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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 18 (1996), S. 75-79 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Winged scapula ; Facioscapulo-humeral-muscular-dystrophy ; Operation ; Anatomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le décollement de la scapula est une des complications importantes de la dystrophie musculaire facio-scapulo-humérale. Plusieurs méthodes de correction et de fixation de la scapula ont été publiées mais la plupart présente des inconvénients et des complications. Une nouvelle méthode de fixation scapulaire sur le thorax est décrite à l'aide de trois lacets en polyester. Les résultats sur la stabilité de ce système étudié chez le cadavre sont décrits. Afin de préciser les meilleurs sites des points de fixation, nous avons effectué des tests d'arrachage chez 20 cadavres. Quatre points d'insertion à la partie inférieure de la scapula ont été testés. Le bord latéral offrait les meilleurs résultats eu égard à la résistance et à la solidité. L'étirement des lacets a été mesuré. Comparée à l'arthrodèse inter-scapulo-thoracique, la scapulopexie permet de conserver une meilleure mobilité entre la scapula et le thorax, et de maintenir une capacité respiratoire vitale optimale.
    Notes: Summary Winging of the scapula is one of the major features of the rare facio-scapulo-humeral muscular dystrophy. Several methods of retention and fixation of the scapulae have been published, but most have technical disadvantages or complications. A modified method of operative fixation of the scapula to the chest using three polyester laces is described with the results of cadaveric studies on the stability of this system. In order to determine the optimal region for the scapula fixation using polyester laces we performed pull-out tests on twenty cadaver scapulae. Four points of insertion in the inferior part of the scapula were tested. The lateral margin showed the best results with regard to the tensile strength and the morphology of the resulting fractures. The elongation of the laces was measured as well. Compared to scapulothoracic arthrodesis interscapulo-scapulocostal scapulopexy leads to greater preserved mobility between the scapula and the chest wall and conserves vital capacity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 19 (1997), S. 133-137 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Deep vein thrombosis ; Total hip replacement ; Femoral vein ; Posterior approach ; Lateral approach
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An anatomic study was undertaken to establish whether positioning of the leg and surgical approaches for total hip replacement (THR) cause changes in the femoral v. which may contribute to the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The patency of 32 femoral vv. of 18 cadavers was inspected at different levels during simulated THR. Before and after removal of the femoral head through a transgluteal or posterior approach, a wide-angle endoscope was inserted into the femoral v. via the external iliac v. Blood flow was simulated by proximal irrigation with saline through the popliteal v. After removal of the femoral head distinct changes were observed in both approaches. In the transgluteal approach the changes were dependent on the degree of adduction and the body build of the cadaver. Initially, an oval form was seen in a constricted lumen with an increasingly oblique oval deformation and a final facet-like closure, usually at about 5 to 7.5 cm below the inguinal ligament. In total adduction this stenosis occured regardless of build. Using a posterior approach, the necessary internal rotation caused a closure of the vein in 50% of cases. In combination with flexion and adduction there was stenosis in all cadavers regardless of body build. Our results indicate that the duration of the adducted position of the thigh during THR via a transgluteal approach should be minimised, as there is a reduction in blood flow with even minor degrees of adduction. In the posterior approach the stenosis occurs earlier, and is independent of the build of the cadaver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 19 (1998), S. 371-375 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Hip joint ; Coxarthrosis ; Sensory innervation ; Nerve block anesthesia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Typically obturator nerve blockade is used to relieve hip pain. It sometimes only has a minor effect in resolving symptoms. This clinical observation led us to examine comprehensively the sensory nerve innervation of formalin-fixed hip joint capsules. Following macroscopic preparation, the area of the hip joint capsule was inspected with the aid of an operating microscope. We discovered a separation between the anterior and posterior sensory innervation of the hip joint capsule. The anteromedial innervation was determined by the articular branches of the obturator n. Additionally, the anterior hip joint capsule was innervated by sensory articular branches from the femoral n. In the posterior part we found articular branches from the sciatic n., which in addition to the articular branches from the nerves to the quadratus femoris m., innervate the posteromedial section of the hip joint capsule. Moreover, articular branches of the superior gluteal n. were found, which innervate the posterolateral section of the hip joint capsule. This anatomical study demonstrates that the obturator n. block is insufficient for the treatment of hip pain. Further investigations will determine if these nn. can be reached percutaneously. Effective neural blockade of the hip joint must include the femoral n., the sciatic n. and the superior gluteal n.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 19 (1997), S. 133-137 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Deep vein thrombosis ; Total hip replacement ; Femoral vein ; Posterior approach ; Lateral approach
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude anatomique a été réalisée pour établir la relation entre les différentes positions du membre inférieur au cours des arthroplasties totales de hanche et la survenue d'une thrombose veineuse profonde. Cette étude a été réalisée sur 18 cadavres, dont 32 vv. fémorales ont pu être examinées à différents temps de l'arthroplastie totale de hanche, avant et après ablation de la tête fémorale, par voie trans-glutéale ou par voie postérieure. Un endoscope (grand angle) a été introduit dans la v. fémorale par la v. iliaque externe. Le flux sanguin a été simulé par irrigation antérograde avec du sérum salé à travers la v. poplitée. Après l'ablation de la tête fémorale, il a été noté des différences significatives entre la voie d'abord trans-glutéale et la voie d'abord postérieure pour ce qui concerne l'aspect de la lumière de la v. fémorale et le flux sanguin. En ce qui concerne la voie trans-glutéale, ces modifications dépendaient du degré d'adduction et de la corpulence du cadavre. L'aspect de la lumière de la v. fémorale était initialement ovale, puis évoluait progressivement vers la sténose complète qui se situait à peu près entre 5 et 7,5 cm audessous du ligament inguinal. En adduction complète de la cuisse, la sténose se produisait, quelle que soit la corpulence du cadavre. En ce qui concerne la voie d'abord postérieure, la rotation médiale, indispensable à l'accès pour la mise en place de l'élément prothétique fémoral, causait une sténose de la v. fémorale dans 50% des cas. En ce qui concerne la combinaison des mouvements d'adduction et de flexion de la hanche, elle était responsable d'une sténose de la v. fémorale dans tous les cas, et ceci quelle que soit la corpulence du cadavre. Nos résultats indiquent que le durée de la position d'adduction de la cuisse durant l'arthroplastie totale de hanche par voie transglutéale devrait être diminuée car la réduction du flux sanguin dans la v. fémorale survient, même pour des petits degrés d'adduction. Dans la voie d'abord postérieure, la sténose survient plus tôt, elle ne dépend pas de la corpulence du cadavre.
    Notes: Summary An anatomic study was undertaken to establish whether positioning of the leg and surgical approaches for total hip replacement (THR) cause changes in the femoral v. which may contribute to the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The patency of 32 femoral vv. of 18 cadavers was inspected at different levels during simulated THR. Before and after removal of the femoral head through a transgluteal or posterior approach, a wide-angle endoscope was inserted into the femoral v. via the external iliac v. Blood flow was simulated by proximal irrigation with saline through the popliteal v. After removal of the femoral head distinct changes were observed in both approaches. In the transgluteal approach the changes were dependent on the degree of adduction and the body build of the cadaver. Initially, an oval form was seen in a constricted lumen with an increasingly oblique oval deformation and a final facet-like closure, usually at about 5 to 7.5 cm below the inguinal ligament. In total adduction this stenosis occured regardless of build. Using a posterior approach, the necessary internal rotation caused a closure of the vein in 50% of cases. In combination with flexion and adduction there was stenosis in all cadavers regardless of body build. Our results indicate that the duration of the adducted position of the thigh during THR via a transgluteal approach should be minimised, as there is a reduction in blood flow with even minor degrees of adduction. In the posterior approach the stenosis occurs earlier, and is independent of the build of the cadaver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 20 (1998), S. 41-45 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Shoulder ; Kinetics ; Subacromial bursa ; Capsular ; Impingement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This anatomic study was devoted to the kinetics of the shoulder joint and especially the subacromial region. Following dissection of the shoulder joint capsule and subacromial region of 80 unpreserved shoulder joints, the anatomic relationships of the subacromial space in the neutral position and in continuous abduction (30°, 60° and 90° with fixed scapulae) were examined. These investigations were supplemented by histologic preparations. In the course of our examinations we discovered a gliding mechanism of the subacromial bursa. Moreover, we found a subcoracoid attachment of the shoulder joint capsule and a precoracoid ligamentous connection running between the short head of the biceps brachii m. and the coracoacromial ligament. We termed this the coracoid aponeurosis, which facilitates gliding behaviour of the shoulder joint capsule beneath the coracoid process. In view of this gliding mechanism of the subacromial bursa and the coracoid aponeurosis, discovered in the course of our investigations, we have to reassess the kinetics of the sub-acromial and subcoracoid space. Further, we should reconsider our operative technique in cases of the subacromial or subcoracoid impingement syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 20 (1998), S. 41-45 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Shoulder ; Kinetics ; Subacromial bursa ; Capsular ; Impingement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Dans cette étude anatomique les mouvements de l'articulation scapulohumérale ont été étudiés essentiellement au niveau de la région subacromiale. Après dissection de la capsule articulaire et de la région subacromiale de 80 épaules non embaumées, les rapports anatomiques de l'espace subacromial ont été étudiées en position neutre et lors de l'abduction (à 30°, 60° et 90°, la scapula étant maintenue immobile). Une étude histologique a été réalisée. Nous avons mis en évidence un mécanisme de glissement de la bourse subacromiale. Nous avons également constaté l'existence d'une insertion subcoracoïdienne de la capsule articulaire. Une connexion ligamentaire précoracoïdienne existait entre le tendon du chef long du m. biceps brachial et le lig. coraco-acromial. Nous avons dénommé cette structure “aponévrose coracoïdienne”, elle est concernée par les phénomènes de glissement de la capsule articulaire sous le processus coracoïde. Une des conséquences du mécanisme de glissement de la bourse séreuse subacromiale et de l'aponévrose coracoïdienne, que nous avons mis en évidence, est de remettre en cause nos conception des mouvements de l'épaule dans les régions subacromiale et subcoracoïdienne. Les techniques opératoires utilisées dans le traitement des conflits subcoracoïdien et subacromial doivent également être reconsidérées.
    Notes: Summary This anatomic study was devoted to the kinetics of the shoulder joint and especially the subacromial region. Following dissection of the shoulder joint capsule and subacromial region of 80 unpreserved shoulder joints, the anatomic relationships of the subacromial space in the neutral position and in continuous abduction (30°, 60° and 90° with fixed scapulae) were examined. These investigations were supplemented by histologic preparations. In the course of our examinations we discovered a gliding mechanism of the subacromial bursa. Moreover, we found a subcoracoid attachment of the shoulder joint capsule and a precoracoid ligamentous connection running between the short head of the biceps brachii m. and the coracoacromial ligament. We termed this the coracoid aponeurosis, which facilitates gliding behaviour of the shoulder joint capsule beneath the coracoid process. In view of this gliding mechanism of the subacromial bursa and the coracoid aponeurosis, discovered in the course of our investigations, we have to reassess the kinetics of the sub-acromial and subcoracoid space. Further, we should reconsider our operative technique in cases of the subacromial or subcoracoid impingement syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 20 (1998), S. 16-17 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 19 (1997), S. 371-375 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Hip joint ; Coxarthrosis ; Sensory innervation ; Nerve block anesthesia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le développement de l'utilisation clinique des blocs tronculaires du n. obturateur et leurs résultats médiocres constatés au niveau de l'art. coxo-fémorale nous ont conduits à approfondir nos connaissances sur l'innervation sensitive de l'art. coxo-fémorale. Des hanches fixées ont été préparées, puis la capsule de l'art. coxo-fémorale a été étudiée à l'aide d'un microscope opératoire. Il existait deux territories distincts correspondant aux parties antérieure et postérieure de la capsule articulaire. L'innervation sensitive antéro-médiale était assurée par une branche du n. obturateur. La partie antérieure de la capsule articulaire était en outre innervée par un rameau venant du n. fémoral en longeant le m. ilio-psoas. La zone postérieure de la capsule était innervée par des ramifications venues du n. sciatique lequel innervait également la partie postéromédiale de la capsule par un rameau du n. du m. carré fémoral. Des rameaux venus du n. glutéal supérieur innervaient en outre la partie postéro-latérale de la capsule articulaire. Ces résultats permettent de proposer des modifications de la technique des blocs nerveux obturateurs. Tous les nerfs intéressés sont accessibles par voie percutanée, ce qui offre la possibilité d'une infiltration anesthésique efficace de l'art. coxo-fémorale.
    Notes: Summary Typically obturator nerve blockade is used to relieve hip pain. It sometimes only has a minor effect in resolving symptoms. This clinical observation led us to examine comprehensively the sensory nerve innervation of formalin-fixed hip joint capsules. Following macroscopic preparation, the area of the hip joint capsule was inspected with the aid of an operating microscope. We discovered a separation between the anterior and posterior sensory innervation of the hip joint capsule. The anteromedial innervation was determined by the articular branches of the obturator n. Additionally, the anterior hip joint capsule was innervated by sensory articular branches from the femoral n. In the posterior part we found articular branches from the sciatic n., which in addition to the articular branches from the nerves to the quadratus femoris m., innervate the posteromedial section of the hip joint capsule. Moreover, articular branches of the superior gluteal n. were found, which innervate the posterolateral section of the hip joint capsule. This anatomical study demonstrates that the obturator n. block is insufficient for the treatment of hip pain. Further investigations will determine if these nn. can be reached percutaneously. Effective neural blockade of the hip joint must include the femoral n., the sciatic n. and the superior gluteal n.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 48 (1999), S. 813-816 
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Fasten ; Ketoazidose ; Hypoglykämie ; Kinderanästhesie ; Key words Starvation ; Ketoacidosis ; Hypoglycemia ; Pediatric anaesthesia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Preoperative starvation in order to prevent pulmonary aspiration is mandatory in elective pediatric surgery. Hypoglycemia, thirst and unwellness have been reported as undesired side effects. The metabolic response towards decreasing blood-glucose concentrations in fasting children includes gluconeogenesis and production of ketone bodys to meet the energetic demand. Accumulation of β-hydroxybutyrate und acetoacetate in blood can lead to ketoacidosis. We report a case of a severe intraoperative ketoacidosis in a fourteen months old child complicating 36 hours of starvation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Präoperative Nüchternheit vor elektiven pädiatrischen Eingriffen wird routinemäßig als Aspirationsprophylaxe durchgeführt. Hypoglykämie, Durst und vermindertes Wohlbefinden sind mögliche unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen. Die metabolischen Veränderungen auf sinkende Blutzuckerspiegel bei fastenden Kindern umfassen die Glukoneogenese und die Produktion von Ketonkörpern zur Deckung des Energiebedarfs. Die Anhäufung von β-Hydroxybutyrat und Acetoacetat im Blut kann zur Azidose führen. Wir berichten von einer schweren intraoperativen Ketoazidose bei einem 14 Monate alten Kleinkind nach 36stündiger Nahrungskarenz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Lung 138 (1968), S. 143-150 
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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