Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of cyclosporin A, azathioprine, and prednisolone on carbohydrate metabolism of rat hepatocytes (1990)
    Springer
    Transplant international 3 (1990), S. 2-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Cyclosporin A, carbohydrate metabolism, rat hepatocytes ; Immunosuppression, carbohydrate metabolism, rat hepatocytes ; Carbohydrate metabolism, immunosuppression, rat hepatocytes ; Hepatocytes, carbohydrate metabolism, immunosuppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of different immunosuppressive drugs (prednisolone, azathioprine, cyclosporin A) on liver carbohydrate metabolism in the rat was investigated. Daily administration of prednisolone (3 mg/kg body weight) and azathioprine (2 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally for 2 weeks caused significantly lower liver glycogen content than that in NaCl-treated controls. Liver glucose and lactate content, as well as plasma glucose, glucagon, and serum insulin concentration of these animals, remained unchanged. There were no differences in any of these parameters between cyclosporin A (15 mg/kg body weight)-treated and vehicle (olive oil/ethanol)-treated animals. Prednisolone caused significantly lower glucose production in isolated rat hepatocytes using Na-pyruvate as the substrate, whereas glucose production was unchanged in hepatocytes of azathioprine-treated rats using pyruvate or l-serine as substrates. Glucose production from pyruvate or serine was significantly inhibited by cyclosporin A compared to the vehicle, but did not differ from the effects of azathioprine and prednisolone. Lactate production was significantly lower in cyclosporin-treated animals than in those given either the vehicle or azathioprine. Cyclosporin A completely reversed the inhibition of hepatocyte glycogen consumption caused by the vehicle. However, glycogen production in the presence of cyclosporin A was comparable to the effects of prednisolone and azathioprine. Finally, hepatocyte ketone body production using pyruvate as the substrate was higher in the presence of all immunosuppressive drugs. In the presence of serine, acetoacetate production increased in rats treated with 50 mg/kg body weight cyclosporin A, and β-hydroxybutyrate production in animals receiving 15 and 50 mg/kg body weight cyclosporin A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333193
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the participation of proteases on protein catabolism during hypercatabolic renal failure (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 59 (1981), S. 751-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Acute renal failure ; Chronic uraemia ; Proteases ; Phosphorylase kinase ; Protein catabolism ; Akutes Nierenversagen ; Chronische Urämie ; Proteasen ; Phosphorylase-Kinase ; Eiweißkatabolismus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im ultrafiltrierten Plasma (Molekulargewicht 〈50 000) von vier Patienten mit Polytrauma und akutem posttraumatischen Nierenversagen gelang der Nachweis einer proteolytischen Verdauung der Untereinheiten alpha und gamma von Phosphorylase-Kinase, isoliert aus Skelettmuskulatur von Kaninchen. Es bestand eine Beziehung zwischen der Aktivität der freien proteolytischen Enzyme im ultrafiltrierten Plasma und dem Anstieg der Plasma-Alpha1-Antitrypsin-Werte mit der Schwere und dem ungünstigen Verlauf der Erkrankung. Die Plasma-Alpha2-Macroglobulin-Spiegel waren bei Patienten mit posttraumatischem akuten Nierenversagen deutlich erniedrigt. Im Serum von Patienten mit posttraumatischem akuten Nierenversagen war die Gesamtproteinkonzentration erniedrigt, im Plasmaultrafiltrat signifikant erhöht. Bei zwei Patienten mit akuter hyperurikämischer Nephropathie und drei Patienten mit medikamentös induziertem akuten Nierenversagen, einem Patienten mit akuter Pankreasnekrose und akutem postoperativen Nierenversagen sowie einem Patienten mit chronischer Pankreatitis und Zustand nach Whipple-Operation konnten dagegen im ultrafiltrierten Plasma keine freien proteolytischen Enzyme mit Phosphorylase-Kinase als Substrat entdeckt werden. Die Titration der Plasmaproteaseninhibitoren mit Trypsin ergab eine signifikant verminderte Bindungskapazität bei Patienten mit posttraumatischem akuten Nierenversagen im Vergleich zu Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz oder regelmäßiger Hämodialyse und gesunden Kontrollen. Proteolytische Aktivität fanden wir bei chronisch urämischen Dauerdialysepatienten im 100fach ankonzentrierten Diafiltrat (Molekulargewicht 〉10 000). Unsere Daten lassen an eine Beteiligung von Proteasen am Eiweißkatabolismus denken. Während das Blutgerinnungssystem als mögliche Quelle von Proteasen weitgehend ausgeschlossen werden konnte, ist es möglich, daß proteolytische Enzyme nach Polytrauma aus Lysosomen und/oder Makrophagen der Skelettmuskulatur freigesetzt werden.
    Notes: Summary In ultrafiltrated plasma (molecular weight 〈50,000) obtained from four patients with multiple muscular trauma and acute post-traumatic renal failure, it was possible to verify a subcomponential specific digestion of the subunits alpha and gamma of phosphorylase kinase isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle. The activity of free proteolytic enzymes in ultrafiltrated plasma as well as an increase of plasma alpha1-antitrypsin values were correlated with the severity and unfavourable course of the illness. In contrast, the plasma levels of alpha2-macroglobulin were drastically lowered. The mean total protein concentration in the sera of patients with post-traumatic ARF was lowered, whereas the mean ultrafiltrate protein concentration was significantly enhanced. In ultrafiltrated plasma of two patients with hyperuricaemic ARF, three patients with ARF after drug over-dosage, one patient with acute pancreatic necrosis combined with acute renal failure and one patient with chronic pancreatitis, no proteolytic activity could be detected using phosphorylase kinase as substrate. Studies on the trypsin binding capacity of the plasma protease inhibitors revealed a significantly lowered level in patients with post-traumatic acute renal failure as compared to healthy controls, patients with chronic renal insufficiency and patients on regular dialysis treatment. Proteolytic activity was found in ca. 100-fold concentrated diafiltrates (molecular weight 〉10,000) of patients on regular dialysis treatment. Our data suggest a participation of proteases on protein catabolism in hypercatabolic states. Whilst the blood coagulation system can largely be excluded as a source of proteases, it is possible that proteolytic enzymes may be released from muscle lysosomes and/or macrophages after multiple muscular trauma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721263
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inactivation of urinary kallikrein by alpha1-antitrypsin (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 59 (1981), S. 761-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Kallikrein excretion ; Alpha1-antitrypsin ; Hypertension ; Renal insufficiency ; Kallikreinexkretion ; Alpha1-Antitrypsin ; Hypertonie ; Niereninsuffizienz
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 100 Patienten, die sich in unserer nephrologischen Ambulanz zur Abklärung einer Hypertonie, Proteinurie oder Erythrozyturie vorstellten, wurde im 24-h-Urin die proteolytische Aktivität vor und nach Zugabe von 0,4 IE Kallikrein (Padutin) ermittelt. Parallel wurden Protein- und alpha1-Antitrypsin-Konzentration im Urin gemessen. Dabei ließ sich eine inverse Beziehung zwischen Kallikrein-Aktivität und alpha1-Antitrypsin-Konzentration in den untersuchten Urinproben aufzeigen (r=0,84;y=39,2e −0,009x). Es bestand ferner eine inverse Korrelation zwischen Kallikrein-Aktivität und 24-h-Ausscheidung von alpha1-Antitrypsin (r=0,81;y=886,4e −0,011x). Unsere Daten sprechen für eine Inaktivierung von renalem Kallikrein durch alpha1-Antitrypsin im Urin.
    Notes: Summary Proteolytic activity, with azocasein as substrate in the presence and absence of 0.4 IU kallikrein (Padutin) was measured in the 24 h urine fractions of 100 ambulatory patients with hypertension, proteinuria or haematuria. Urinary protein and alpha1-antitrypsin concentration have also been assayed. There was an inverse relationship between kallikrein activity and urinary alpha1-antitrypsin concentration (r=0.84;y=39.2e −0.009x). Furthermore, kallikrein activity and 24 h urinary alpha1-antitrypsin excretion were also inversely correlated (r=0.81;y=886.4e −0.011x). Our data suggest an inactivation of renal kallikrein by urinary alpha1-antitrypsin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721264
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lactat-Azidose — Eine mögliche Komplikation der Buformin-Therapie (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 843-853 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Lactic acidosis ; Biguanides ; Buformin ; Diabetes mellitus ; Hemodialysis ; Lactat-Azidose ; Biguanide ; Buformin ; Diabetes mellitus ; Hämodialyse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Lactat-Azidose ist definiert als metabolische Azidose, d.h. Erniedrigung des arteriellen pH unter 7,36 bei gleichzeitigem Anstieg des Blutlactatspiegels auf über 2 mmol/l. Von klinischer Relevanz ist dieser Zustand, wenn die Lactatspiegel über 7 mmol/l liegen. Lactat-Azidosen können unter den verschiedensten Bedingungen auftreten; die Biguanidinduzierte Lactat-Azidose (nach Buformin, Metformin und Phenformin) ist auf eine toxische Wirkung dieser Substanzen zurückzuführen. Das klinische Bild ist charakterisiert durch Bewußtseinsstörungen, extreme Azidose mit Kußmaulscher Atmung, Schock, Hypothermie, sowie in rd. 30% der Fälle Hypoglykämie. Neben den üblichen intensivmedizinischen Maßnahmen besteht die Therapie in der Korrektur des Säuren- und Basenhaushaltes und der Eliminierung des Biguanids. Der Stellenwert der Hämodialyse-Behandlung ist zur Zeit noch umstritten. Bei strenger Beachtung der Kontraindikationen sollte die Lactat-Azidose eine sehr seltene Komplikation der Biguanid-Therapie des Diabetes mellitus sein.
    Notes: Summary Lactic acidosis is defined as a state of metabolic acidosis (arterial pH below 7.36) due to an increase in the blood concentration of lactate above 2 mEq/l. Lactic acidosis may occur under a variety of conditions; the biguanide-induced lactic acidosis is due to the toxic effects of biguanides (buformin, metformin, phenformin). The clinical picture is characterized by the occurrence of disturbances of consciousness, severe acidosis with Kußmaul's respiration, shock, hypothermia and in about 30% of all cases hypoglycemia. Apart from the general principles of intensive medical care, therapy should comprise correction of the acid-base-disturbances and elimination of the offending biguanide. The efficacy of hemodialysis in the treatment of biguanide-induced lactic acidosis is difficult to evaluate. By a more sensible use of biguanides, lactic acidosis secondary to drug administration should become a rare event.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01479834
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term effects of nifedipine on plasma levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D in hypertensive hemodialyzed patients (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 1291-1291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: 25 Hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) ; 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2-D) ; Nifedipine ; Regular Hemodialysis Therapy (RDT)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01785712
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nifedipine inhibits granulocyte activation during cardiopulmonary bypass (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 581-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cardiopulmonary bypass ; Granulocyte elastase ; Nifedipine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01727628
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate metabolism and uraemia — Mechanisms for glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 58 (1980), S. 1051-1064 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Glukoseintoleranz ; Hormonresistenz ; Urämie ; Glykogenolyse ; Glukoneogenese ; Proteasen ; Glucose intolerance ; Hormone resistance ; Uraemia ; Glycogenolysis ; Gluconeogenesis ; Proteases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism during acute uraemia are characterized by the degradation of liver and muscle glycogen with a simultaneous activation of hepatic gluconeogenesis. After binephrectomy, the substitution of essential amino acids and keto analogues stimulate liver, but not skeletal muscle glycogen synthesis. Serine proves to be an optimal substrate for liver gluconeogenesis and muscle glycogen generation under acute uraemic conditions. Propranolol does not influence glycogenolysis of skeletal muscle in acutely uraemic rats. During starvation, acute uraemia leads to an increase of total carbohydrate content as well as of glycogen and glucose concentrations in heart muscle Alterations in carbohydrate contents are not observed in the kidney after ureter ligation. Enhanced glycogenolysis of skeletal muscle and liver during acute uraemia may be due to activation of phosphorylase kinase caused by the increased serum concentrations of various hormones (glucagon, catecholamines, parathormone) as well as free proteolytic activity, an increase of intracellular Ca2+-concentration and finally by alterations in the structure of contractile proteins.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Störungen des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels bei akuter Urämie sind charakterisiert durch den Abbau von Leber- und Muskelglykogen bei gleichzeitiger Aktivierung der hepatischen Glukoneogenese. Die Substitution essentieller Aminosäuren und Ketosäuren führt nach bilateraler Nephrektomie in der Leber zu einer Stimulierung der Glykogensynthese, ein Effekt, der an der Skelettmuskulatur ausbleibt. Serin erweist sich unter den Bedingungen einer akuten Urämie als optimales Substrat für die Glukoneogenese der Leber und zeigt eine anabole Wirkung auf den Muskelglykogenstoffwechsel. Propranolol läßt die Glykogenolyse der Skelettmuskulatur bei akut urämischen Ratten unbeeinflußt. Unter Nüchternbedingungen kommt es bei akuter Urämie im Herzmuskel zu einem Anstieg des Gesamtkohlenhydratgehaltes, insbesondere von Glykogenund Glukosekonzentration. Änderungen der Kohlenhydratgehalte sind in der Niere nach Ureterligatur nicht nachweisbar. Als Ursachen der erhöhten Glykogenolyse der Skelettmuskulatur und Leber bei akuter Urämie kommt die Aktivierung von Phosphorylase-Kinase durch erhöhte Serumkonzentrationen verschiedener Hormone (Glukagon, Katecholamine, Parathormon) sowie durch freie proteolytische Enzyme, einen Anstieg der intrazellulären Ca2+-Konzentration und Strukturänderungen kontraktiler Proteine in Betracht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476876
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of urinary alpha1-antitrypsin in padutin® (kallikrein) inactivation (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 541-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: kallikrein ; nephrotic syndrome ; protease inhibition ; alpha1-antitrypsin ; alpha2-macroglobulin ; inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An inverse relationship between proteolytic activity in the presence of kallikrein 0.4 IU and urinary alpha1-antitrypsin concentration has been demonstrated. This protease inhibitor can directly inactivate kallikrein activity. The inhibition was abolished by removal of urinary alpha1-antitrypsin by trypsinsepharose treatment. Inhibition could be reversed by addition of purified alpha1-antitrypsin. These effects could not be demonstrated with inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor or alpha2-macroglobulin. The inhibitory effect of alpha1-antitrypsin on kallikrein activity should be taken into account in studies in which kallikrein activity is estimated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609628
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of cefepime in long-term hemodialysis with high-flux membranes (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 56 (2000), S. 61-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Cefepime ; Hemodialysis ; Pharmacokinetics ; Pharmacodynamic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Among uremic patients on hemodialysis, infectious complications leading to a high incidence of morbidity and mortality are a well-documented problem. In this multi-dose study, the safety, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of cefepime during high-flux hemodialysis were investigated and an improved dosing schedule is presented. Methods: Six long-term hemodialysis patients received 2 g cefepime i.v. at the end of hemodialysis three times per week. Results: Trough levels of cefepime were 23.3 ± 7.3 mg/l and peak serum concentrations 165.6 ± 48.7 mg/l. After 3.5 h of high-flux hemodialysis, 72.2 ± 6.4% of cefepime was eliminated. The intradialytic half-life was 1.6 ± 0.29 h and the interdialytic half-life 22.0 ± 2.14 h. Conclusion: A dosage of 2 g cefepime after each hemodialysis session achieved drug levels well above the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)90 for most of the target pathogens. Thus, the described dosing schedule is an efficient and cost saving antmicrobial therapy for severe infections in long-term hemodialysis patients with no residual renal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050721
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beclobrate: Pharmacodynamic properties and therapeutic use in hyperlipidemia (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 40 (1991), S. S85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Beclobrate ; hyperlipidemia ; lipoproteins ; hemodialysis ; transplantation ; platelets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Beclobrat is a new fibric acid derivative with potent cholesterol- and triglyceride-lowering effects. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic investigations suggest that once-daily administration in a dosage of 100 mg is admissible. In comparison with other lipid-lowering drugs such a dose, even when calculated on a molar basis, is as effective as 300 mg fenofibrate, 600 mg bezafibrate or 900 mg gemfibrozil. The effectiveness of the drug has been investigated in a variety of studies including patients with hyperlipidemia types IIa, IIb and IV and patients suffering from secondary hyperlipidemia attributable to diabetes mellitus, liver disease, end-stage renal failure requiring hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation. According to the type of hyperlipidemia studied, the mean reduction of LDL-cholesterol ranges from −10% to −28% and that of triglycerides from −20% to −58%. Mean serum HDL-cholesterol increase has been reported to be 8.5–23.9%. In general, side-effects of beclobrate therapy are comparable with those of other fibric acid derivatives, but have to be investigated carefully in a greater number of patients. Advantages in clinical use are administration of a small capsule in a single daily dose. This has been shown to increase patient compliance and is especially useful for treatment of hyperlipidemia in those patients requiring antihyperlipidemic combination therapy or additional medication for further diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01409416
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...