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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tauroursodeoxycholate ameliorates reperfusion injury after pig liver transplantation (1999)
    Springer
    Transplant international 12 (1999), S. 454-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Pig ; Liver transplantation ; Tauroursodeoxycholate ; Reperfusion injury ; Liver enzymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Reperfusion injury is a serious problem after clinical liver transplantation, often leading to dys- or even non-function of grafts. The present study was designed to determine whether the hydrophilic bile salt tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC), known to be hepatoprotective in cholestatic liver disease, mitigates reperfusion injury in an in vivo pig liver transplantation model. Liver transplantation was performed in 12 pigs after a preservation time of 8 h. TUDC was administered to donor and recipient animals, and saline to controls. Blood was drawn at different time points for determination of liver enzymes. Bile samples were collected, and bile flow (BF), and bile salt secretion rate (BSSR) determined. Samples of liver tissue and bile ducts were taken for assessment by light and electron microscopy. Liver enzymes were significantly lower in the TUDC group. BF and BSSR were significantly higher. Microscopy revealed better preservation of bile duct architecture of the TUDC-infused animals. We can conclude that infusions of TUDC in pig livers ameliorate reperfusion injury in vivo. The molecular basis for this finding may be the membrane stabilizing effect of TUDC. Further studies are warranted to clarify its effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050257
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo protection of the pig liver against ischemia/reperfusion injury by tauroursodeoxycholate (1999)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 384 (1999), S. 461-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Liver transplantation ; Bile salt ; Tauroursodeoxycholate ; Rat ; Reperfusion injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Introduction: Tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) is used routinely in the treatment of cholestatic liver disease. The present study was designed to determine whether it would mitigate ischemia/reperfusion injury in an in vivo pig liver-transplantation model. Methods: Transplantation was performed in 12 animals after a preservation time of 8 h. In the control group (n=6), 0.9% saline was infused into the donor. In the experimental group (n=6), TUDC was given intravenously at a rate of 2 µmol/kg body weight per minute. In the recipient, infusion was started at the time of reperfusion; saline was infused for 400 min in the control group, TUDC for the same duration at a rate of 0.2 µmol/kg body weight per minute in the experimental group. Blood was drawn for determination of liver enzymes. Bile samples were collected and bile flow (BF) and bile salt secretion rate (BSSR) were determined. Results: One-week survival was 92% and not different among groups. Liver enzymes were lower in the TUDC group than the saline group. Prior to TUDC infusion in the donor animals, there were no differences in BF and BSSR. After infusion of TUDC, BF and BSSR were highly significantly different than the control group. Discussion: Infusion of TUDC in pig livers protects against ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo. This might be due to the membrane-stabilizing effect of TUDC. Preconditioning of liver grafts with TUDC could potentially lead to improved liver function post-transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004230050231
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das XXXXY-Syndrom (1973)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 115 (1973), S. 209-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Chromosome aberration ; Klinefelter's syndrome ; XXXXY syndrome ; Mental deficiency ; Skeletal malformations ; Genital hypoplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Neben dem klassischen Klinefelter-Syndrom mit der Chromosomenkonstellation 47,XXY stehen heute eine Reihe von Varianten, deren häufigste 46,XX, 48,XXYY, 48,XXXY und 49,XXXXY sind. Auf Grund seiner unverkennbaren Symptomatologie nimmt das XXXXY-Syndrom unter ihnen eine Sonderstellung ein. Mindestens 79 Fälle dieses Karyotyps wurden bis Ende 1972 in der Literatur mitgeteilt. 7 neue Fälle dieses seltenen Syndroms werden beschrieben. Häufige Symptome sind die intrauterine Dystrophie, die erhebliche psychomotorische Retardierung, das hypoplastische Genitale, eine eigenartige Facies und Skeletanomalien, die vor allem Unterarm und Hand betreffen (radioulnare Synostose, Klinodaktylie oder Brachyphalangie der 5. Finger, Pseudoepiphysen der Mittelhandknochen). Seltenere Symptome sind Augenfehler und angeborene Vitien, insbesondere ein offener Ductus Botalli. Mit Hilfe der Xg-Blutgruppenanalyse war es mehrfach möglich, den Nachweis zu erbringen, daß alle 4 X-Chromosomen mütterlicher Herkunft sein müssen. Als Ursache der Polysomie des X-Chromosoms wird daher in diesen Fällen eine sukzessive Non-disjunction diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract In addition to 47,XXY Klinefelter's syndrome, several variants have been described. The anomalies most frequently found have the karyotypes 46,XX, 48,XXYY, 48,XXXY, and 49,XXXXY. Because of its unequivocal symptomatology the 49,XXXXY chromosome aberration has a prominent place among them. Seven new cases of this rare syndrome are described and 79 cases published up to 1972 are reviewed. Frequent symptoms are prenatal dystrophy, marked psychomotor retardation, hypoplastic genitals, the peculiar facial features, and skeletal malformations affecting particularly the forearms and hands (radioulnarsynostosis, clinodactyly or brachyphalangy of the fifth fingers, metacarpal pseudoepiphyses). Rare symptoms are ocular malformations and congenital heart defects, especially an open arterial duct. Xg blood group analysis made it possible to demonstrate the maternal origin of all four X chromosomes in some cases. In these cases successive non-disjunction of maternal X chromosomes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00440360
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contact dermatitis from clotrimazole with positive patch-test reactions also to croconazole and itraconazole (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 40 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb05977.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergic contact dermatitis from povidone-iodine (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 40 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06089.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effects of Hepatic Preservation at 0^oC Compared to 5^oC: Influence of Antiproteases and Periodic Flushing
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cryobiology 31 (1994), S. 434-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0011-2240
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cryo.1994.1053
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid improvement of recalcitrant disseminated granuloma annulare upon treatment with the tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitor, infliximab (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 152 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Granuloma annulare (GA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology, which is characterized clinically by erythematous plaques preferentially localized to the distal extremities, although disseminated variants exist. In light of the chronic relapsing nature of GA and lack of satisfactory treatment options, we initiated treatment with infliximab in a patient with chronic disseminated GA that was recalcitrant to standard treatment. The 59-year-old female patient with insulin-dependent diabetes had experienced GA lesions for more than 4 years despite various systemic and topical treatments. Systemic glucocorticoids were not a therapeutic option because of the preexisting unstable insulin-dependent diabetes. Infliximab was administered intravenously at 5 mg kg−1 day−1 at weeks 0, 2 and 6 and thereafter at a monthly interval for an additional 4 months. Most of the GA plaques resolved within 4–6 weeks, leaving postinflammatory brownish macules. Newly arising plaques disappeared within 2 weeks and new GA lesions were not observed during the entire observation period of more than 16 months. Infliximab may be an additional option in the treatment of recalcitrant forms of GA as well as in other chronic granulomatous skin disorders, such as sarcoidosis and necrobiosis lipoidica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06371.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgG, IgA and IgE autoantibodies against the ectodomain of desmoglein 3 in active pemphigus vulgaris (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 144 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background IgG autoantibodies against desmoglein (Dsg) 3 play a key part in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV), the most severe autoimmune bullous disorder. Objectives To determine whether immunoglobulin isotypes other than IgG are detectable in the sera of patients with PV and whether a particular immunoglobulin subtype is associated with a distinct clinical phenotype of PV. Methods Sera from 41 patients with acute-onset, chronic active, and remittent PV disease with mucosal and cutaneous lesions were assayed against a baculovirus-expressed Dsg3 protein by immunoblot analysis. Results In acute-onset PV, Dsg3-reactive IgG1 was detected in nine of 15 (60%), IgG4 in 14 of 15 (93%), IgA in nine of 15 (60%) and IgE in two of 15 (13%) sera. In chronic active PV, Dsg3-reactive IgG1 was detected in 11 of 18 (61%), IgG4 in 16 of 18 (89%), IgA in 13 of 18 (72%) and IgE in two of 18 (11%) sera. In contrast, sera from patients with remittent PV disease contained only Dsg3-reactive IgG1 in six of eight (75%) and IgG4 in four of eight (50%) cases, but not Dsg3-reactive IgA or IgE. Conclusions In extension of previous findings, our study demonstrates that, in addition to IgG autoantibodies, IgA and occasionally IgE autoantibodies reactive with Dsg3 are present in acute and chronic active PV. The detection of Dsg3-reactive autoantibodies of the IgG4, IgA and IgE subclasses in active PV provides additional evidence that PV is a T-helper 2-regulated autoimmune disorder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04228.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective generation of CD8+ T-cell clones from the peripheral blood of patients with cutaneous reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 128 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The presence, phenotype, and functional characteristics of peripheral blood penicillin-specific T lymphocytes in individuals with cutaneous allergic reactions to penicillin were investigated using in vitro long-term culture techniques. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from two penicillin-allergic patients were stimulated in vitro with penicillin, and T-cell blasts were clonally expanded by limiting dilution. Seven T-cell clones were derived, all of which were CD3+ CD4− CD8+ HLA-DR+, and produced IL-2 and IFN-γ upon stimulation. T-cell proliferation required the presence of antigen and autologous, but not allogeneic, antigen-presenting cells. In addition to the parent compound, the T-cell clones also developed a proliferative response to penicilloyl, the major metabolite of penicillin. The cloned T-cell lines were found to exhibit marked suppressor activity for Con A mitogenesis. The observed suppressor activity required cell-to-cell contact, as supernatants from these T-cell clones had no comparable inhibitory effect. These findings indicate that there is a predominance of penicillin-specific CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of individuals sensitized to beta-lactam antibiotics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00255.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CD8+ dermal T cells from a sulphamethoxazole-induced bullous exanthem proliferate in response to drug-modified liver microsomes (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 132 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There is evidence that T lymphocytes play a critical role in the pathogenesis of drug-induced bullous exanthems. Sulphonamides are known to be among the most frequent aetiological agents in these severe drug-induced cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. Several studies indicate that cytochrome P450-dependent metabolites of sulphonamides act as the nominal allergens. A 70-year-old woman with a severe blistering exanthem caused by cotrimoxazole (sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim) was studied. We employed an in vitro approach to determine whether cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes activated drug-specific T lymphocytes from this patient. Immunohistochemical analysis of involved skin revealed a majority of epidermal CD8+ T lymphocytes, whereas the dermal infiltrate was composed of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Dermal T lymphocytes isolated from lesional skin proliferated in response to sulphamethoxazole, but not to trimethoprim, in the presence of autologous mononuclear cells used as antigen-presenting cells. The antigen-specific response of sulphamethoxazole-specific T cells was significantly augmented in the presence of murine liver microsomes with P450-dependent catalytic activities. Our observations suggest that some cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to sulphamethoxazole are due to drug-specific T lymphocytes. Cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes may play a critical role in the formation of the nominal antigen, which is recognized by antigen-specific T cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb05016.x
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