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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is captopril effective in controlling blood pressure when administered once daily? An assessment using 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 11-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: hypertension ; captopril ; once-daily administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twelve patients with essential hypertension receiving captopril monotherapy or captopril in conjunction with a diuretic had their 24-h blood pressure profiles monitored using an automatic, non-invasive ambulatory method. The study examined the efficacy of once a day versus twice a day administration of the ACE inhibitor in controlling blood pressure. Six untreated subjects with borderline hypertension were also studied using the same monitoring equipment and with the same frequency, to act as controls because of the possibility of repeated use of the device causing a ‘familiarisation’ effect. The results obtained indicated that if anything, the once daily dosing produced marginally better blood pressure values. The amplitude of the diurnal blood pressure variation was reduced on a ‘second-wearing’ of the monitoring equipment suggesting some degree of familiarisation with the apparatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561016
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and selective β1-antagonists on bronchial reactivity and the cough reflex in man (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 467-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: captopril ; enalapril ; asthma ; histamine inhalation test ; cough threshold ; atenolol ; metoprolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The non-specific bronchial reactivity and cough threshold of hypertensive patients on an ACE-I monotherapy regimen (either captopril or enalapril), a β1-antagonist monotherapy regimen (either atenolol or metoprolol) or a combination of an ACE-I with a β1-antagonist were determined in the present study. Forty-six hypertensives who were on these medications performed a histamine inhalation test (to assess bronchial reactivity) and a further 36 of these individuals participated in the citric acid test (to assess cough threshold). A control cohort consisting of 25 age-matched, drug-free subjects also performed the citric acid test. The incidence of bronchial hyperreactivity was not significantly different between the ACE-I monotherapy regimen and the β1-antagonist monotherapy regimen (Chi-squared =0.248). However, when the monotherapy regimens were pooled and compared with the ACE-I and β1-antagonist combination regimen, the combination regimen was found to be associated with a significantly higher incidence of bronchial hyperreactivity (Chi-squared =6.69). No difference was observed between the age-matched controls and the hypertensive patients in terms of their cough threshold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558125
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interference from digoxin-like immunoreactive substance(s) in commercial digoxin kit assay methods (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 39 (1990), S. 359-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: digoxin ; immunoassay ; analytical interference ; therapeutic drug monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have examined the current state of interference by digoxin-like immunoreactive substance(s) (DLIS) in 10 commercially available digoxin assay methods, ie 5 radioimmunoassays (RIA) and 5 non-radioactive immunoassays. Fifty-five specimens of maternal venous blood (30 from third trimester pregnancy and 25 at delivery) and 32 cord samples from their offspring were tested (none of the subjects being medicated with digoxin). The results demonstrated a wide range of DLIS interference with values up to 1.1 μg·l−1 being obtained in the cord blood specimens. Of the methods tested the “Coat-a Count” RIA (Diagnostic Products Corporation) and the EMIT column method (Syva) run on the Cobas MIRA (Roche) consistently showed the least interference with respect to all 3 sources of specimens. The Delfia Method (LKB/Wallac) consistently showed the greatest crossreactivity with DLIS. The present study thus demonstrates that DLIS interference persists in several commercial digoxin methods and suggests that the use of data obtained from such methods may compromise patient management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315410
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digoxin-like immunoreactive substance levels in cord blood obtained from twins (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 40 (1991), S. 199-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Digoxin-like immunoreative substance (DLIS) ; cord blood ; twins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280079
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of ketoconazole after chronic administration in adults (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 531-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ketoconazole ; pharmacokinetics ; antimycotic drug
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the pharmacokinetics of the anti-mycotic ketoconazole in seven patients who took it for 1–6 months at a dose of 200 mg daily. The mean elimination half-life of the drug was 3.3 h, and although the ketoconazole was given only once daily, a satisfactory clinical response was obtained in all seven individuals. Only a small fraction of the absorbed drug (mean 0.22%) was excreted unchanged in the urine, suggesting almost complete metabolism. Our results support the concept that anti-mycotic activity in the tissues continues after the plasma drug concentration has fallen below a critical level. Our results also support the concept of a change in pharmacokinetics with chronic dosing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544251
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of temazepam following oral drug administration (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 38 (1990), S. 153-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: temazepam ; CSF ; plasma drug levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirteen male patients were administered 20 mg of temazepam orally 1 to 2 h prior to undergoing spinal anaesthesia for a urological procedure. Samples of blood and CSF were drawn just before insertion of the spinal and the concentration of drug estimated in these two media. The results obtained indicated that a highly significant correlation existed between the unbound concentration of temazepam in plasma and the concentration of drug present in CSF. Temazepam appeared to be an effective light pre-medicant in all of the subjects studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265975
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of renal and hepatic impairment and of spironolactone on digoxin immunoassays (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 34 (1988), S. 233-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: digoxin ; spironolactone ; immunoassay ; cross-reactivity ; therapeutic monitoring ; assay inaccuracy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of renal and/or hepatic dysfunction, and of concomitant spironolactone therapy, on seven commercial digoxin assays was evaluated in 45 patients taking both these drugs, and a comparison made with the digoxin concentrations measured using the same assays in 30 patients taking digoxin in the absence of spironolactone. The study showed that increasing renal dysfunction resulted in increasing inaccuracy in assay results with the methods tested. The influence of concomitant spironolactone was to produce a further distortion, which was shown to be additive in patients with impaired renal and/or liver function. The results highlight the unresolved specificity problems which persist in many, if not all, of the immunoassays currently offered to clinical laboratories which, if not recognised, could significantly influence digoxin therapy and patient management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00540949
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of substituting frusemide for a thiazide diuretic in the drug regimens of patients with essential hypertension (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 31-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: thiazide diuretics ; hypertension ; electrolytes ; frusemide ; loop diuretics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eighteen patients with mild to moderate hypertension on a drug regimen which included a thiazide diuretic had the latter substituted by frusemide for twelve weeks after an initial two-week placebo wash-out period. Blood pressure and heart rate and a number of plasma and urinary biochemical indices were measured. Significant findings included a reduction in standing blood pressure and an elevation of plasma sodium, potassium, chloride, osmolarity, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase levels at the end of the twelve week frusemide phase relative to the values on the thiazide. However the means for all the biochemical indices remained within the normal laboratory reference limits. In the 24-hour urinary studies, no significant findings emerged, apart from an elevated calcium. The foregoing suggest that frusemide is an effective component of an anti-hypertensive drug regimen and that in a dose of 40 mg/day it produces no detectable perturbations of plasma electrolytes. The significance of the enhanced levels of urinary calcium excretion in conjunction with the augmented plasma alkaline phosphatase is unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00610376
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Felodipine in combination with a β-adrenoceptor blocker as an effective substitute for triple therapy in severe hypertension (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 41 (1991), S. 393-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Felodipine ; β-blocker ; combination therapy ; essential hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the efficacy and tolerability of felodipine plus a β-adrenoceptor blocker in 79 patients with essential hypertension previously treated with a combination of three or more anti-hypertensive agents, one of which was a β-adrenoceptor blocker. After a 4-week run-in period on the same β-blocker plus placebo (as a substitute for the other agents in the regimen), felodipine was added and its dose titrated to achieve a supine diastolic blood pressure or less than 90 mm Hg. This was followed by a 12-week maintenance phase in all patients, and 47 patients entered an optional long-term follow-up for an additional 9 months. The mean supine blood pressure was 149/88 mm Hg at entry and 174/108 mm Hg after the run-in phase. Felodipine significantly reduced the blood pressure to 142/85 mm Hg after dose titration and to 141/84 mm Hg after 12 weeks, 94% of patients achieving a supine diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or below. This reduction was maintained in the patients who were followed for 12 months. The adverse events recorded were usually mild, transient, and typical for an effective precapillary vasodilator. Nine of 74 patients (11%) were withdrawn in the first phase of the study because of adverse events and 5 of 47 patients were withdrawn during the long-term follow-up. These results show that the efficacy and tolerability of a combination of felodipine with a β-blocker allow a simplified regimen for hypertensive patients who were previously taking three or more drugs for satisfactory blood pressure control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00626357
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of a new sublingual formulation of temazepam (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 35 (1988), S. 437-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: temazepam ; formulations ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of a new 10 mg sublingual tablet formulation of temazepam and those of a currently marketed 10 mg oral capsule formulation were evaluated in a group of ten healthy volunteers. No significant differences were observed between the two formulations with respect to any of the pharmacokinetic parameters assessed. Lethargy and somnolence were reported on both capsule and tablet by several subjects at a time which corresponded with the maximum concentration of drug in plasma. The data indicate that the sublingual tablet and orally administered capsule have a similar pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561380
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