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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Salivary gland ; Hybrid tumour ; Adenoid cystic carcinoma ; Salivary duct carcinoma ; Tumour markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Hybrid tumours of the salivary glands are very rare entities composed of two different tumours, each of which conforms with an exactly defined category. We describe an unusual hybrid carcinoma of the palate; it was comprised of an adenoid cystic carcinoma and a salivary duct carcinoma with a transitional region. These two different compartments showed different characteristics as regards cellular differentiation, proliferative activity, and expression of oncogene and tumour suppressor oncogene proteins, as revealed by using markers for muscle actin, keratin, vimentin, S-100 protein, GFAP, Ki-67, p53, and c-erbB-2 proteins. This case is the first reported with overexpression of p53 and c-erbB-2 proteins in the tumour entities. Salivary gland tumours consist of heterogeneous histological groups, and each has morphological diversity. This case indicates that some of the oncogene and tumour suppressor oncogene proteins may help to produce the histological heterogeneity of the salivary gland tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: leiomyosarcoma ; thyroid gland ; α-smooth muscle actin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Primary leiomyosarcoma of the thyroid gland is extremely rare, and to the best of our knowledge only five well-documented cases have been reported in the world literature. We herein report a 58-year-old female patient with primary leiomyosarcoma of the thyroid who was successfully treated by total thyroidectomy with a modified neck dissection. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed positive reactivity to α-smooth muscle actin and vimentin. Radical surgery was thus considered to be essential in the treatment of this rare but rather aggressive malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Solid cell nests ; Thyroid gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The histogenesis and clinical significance of solid cell nests (SCN) of the thyroid are not fully understood. From August 1987 to December 1989 a total of 2544 patients with thyroid and parathyroid diseases underwent surgery at Ito Hospital, and SCN were revealed within the thyroid parenchyma in 21 (0.8%). Distribution of SCN was not limited to the upper one-third of the lateral lobe, and SCN were found even in the isthmus lobe. In 5 cases microcysts were also noted within SCN, and their content was thought to be acidic proteoglycan. Immunohistochemical study revealed that SCN were negative for thyroglobulin and calcitonin but positive for carcinoembryonic antigen. Thirteen of 21 cases showed positive immunostaining with cytokeratin. Scattered calcitonin-positive cells were noted around the SCN. It is suggested from these findings that SCN of the thyroid are closely related to certain cells of ultimobranchial body vestiges which may be not of neuroectodermal origin but of endodermal origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On a étudié les caratéristiques du cancer de la thyroïde, dans sa variété différenciée non médullaire, survenu chez 23 patients provenant de 11 familles. Cinq patients étaient des hommes, 18 des femmes. La relation familiale était parent/enfant dans 12 cas provenant de 6 familles, et frère/soeur dans 11 cas provenant de 5 familles. Des membres de 8 autres familles présentaient un cancer d'un autre organe. Il y avait 18 cancers papillaires, 2 cancers folliculaires, et 2 cancers anaplasiques (on a considéré que les 2 cancers anaplasiques étaient des transformations à partir de cancers différenciés préexistants). Dans un cas, le type histologique était inconnu. Le diamètre moyen de la lésion primitive était de 29.9 mm. On a retrouvé des métastases ganglionnaires cervicales chez 77.8% des patients et une récidive locale chez 28.6%. Les tumeurs étaient principalement solides et invasives. Par rapport aux cancéreux non familiaux et à la population japonaise normale, il y avait plus de phénotypes B7 et DR1 au système HLA. L'haplotype B7-CW7-DR1 était observé chez 5 des 13 patients testés. On suggère que certains types de cancer différenciés, non médullaires, ayant des facteurs communs génétiques et immunologiques, peuvent survenir dans une même famille.
    Abstract: Resumen Se informa la ocurrencia familiar de carcinoma bien diferenciado, no medular, de tiroides en 23 pacientes provenientes de 11 familias, 5 hombres y 18 mujeres. La relación familiar fue “padre e hijo” en 12 casos de 6 familias, y “hermanos” en 11 casos de 5 familias. Se observé la presencia de carcinoma de otros órganos en otros miembros de 8 familias. El examen histopatológico reveló 18 carcinomas papilares, 2 foliculares, y 2 anaplásicos (los 2 fueron considerados como transformación de carcinomas diferenciados preexistentes). En un caso no fue conocido el tipo histológico. El diámetro promedio de la lesión primaria fue 29.9 mm. Se hallaron metástasis en ganglios cervicales en 77.8% de los pacientes y recurrencia local en 28.6%. El crecimiento sólido e invasivo apareció como característica dominante. En la tipificación HLA aparecieron como significativamente predominantes los fenotipos de B7 y DR1 en pacientes familiares en comparación con pacientes no familiares y japoneses normales. Por otra parte, el halotipo de B7-CW7-DR1 fue observado en 5 de 13 pacientes investigados. Como resultado de estas observationes se sugiere que algunos tipos de carcinomas diferenciados, no medulares, pueden demostrar ocurrencia familiar y que pueden poseer factores comunes relacionados con las bases genéticas e inmunológicas de la enfermedad.
    Notes: Abstract Familial occurrence of differentiated, nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma in 23 patients from 11 families is reported. Five patients were male and 18 were female. The familial relationship of patients was “parent and child” in 12 cases from 6 families, and “siblings” in 11 cases from 5 families. Carcinoma of other organs was noted in other members in 8 families. Histological examination revealed 18 papillary, 2 follicular, and 2 anaplastic carcinomas (the 2 anaplastic carcinomas were considered to be transformed from preexisting differentiated carcinoma). In 1 case, the histological type was unknown. The average diameter of the primary lesion was 29.9 mm. Cervical lymph node metastasis was found in 77.8% and local recurrence in 28.6% of the patients. Solid and invasive growth was dominant. On HLA typing, phenotypes of B7 and DR1 were significantly redominant in familial patients compared with nonfamilial patients and normal Japanese. Moreover, the haplotype of B7-Cw7-DR1 was observed in 5 of 13 patients tested. It is suggested from these observations that some types of differentiated, nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma may show familial occurrence and that they may have common factors with regard to the genetic and immunologic basis of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cette étude a été élaborée pour identifier 11 antigènes différents, y compris la calcitonine (CT), la peptide codée par le gène calcitonine (PCGC), la peptide de stimulation de la gastrine (PSG), et ACE dans les tumeurs de 36 patients ayant un cancer médullaire de la thyroïde (CMT) avec la technique de coloration immunopéroxidase. La clinique des patients ayant un CMT a été comparée aux données immunohistochimiques pour établir des facteurs influençant le pronostic. Les CMT contenaient de nombreuse substances chimiques chez la plupart des patients. La CT et ACE étaient positifs chez tous les patients. La PCGC et la PSG se coloraient positivement chez 96.6 et 82.9% des patients à CMT, respectivement, suggérant que la PCGC et la PSG sont des marqueurs tumoraux potentiels pour le CMT. Dans les cellules tumorales, CT, PSGC., et PSG ont été souvent identifiées dans les mêmes cellules. En général on a trouvé plus d'antigènes chez les patients à CMT familiaux que chez les patients à CMT sporadiques. Chez les 2 patients inopérables chez qui l'évolution était extrêmement agressive, ces tumeurs étaient histologiquement indifférenciéés et la coloration pour ces hormones, pauvres, suggèrant une perte des caractères spécifiques neurendocrines de la tumeur. Chez ces 2 patients, la distribution de CT et d'ACE était inversement proportionnelle l'une par rapport à l'autre: la quantité de CT était réduite dans les cellules alors que la coloration pour l'ACE était homogène. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que la PCGC et la PSG, comme le sont déjà la CT et l'ACE, sont peut-être des marqueurs tumoraux pour le CMT. Il est possible que la CT et l'ACE puissent être utilisés pour différencier les patients à haut degré de malignité.
    Abstract: Resumen Este estudio fue diseñado con el fín de identificar 11 antígenos diferentes, incluyendo calcitonina (CT), péptido calcitonina gen-relacionada (PCGR), péptido liberador de gastrina (PLG), y antígeno carcinoembriónico (ACE), en los tumores de 36 pacientes con carcinoma medular de tiroides (CMT) utilizando técnicas de coloración con inmunoperoxidasa. Además, se compararon las características clínicas del CMT con los hallazgos inmunohistoqufmicos para definir factores que tengan influencia sobre el pronóstico. Se encontró que el CMT contiene una variedad de productos en muchos de los pacientes y que la CT y el ACE fueron positivos en la totalidad de los pacientes. El PCGR y PLG mostraron coloración positiva en 96.6% y 82.9% de los pacientes, respectivamente, lo cual sugiere que el PCGR y el PLG son noveles marcadores tumorales del CMT. En las células tumorales comparadas en secciones adyacentes apareadas, las 3 hormonas, CT, PCGR, y PLG fueron frecuentemente demostrados en células idénticas. Los pacientes con enfermedad de tipo familiar exhibieron mayor número de sustancias múltiples que los pacientes con enfermedad esporádica. En los 2 pacientes inoperables con progresión tumoral de extrema agresividad, los tumores mostraron indiferenciación en la histología y pobre coloración para las hormonas péptidos, lo cual sugiere que se habían perdido sus cualidades específicas como tumores neuroendocrinos. Estos 2 pacientes, en particular, revelaron una relación inversa entre la distribución de CT y de ACE, tal que pequeñas cantidades de CT estaban presentes en células que exhibían coloración homogénica para ACE. Este estudio sugiere que el PCGR y el PLG, además de la CT y el ACE, pueden ser potenciales marcadores tumorales para CMT. La CT y el ACE pueden ser posibles marcadores para diferenciar los pacientes con severo grado de malignidad de aquellos con malignidad ordinaria.
    Notes: Abstract This study was designed to identify 11 different antigens including calcitonin (CT), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), in the tumors of 36 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) using immunoperoxidase staining techniques. In addition, clinical features of MTC patients were compared with the immunohistochemical findings to establish factors influencing prognosis. MTC was found to contain various products in many patients and CT and CEA were positive in all patients. CGRP and GRP showed positive staining in 96.6% and 82.9% of MTC patients, respectively, suggesting that CGRP and GRP are novel tumor markers for MTC. In tumor cells, CT, CGRP, and GRP were often revealed in identical cells. Familial patients showed more multiple substances than sporadic patients. In the 2 inoperable patients with extremely aggressive progression, tumors showed undifferentiated histology and poor staining for peptide hormones, suggesting that specific qualities such as neuroendocrine tumor had been lost. These 2 patients particularly revealed an inverse relationship between CT and CEA distribution such that small amounts of CT were present in cells which have homogenous staining for CEA. This study suggests that CGRP and GRP, in addition to CT and CEA, may be a histologically potential tumor marker for MTC. CT and CEA may be possible markers for differentiating patients with high malignancy from those with ordinary malignancy.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le cancer épithélial (CE) de la thyroïde est extrêmement rare. Cependant, le CE associé à d'autres types histologiques de tumeur se voit plus souvent. Nous avons analysé 67 cas de cancer de la thyroïde provenant des autopsies de deux institutions entre respectivement, 1969 et 1981 et 1975 et 1992. Il y avait 19 cas de CE (28.4%). Parmi ceux-ci, le CE était la seule tumeur maligne et était de type histologique uniforme dans deux cas. Il y avait neuf cas de CE et de cancer papillaire, et 8 cas de CE associé à un cancer papillaire et anaplasique. Le composant CE, cependant, n'a été retrouvé sur la pièce opératoire que dans quatre cas. Ces résultats indiquent qu'il est probable que le composant CE se révèle à un stade plus tardif de l'évolution.
    Abstract: Resumen El carcinoma escamocelular (CEC) de la glándula tiroides es considerado como un tumor extremadamente raro. Sin embargo, el CEC coincidente con tumores de otros tipos histológicos no es infrecuente. Revisamos 67 autopsias de cáncer tiroidea practicadas en dos instituciones entre 1969 y 1981 y entre 1975 y 1992, respectivamente. Se halló CEC en 19 casos (28.4%): en 2 el CEC apareció como el único neoplasma maligno y con un tipo histológico uniforme, en 9 casos mezclado con carcinoma papilar y en 8 mezclado con carcinomas papilar y anaplásico. En sólo 4 de estos casos se encontró el componente de CEC en los especímenes quirúrgicos. Tales resultados indican que la presencia del componente CEC es más probable que sea hillado en las etapas tardías de la enfermedad.
    Notes: Abstract Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the thyroid is thought to be rare. However, SCC not infrequently occurs in conjunction with other histologic types of tumor. We reviewed 67 thyroid cancer autopsy cases obtained from two institutions from 1969 to 1981 and from 1975 to 1992, respectively. SCC was found in 19 cases (28.4%): 2 SCCs as the only malignancy and of uniform histologic type, 9 cases of tumors mixed with papillary carcinoma, and 8 cases of SCC mixed with papillary and anaplastic carcinomas. In only four of these cases was the SCC component found in the surgical specimens. These results indicate that the presence of SCC component is more likely to be found at the later stage of the disease.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of bone and mineral metabolism 18 (2000), S. 140-147 
    ISSN: 1435-5604
    Keywords: Key words: twy mouse, chain granules, cartilage, calcification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: twy mice are autosomal recessive mutant mice that develop multiple progressive abnormal calcification, mainly of the cartilage or tendons of the spine and limbs. They finally succumb to severe deformation and ankylosis. We carried out an ultrastructural study on the growth plate as well as the articular and spinal disc cartilage of twy mice and control ICR mice. Knee and spinal specimens were obtained from the animals, then prepared using standard procedures. Ultrastructural observations were made on uranyl lead-stained sections and elemental analysis was carried out on unstained sections. In both twy and ICR mice, linked granules (chain granules) were observed at the pericellular matrix, but there was no remarkable difference between their presence in the growth cartilage. In the twy mice, however, chain granules were observed in the pericellular matrix, cytoplasm, and nucleus of the articular and spinal disc cartilage. These chain granules disappeared after decalcification. Elemental analyses revealed significant amounts of calcium and phosphorus in these granules. It may be significant for abnormal calcification that such chain granules were observed in the articular and spinal disc cartilage of twy mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: acute suppurative thyroiditis ; cervical thymic cyst ; perithyroidal abscess
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of acute suppurative thyroiditis following a perithyroidal abscess, which was thought to have resulted from infection of a cervival thymic cyst, is reported herein. The patient was an 8 year old asthmatic Japanese boy who originally presented with tender swelling of the left anterior neck in July, 1986. Although pharyngography could not clearly demonstrate the pyriform sinus fistula, a hypoechoic area around the left lobe of the thyroid gland was noted on ultrasonography. Incisional drainage revealedStreptococcus milleri. A diagnosis of acute suppurative thyroiditis was established, and a cystic tubular mass was surgically resected from the left perithyroidal space some time later. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed partly cystic thymic tisue along with parathyroid tissue. These observations suggested that acute suppurative thyroditis in this case was caused by a perithyroidal abscess and that a perithyroidal abscess may also result from infection of a cervival thymic cyst.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Adenocarcinoma of the appendix ; CEA ; CA199
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix with a large cystic lesion is reported. A 49-year-old man undergoing a routine ultrasonic scan was incidentally found to have an abdominal mass measuring some 30 cm in size. The clinical presentation was asymptomatic, and the patient underwent a laparotomy without ascertaining a diagnosis preoperatively. The lesion, which derived from the appendix, was removed and was found to be cystic and contained huge amounts of mucin. The histological findings revealed a well-differentiated cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix, and immunohistochemical staining of the epithelium and mucinous implants in the mass demonstrated a positive reaction for carcinogenic antigens, including carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: matrix metalloproteinases ; collagenase ; gastrointestinal tract ; metastasis ; in situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Collagenolytic proteinases play an important pathological role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. However, little is known about the role of interstitial collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-1; MMP-1) in this process. To investigate the expression of the MMP-1 gene in cancer tissues, anin situ hybridization study was carried out in gastrointestinal tract cancers (one esophageal cancer, five gastric cancers, and four colorectal cancers), using a35S-labeled MMP-1 cDNA probe. The MMP-1 gene was expressed in the stromal cells of fibrous tissue around cancer nests, especially at the margin of invasion and/or within the cancer nest; however, no definite expression within cancer cells was observed. Expression of the MMP-1 gene in the stromal cells was more common in well differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma than in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. These findings indicate that expression of the MMP-1 gene is greater in stromal cells that are closely associated with cancer cells, suggesting a pathophysiological role of MMP-1 in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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