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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 216-217 (1967), S. 150-158 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary With commercial polyoxyethylenes with a number average molecular weight greater than 200 g/Mol the specific volume in dependence of temperature was measured and with number average molecular weights greater than 2000 g/Mol in dependence of temperature and pressure, measuring range 20–100 °C and 1 to 2000 kp/cm2. In contrary to the paraffines, whose specific volumes, thermal expansion coefficients and compressibilities rise linearly with the reciprocal molecular weight, these quantities are nearly independent of the molecular weight of the polyoxyethylenes. From this we conclude that the hydrogen bonds between the chainends of the polyoxyethylene-molecules have a similar behaviour as primary valence bonds. In the molten state the relation between volume, temperature and pressure may be described by an extendedTait-equation. Irreversible volume contractions under pressure point out that specimens, which were solidified under pressures below 200 kp/cm2, have internal holes. With the density values of the irreversibly compressed specimens we get degrees of crystallinity between 83 and 96 percent in volume. Further we get in connection with earlier published calorimetric results as melt enthalpy of the perfect crystalline polyoxyethylene 50 cal/g.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung An handelsüblichen Polyoxyäthylenen mit zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichten größer als 200 g/Mol wurde das spezifische Volumen in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur, mit zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichten größer als 2000 g/Mol in Abhängigkeit von Temperatur und Druck gemessen, Meßbereich 20–100 °C und 1–2000 kp/cm2. Im Gegensatz zu den Paraffinen, deren spezifische Volumina, thermische Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und Kompressibilitäten linear mit dem reziproken Wert des Molekulargewichts ansteigen, erweisen sich die vorgenannten Größen bei den Polyoxyäthylenen als nahezu unabhängig vom Molekulargewicht. Daraus läßt sich schließen, daß sich die Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen zwischen den Enden der Polyoxyäthylenmolekeln ähnlich wie Hauptvalenzen verhalten. Im geschmolzenen Zustand kann man die Abhängigkeit des Volumens von Druck und Temperatur mit einer erweitertenTait-Gleichung beschreiben. Irreversible Volumenverkleinerungen unter Druck deuten darauf hin, daß Proben, die bei Drucken unter 200 kp/cm2 erstarrt sind, innere Hohlräume aufweisen. Legt man für die Bestimmung des Kristallisationsgrades die Dichte der irreversibel verdichteten Proben zugrunde, so erhält man Kristallisationsgrade, die zwischen 83 und 96 Volumen-% liegen sowie in Verbindung mit früheren kalorimetrischen Untersuchungen eine Schmelzenthalpie für den kristallinen Anteil von 50 cal/g.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 203 (1967), S. 227-234 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In holmium ethylsulfate diluted with lanthanum ethylsulfate we have investigated the transition5 I 8→F 5 at 4,2
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 232 (1970), S. 61-86 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Polarized reflection spectra between 4.000 and 20 cm−1 and absorption spectra (at temperatures of liquid helium) between 2.000 and 650 cm−1 have been measured of the isomorphous crystals NaN03, CaCO3, MgCO3 (D 3d 6 ) and of CaMg (CO3)2 (C 3i 2 ). The wavenumbers of the fundamental infrared transitions and of the two-phonon-combinations have been determined. The combinationbands show a structure, which allows some insight into the wavevector dispersion of the phonon branches of these crystals. Selection rules have been worked out for several points in the interior and on the border of the Brillouin zone. By comparison with the spectra they give evidence for the presence of critical points of the phonon-branches for wavevectors parallel to the trigonal axis of the crystal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 217 (1968), S. 373-385 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The differential magnetic susceptibility X=X′-iX″ of HoCl3, Ho(Y)Cl3, and Ho(La)Cl3 has been measured with a mutual inductance bridge with frequencies from 5.3 c/s to 5.12 kc/s at temperatures between 1.1 and 4.2 °K, and in constant magnetic fields up to 3 kOe. — In monoclinic HoCl3 a magnetic transition has been observed atT=2.15 °K (maximum of X″). No transition occurs for 0.5 and 5% Ho3+ in isomorphic YCl3. — The results for nominal concentrations of 1, 2, and 5% Ho3+ in hexagonal LaCl3 indicate, that there is a considerable precipitation of monoclinic HoCl3 during crystal growth. Relaxation measurements on Ho3+ in hexagonal sites are interpreted in terms of a phonon-bottleneck in the temperature region 1.1 °K≦T≦2.00K with a hot-phonon equilibration time of about 0.2 μs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 237 (1970), S. 189-204 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Besides the known energy levels of Eu3+ at lattice sites of symmetryC 2 in Y2O3, some transitions of this ion at lattice sites of symmetryC 3i in the same host crystal have been found and it was possible to construct the energy level scheme in part. Evidence for an energy transfer from Eu3+(C 3i ) to Eu3+(C 2) is given, the strength of which is measured as a function of the Eu2O3 concentration. The results lead to the assumption of a fixed distanceR 0 for the interaction responsible for the energy transfer. A temperature-independent value ofR 0=8.7 Å was found. The full explanation of the underlying quantum mechanical mechanism requires further experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 47 (1960), S. 277-278 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 38 (1951), S. 142-142 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 34 (1947), S. 212-212 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 34 (1947), S. 225-232 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 35 (1948), S. 160-160 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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