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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postoperative Oblique Sagittal MR Imaging of Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 737-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging; postoperative state; hemifacial spasm; microvascular decompression.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  Pre-operative and postoperative oblique sagittal gradient-echo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to evaluate microvascular decompression of the facial nerves in 26 patients with hemifacial spasm. The pre-operative MR images were divided into two groups as follows: 22 images in Group I, clear imaging of a high-intensity line and/or spot at the root exit zone (REZ) of the facial nerve; and 4 in Group II, and unreliable image around the REZ. Surgery found that the causative vessel was the vertebral artery (VA) in 9 cases and the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) in 13 cases in Group I, and the AICA or the PICA in the 4 cases in Group II. Postoperative MR imaging showed clear decompression as the high-intensity line and/or spot completely separated from the REZ by a low- and/or iso- intensity area in 9 cases of VA compression repositioned to the petrous dura mater, in 11 cases of PICA or AICA compression treated by shredded Teflon pledgets in Group I and in 3 cases in Group II. Postoperative MR imaging showed an incomplete separation of any high-intensity line and/or spot in the REZ in 2 cases of PICA or AICA compression in Group I and in one in Group II. The outcome was excellent in 22 of 23 cases with clear decompression, and in 1 of 3 cases of unclear decompression. Hemifacial spasm persisted in 3 cases. Oblique sagittal gradient-echo MR imaging is a useful method for postoperative follow-up which can demonstrate changes around the REZ of the facial nerve if hemifacial spasm recurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050369
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Usefulness and Pitfalls of Intraoperative Spinal Motor Evoked Potential Recording by Direct Cortical Electrical Stimulation (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 142 (2000), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Cortical mapping; motor evoked potential; somatosensory evoked potential.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ Objective. The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness and problems with spinal motor evoked potential (MEP) recording, especially the reasons for failed recording. We report our personal experience over the last 8 years in patients with lesions adjacent to the primary motor cortex. Methods. MEP records of 50 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed. MEP was recorded by a catheter electrode inserted in the cervical epidural space. Stimulation electrodes were placed on the cortical surface during surgery. SEP recording was also performed in 29 of 50 patients. Results. MEP was obtained in 40 cases, and SEP was recorded in all 29 cases. The central sulcus was identified in 93% of patients in whom both MEP and SEP were performed, whereas in only 86% of patients who underwent only MEP. The main reason for MEP failure were inadequate exposure of the motor cortex, pre-existing hemiparesis and technical errors. Postoperative deterioration of motor function was closely related to intra-operative MEP changes. Conclusion. MEP is a useful tool to determine the motor cortex and to predict postoperative motor function. However, precise pre-operative craniotomy planning and combination with intra-operative SEP is essential to reduce the MEP failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050033
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symmetrical bilateral low-density lesions in the areas of supply by Heubner's arteries after aneurysm surgery (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 84 (1987), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral aneurysm ; post-operative complication ; recurrent artery of Heubner ; computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three patients with symmetrical bilateral low-density areas which were the perfusion territories of Heubner's arteries are reported. The infarctions were demonstrated on computed tomography after aneurysm surgery. Two of them had an anterior communicating artery aneurysm and the other one had multiple aneurysms of both sides. They were operated upon in the acute stage after subarachnoid haemorrhage. As common factors, a thick and diffuse subarachnoid haemorrhage, an acute-stage operation, temporary clips to bilateral A1 segments or the internal carotid artery and a relatively low systemic blood pressure during operation were found. From these findings we concluded that the pathogenesis of the infarctions was due to occlusive changes affecting Heubner's arteries bilaterally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01418830
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical Analysis of Factors Affecting the Outcome of Patients with Ruptured Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysms (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 142 (2000), S. 1241-1246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Anterior cerebral artery aneurysms; subarachnoid haemorrhage; outcome; surgery.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  The clinical factors affecting the outcome of patients with ruptured distal anterior cerebral artery (ACA) aneurysms were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis.  The medical records were reviewed of 52 patients (57 aneurysms) with ruptured distal ACA aneurysms operated on by the same neurosurgeon over 25 years. The standard policy was early surgery for patients in Hunt and Kosnik grades I to IV. Age, sex, Hunt and Kosnik grade, timing of operation, size of aneurysms, number of aneurysms, association of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), intraventricular haemorrhage, and azygos ACA, use of temporary clipping , occurrence of premature rupture, and presence of psychiatric change were investigated. Univariant analysis disclosed that clinical grade (P=0.0006), size of aneurysm (P=0.005), and size of ICH (P=0.012) affected the outcome of patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis found that Hunt and Kosnik grade (P=0.010) and timing of operation (P=0.033) affected the outcome. There was no significant relationship between long-term outcome and clinical factors, although a close relationship was found with Hunt and Kosnik grade (P=0.071).  Clinical grade and timing of the operation affected the outcome of patients with ruptured distal ACA aneurysms. Patients harboring ICH of over 3 cm diameter in poor grades should also be carefully treated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010070020
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of fatigue caused to human body by solar exposure by measuring brain function performance (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Following direct exposure to sunlight while pursuing leisure activities, many have noticed a strong sense of fatigue in the evening. In this regard, our results of a survey of awareness showed that the development of fatigue from solar exposure of the body was generally recognized. On the other hand, a tool for objective and quantitative determination of mental fatigue has recently been reported. Known as the Advanced Trail Making Test (ATMT), it is a method of evaluating brain function. In the present study, we attempted to determine fatigue development caused by exposure of the human body to solar radiation using ATMT results. For 3 days in the summer season, 15 male subjects (26–41 years old) received exposure to the sun equivalent to 100 kJ cm−2 of ultraviolet radiation three to four times each day. During the periods of exposure, the subjects wore short-sleeved shirts and short pants, and covered their heads with a towel. Following the 3-day period, they were divided into two groups based on their subjective evaluation of a sense of tiredness, fatigued (n = 10) and non-fatigued (n = 5). In the fatigued group, a significant increase in the subjective score for fatigue sense was observed in the evening of all 3 days following sun exposure, as well as in the morning of the third day, as compared with those in the non-fatigued group. Further, a significant increase in average ATMT value was also observed in the fatigued group in the evening of the first and second days following sun exposure, as well as in the morning of the third day. These results indicate that ATMT may be a useful evaluation tool for quantitative and objective measurement of mental fatigue caused by exposure to sunlight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00231_1.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of lip treatment on the basis of desquamation mechanism (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lip chapping is a serious cosmetics problem, though remedies other than moisturization have not been proposed. We investigated changes in the surface configurations of lip corneocytes and activities of desquamation-regulating proteinases associated with lip chapping. Using scanning electron microscopy, villus-like projections were observed on the inner surfaces of most corneocytes from normal lips, whereas those with flatter surface were predominantly found in chapped lips. Furthermore, cell surface area increased with the severity of lip chapping. Cathepsin D-like and chymo-trypsin-like proteinase, which are also present in skin as desquamation-regulating proteinases, were detected in lip corneocytes, though only cathepsin D activity was found to decrease in severely chapped lips. Hydration was also lower in areas of lip chapping. Sequential topical application of apricot extract essence increased cathepsin D activity and improved chapping severity. Our results suggest that lip chapping can be characterized as similar to senile xerosis rather than dry skin such as winter xerosis, as it shows a delayed transition of corneocytes through the stratum corneum, and the reduced cathepsin D activity may be one of the mechanisms that is further decreased by low hydration. We propose that an enhancement of both cathepsin D activity and lip moisture may be effective to improve lip chapping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00217_01.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Objective determination of fatigue development following sun exposure using Advanced Trail Making Test (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sun exposure during leisure activity evokes fatigue. We employed the Advanced Trail Making Test (ATMT), a recently developed objective method of evaluating brain function performance used to measure mental fatigue, for objective determination of fatigue development caused by solar exposure to the human body. First, a survey of consumer awareness was performed, and fatigue development from solar exposure was generally recognized in both summer and spring. In the field test, 15 males (26–41 years old) received sun exposure equivalent to 100 kJ m−2 of ultraviolet radiation three to four times each day for 3 days, during which the subjects wore a short sleeve shirt and a short pant, and covered their head with a towel. A significant increase in scores for subjective sense of fatigue was observed in the evening of all 3 days following sun exposure and on the fourth day, which had no exposure, as well as in the morning of the third and fourth days, as compared with those periods during the control week, which did not have experimental solar exposure. ATMT showed a significant increase in average value in the evening of the first and second days following sun exposure, as well as in the morning of the third and fourth days. In addition, increases in body temperature and heart rate were observed during the exposure periods. The results of multiple regression analysis of subjective feelings showed that fatigue caused by solar exposure was qualitatively different from that in the control week. These results suggest that brain function performance declined following solar exposure as did fatigue development. ATMT results may be useful for quantitative and objective evaluation of mental fatigue caused by sun exposure, along with development of sun care products for the prevention of solar-caused fatigue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0142-5463.2004.00200.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of glycolic acid on desquamation-regulating proteinases in human stratum corneum (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 14 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  In order to investigate the mechanism of glycolic acid (GA) function in human stratum corneum, we monitored changes in cathepsin D-like (CD) and chymotrypsin-like (SCCE) proteinases for 3 weeks following topical GA application (50% w/v, pH 0.9) for 30 min to human skin. In the early phase, weakened stratum corneum cohesion in the lower layers was observed on day 2 and the amount of active CD in the upper layer of the stratum corneum was significantly decreased from 30 min until day 2, whereas that in the lower layer remained normal. In contrast, the amount of active SCCE showed no change during the experimental period. The surface pH of the stratum corneum drastically decreased to pH 2 at 30 min and slightly recovered to around pH 3 until 1 day after treatment. From 9 to 19 days, a decrease in corneocyte cell area and a remarkable long-term increase in the amount of active CD in the upper layer were observed. In an in vitro study, the activities of desquamation-regulating proteinases were shown to have remarkably increased at around pH 3, due to activation of CD at its optimal pH. These results suggest that GA functions via at least two different mechanisms, acute activation of CD in the lower layer by acidification around pH 3, along with inactivation of CD in the upper layer, and long-term enhancement of de novo CD production in the few weeks following GA treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0906-6705.2005.00224.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of c-MYC Protein Expression in the Developing Rat Cerebellum by Phosphoinositide Turnover
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 197 (1993), S. 278-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1993.2472
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Increased the Integrin α"2β"1 Expression and Cell Attachment to Type I Collagen in Human Dermal Fibroblasts
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 192 (1993), S. 281-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1993.1411
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