on site I. This suggests that cAMP may alter the intrinsic turnover rate of this particular pool of Na,K-ATPase in shark rectal gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 44 (1993), S. 27-37 
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 38 (1976), S. 46-68 
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 23 (1978), S. 279-279 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The prevalence of coronary heart disease in predisposing symptoms in 2 entire communities was estimated by means of the standardized WHO questionnaire, yielding rates around 10% and 25% at ages 20–49 and 50–64, respectively.
    Notes: Résume La prévalence de 1'insuffisance coronarienne et de ses symptômes prédisposants fut estimée à l'aide du questionnaire standardisé de l'OMS: à savoir approximativement 10% parmi les sujets de 20–49 ans, 25% parmi ceux de 50–64 ans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 26 (1981), S. 208-208 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 26 (1981), S. 208-208 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 28 (1983), S. 95-98 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Recently published results of large scale intervention studies (Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, MRFIT, and European Intervention Study, World Health Organziation European Collaborative Group) seem to question, according to some observers, the basis of population oriented cardiovascular prevention. As the National Research Program 1A “Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Switzerland” was based on the same assumptions regarding the relationship of risk factors and cardiovascular disease, the authors discussed the implication of the two studies for Switzerland. A detailed analysis of the European Intervention Study shows, that in spite of the overall non-significant mortality reduction of 8% there were important differences between participating countries, with significant differences in Belgium and Italy, both with innovative health education programs. MRFIT shows an important reduction of risk factors also in the control group, indicating a beneficial effect of “usual care” by practising physicians. Together with the recent recommendations of a WHO expert committee the authors conclude, that the two studies do not invalidate the principles of cardiovascular prevention.
    Abstract: Résumé Sur la base d'une discussion détaillée de deux études d'intervention récemment publiées (MRFIT, WHO European Collaborative Trial) les auteurs ouvrent la discussion sur la mise en doute des résultats des bases scientifiques du Programme National de Recherche 1A “Prévention des maladies cardio-vasculaires en Suisse”. A la vue du rapport récent d'un groupe d'experts de l'OMS, ils concluent qu' en considérant les expériences acquises par des grandes études, les principes de base de la prévention cardio-vasculaire visant toute la population restent valides.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Ergebnisse neuerer Interventionsstudien im Bereich der kardiovaskulären Prävention fielen teilweise nicht den Erwartungen entsprechend aus. Anhand einer ausführlichen Diskussion des Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trials (MRFIT) und der Europäischen Interventionsstudie (“World Health Organization European Collaborative Group”) wird untersucht, inwieweit diese Ergebnisse die Voraussetzungen für die kardiovaskuläre Prävention insbesondere auf Bevölkerungsebene, welche auch dem Nationalen Forschungsprogramm 1A “Prophylaxe von Herz-Kreislauf-Krankheiten in der Schweiz” zugrunde lagen, in Frage stellen. Die Analyse der beiden Studien ergibt allerdings, dass nicht pauschal von einem enttäuschenden Ergebnis gesprochen werden kann. Im Gegenteil zeigen sich insbesondere bei der europäischen Interventionsstudie deutliche Resultate in denjenigen Ländern, in welchen auch ein innovatives Gesundheits-programm durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse der MRFIT-Studie weisen zudem darauf hin, dass insbesondere die Kontrollgruppe, aufgrund des Studiendesigns ebenfalls für Gesundheit motivierte Personen, von der Betreuung durch die praktizierenden Aerzte profitiert hat. Im Zusammenhang mit den neusten Empfehlungen eines WHO-Expertenkomitees ergibt sich deshalb, dass die grundsätzlichen Zielsetzungen für die bevölkerungsorientierte kardiovaskuläre Prävention nach wie vor Gültigkeit haben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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