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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graphisation and lexication of slavic languages under the Christian Missions
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    History of European Ideas 13 (1991), S. 19-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0191-6599
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: History , Political Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0191-6599(91)90110-K
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term soft tissue reaction to various polylactides and their in vivo degradation (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 7 (1996), S. 713-721 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Cylindrical pins made from poly(L-lactide), poly(L/D-lactide) 95/5% and poly(L/DL-lactide) 95/5% were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of sheep. The tissue reaction to the implanted materials and their in vivo degradation was investigated at 1,3,6 and 12 months. The capsule formed around the polylactide implants consisted of fibroblasts, fibrocytes, phagocytes, a few foreign body giant cells and polymorphonuclear cells. For all three polylactides used, the cellular response was most intensive during the first 6 months of implantation and significantly subsided at 1 year. The thickness of the capsule was 200 μm at 1 month, increased to 200–600 μm at 6 months, and decreased to 100 to 200 μm at 1 year, depending on the material used. The tissue reaction was more intense for poly(L/D-lactide) than for poly(L/DL-lactide) and poly(L-lactide). The drop in molecular weight of the implants was highest after 1 month of implantation (70 to 95%). Irrespective of the extensive reduction of the molecular weight at 1 month, none of the polymers used was completely resorbed at 1 year. The most advanced resorption was observed for poly(L/D-lactide). Despite molecular weight reduction, the poly(L-lactide) implants had maintained 70% of their initial bending strength and 95% of their shear strength at 3 months. The poly (L/D-lactide) and poly(L/DL-lactide) had maintained only 26 to 27% of their initial bending strength and 26 to 31% of the initial shear strength, respectively. The crystallinity of all the materials increased after implantation as compared with nonimplanted materials. The overall crystallinity increase and the final crystallinity reached by the materials at 1 year was, however, lowest for poly(L/DL-lactide) as compared with the other two polylactides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00121406
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyurethane microporous membranes as pericardial substitutes (1987)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 265 (1987), S. 971-977 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Polyurethanes ; polyhydroxybutyrate ; medical application ; pericardial substitute ; adhesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Pericardial substitutes were prepared from stable and degradable segmented polyurethanes and/or polyurethane/polyhydroxybutyrate composites. Polyurethane membranes implanted as pericardial substitute in the rabbit, did not activate adhesion and epicardial reaction over 3 months. Polyurethane/polyhydroxybutyrate membranes induced minimal adhesion or epicardial reaction, yet stimulated the growth of epithelium on the polymeric substrate and reduced the incidence of infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01412399
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimentelle Rekonstruktion der Orbita beim Schaf mit biodegradablen Implantaten (1998)
    Springer
    Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie 2 (1998), S. S117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Orbitarekonstruktion ; Resorbierbare Implantate ; Polylaktat ; Key words Orbital reconstruction ; Biodegradable implants ; Polylactide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In a complex animal model in sheep, polydioxanone (PDS®) and polylactic membranes were used for the reconstruction of large orbital-wall defects. In a long-term experiment over 1 year, polylactic implants alone showed the best performance as compared with combinations involving autogenous bone grafts and titanium miniplate fixation. As soon as these polylactic implants are approved for human surgery, they will be used to solve the still challenging problem of anatomical reconstruction of large comminuted fractures of more than one orbital wall.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einem experimentellen Modell wurden biodegradierbare Membranen aus Polydioxanon (PDS ® ) resp. Polylaktat zur Rekonstruktion großer Orbitawanddefekte bei Schafen verwendet. Im Langzeitversuch über ein Jahr zeigten diejenigen Rekonstruktionen die besten Resultate, bei welchen ausschließlich biodegradierbare Implantate aus Polylaktat zur Anwendung kamen. Bei gleichzeitiger Verwendung von autologen Knochentransplantaten und Titan-Miniplatten-Osteosynthesen war die anatomische Form der rekonstruierten Orbita weniger zuverlässig gewährleistet. Es darf erwartet werden, dass die klinische Zulassung der Polylaktat-Implantate die chirurgische Wiederherstellung ausgedehnter Trümmerfrakturen mehrerer Orbitawände wesentlich erleichtern wird und zu vorhersehbaren, anatomischen Rekonstruktionen führt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014455
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of a resorbable augmentation device to secure plating of osteoporotic bones (1997)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 21 (1997), S. 217-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Des humérus de cadavres humains dont le caractère osteoporotique fût déterminé par tomodensitométrie ont été osteotomisés et ostéosynthésés. Les neufs paires ont été divisées aléatoirement en 3 groupes. Dans le groupe I, l’ostéotomie fût ostéosynthésée à l’aide d’une plaque en T sans renforcement. L’humérus controlatéral était renforcé par une barre en polylactate et l’osteosynthèse fixée à l’aide d’une plaque en T. Dans le group II, l’ostéotomie fût ostéosynthésée à l’aide d’une plaque en T sans renforcement. L’humérus controlatéral était renforcé par du méthylméthacrylate et l’osteosynthèse fixée à l’aide d’une plaque en T. Dans le groupe III, l’ostéotomie fût renforcée par une barre en polylactate et l’osteosynthèse fixée à l’aide d’une plaque en T. L’humérus controlatéral était renforcé avec du méthylméthacrylate et l’osteosynthèse fixée à l’aide d’une plaque en T. La force d’arrachement des vis insérées dans l’os renforcé par le polylactate était identique à la force d’arrachement des vis insérées dans l’os renforcé par le méthylméthacrylate. Les osteotomies renforcées par la barre en polylactate avaient un moment de torsion supérieur à celles renforcées avec du ciment et aux non renforcées. Les barres en polylactate peuvent potentiellement être utilisées pour le renforcement d’os ostéoporotique.
    Notes: Summary. Osteotomies in porotic human cadaveric humeri were fixed with metallic plates and screws in 3 experimental groups. In group I, osteotomies of the 3 arbitrarily chosen humeri were plated without reinforcement. The osteotomies of the contralateral 3 humeri were plated after reinforcement with a poly(L-lactide) augmentation device. In group II, osteotomies on one side were plated without reinforcement, but those of the contralateral humeri were plated after reinforcement with methylmethacrylate. In group III, the osteotomies of 3 humeri were plated and reinforced with poly(L-lactide) and in the 3 contralateral humeri were plated after reinforcement with methylmethacrylate. The pullout strength for screws from bones augmented with poly(L-lactide) was identical to those where methylmethacrylate had been used. The bones with poly(L-lactide) augmentation had a higher torsional stiffness than those with methylmethacrylate cement and those which were not reinforced. Resorbable polymeric medullary augmentation devices can be used to enhance plating of osteoporotic bones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050154
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid-induced crystallization and annealing of polyester-urethane elastomers (1978)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 256 (1978), S. 323-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die kristalline Struktur erforscht, die beim Erwärmen von segmentierten Urethanelastomeren entstanden ist. Diese Urethanelastomeren wurden vorher in mit polymeren wasserstoffbildenden Flüssigkeiten gequollen. Die Elastomere wurden bei bestimmten unveränderlichen Molverhältnis der Kettenverlängerer zum Makroglykol und bei verändertem Molverhältnis der Diisocyanate gebildet. Als Flüssigkeiten, welche die Wasserstoffbrücken bilden, wurden benutzt: Metakresol/Äthanol, Phenol/Wasser, Phenol/Äthanol, Phenol/Chloroform, DMF/Wasser, DMF/Äthanol. Als Vergleichsflüssigkeiten, die keine Wasserstoffbrücken bilden, wurden reines Chloroform und Hexadekan verwendet. Das im gequollenen Zustand aufgeheizte Polymere hatte eine sphärolitische Textur. Die Art der sphärolitischen Textur war von der Art der Wasserstoffbrücken bildenden Flüssigkeiten abhängig. Dagegen hatte der Anteil des Diisocyanates im Polymer keinen Einfluß. Beim Entstehen dieser Sphärolite wurden bestehende Wasserstoffbrücken des behandelten Original-polymers zerstört und gleichzeitig neue Brücken gebildet.
    Notes: Summary The crystalline structure formed at elevated temperature during annealing of the polyester-urethane elastomers swollen in the hydrogen-bonding liquids has been investigated. The elastomers were prepared using a constant mole ratio of chain extender and macroglycol and variable mole ratio of diisocyanate. The hydrogen-bonding liquids were solutions of meta-cresol/ethanol, phenol/water, phenol/ethanol, phenol/chloroform, DMF/water, DMF/ethanol. As the blank, nonhydrogen-bonding liquids a pure chloroform and hexadecane were used. The polymer annealed in the swollen state displayed the spherulitic texture. This spherulitic structure varied considerably with the swelling agent used, but did not depend on the diisocyanate contents in the polymer. Formation of these spherulites was accompanied with disruption and reformation of the hydrogen bonds which existed in the original polymer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01544325
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradable, microporous vascular prosthesis from segmented polyurethane (1986)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 264 (1986), S. 854-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Polyurethane ; medical application ; vascular prosthesis ; degradation ; tissue regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Small caliber (1.5 mm I. D.) vascular prostheses have been prepared from fractionated segmented polyurethane. The microporous and compliant prosthesis when implanted in the abdominal aorta of the rat, induced the growth of a neo-conduit, with a cellular structure similar to that of the natural artery. The process of growth of the neo-artery was accompanied by a progressive degradation of the prosthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410635
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Annealing of melt-crystallized nylon 6 (1982)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 260 (1982), S. 859-863 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Nylon 6 ; annealing ; thermal behaviour ; structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Effect of annealing on thermal behaviour and crystalline structure of meltcrystallized nylon 6 has been investigated. The annealing process is found to be characterized by an incubation period followed by a more or less doubling of the SAXS long spacing and of the crystallinity. The extrapolated heat of melting of the crystalline phase of nylon 6 in theα-modification is 188 Jg−1 and its extrapolated equilibrium melting temperature is 260 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01419096
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyurethane vascular prostheses in pigs (1987)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 265 (1987), S. 774-778 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Polyurethanes ; medical application ; hydrolytic stability ; vascular prostheses ; tissue regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Microporous, compliant vascular prostheses made from segmented polyurethanes of various molecular stability, have been implanted in the infrarenal aorta of young pigs. Prostheses prepared from a hydrolytically suble polyetherurethane showed a limited patency up to 1 month. Composite prostheses with the wall made from a hydrolytically stable polyurethane and the lumen side prepared from a degradable polyurethane, were patent up to one year. A degradable layer of this composite prosthesis induced the growth of a neo-artery. Prostheses prepared from a degradable polyurethane alone, were substituted within 4 months with a functional neo-artery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01418452
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selected topics in biomedical polyurethanes. A review (1989)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 267 (1989), S. 757-785 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Biomedicalpolyurethanes ; chemistry ; structure-propertyrelations ; tissue-materialinteraction ; surfaceproperties ; biomedicaluse ; compatibilityproperties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Published literature on biomedical polyurethanes is reviewed. Selected topics concerning chemistry, structure-property relations, tissue-material interactions, surface properties, applications, processing, and sterilization, etc., are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410115
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