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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complete 5' Noncoding Region Is Necessary for the Efficient Internal Initiation of Hepatitis C Virus RNA
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 199 (1994), S. 425-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1994.1246
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the betacellulin receptor in pancreatic AR42J cells (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 623-628 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Betacellulin ; epidermal growth factor ; epidermal growth factor receptor ; differentiation ; ErbB [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 623 ; 628]
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Betacellulin is a member of the epidermal growth factor family and converts pancreatic AR42J cells into insulin-producing cells. This study was conducted to characterise the receptor for betacellulin in AR42J cells. AR42J cells expressed two classes of binding sites for radioactive iodine labelled betacellulin, with Kd values of 4.6 × 10− 11 mol/l and 3.0 × 10− 10 mol/l. The binding of [125I]betacellulin was inhibited by unlabelled betacellulin in a dose-dependent manner, but epidermal growth factor was 50 fold less effective than betacellulin. Affinity cross-linking showed a [125I]betacellulin-binding protein with a molecular weight of approximately 180 KDa. When this protein was immunoprecipitated with antibody against epidermal growth factor receptors ErbB-1, ErbB-2, ErbB-3 or ErbB-4, it was immunoprecipitated only by the anti-ErbB-1 antibody. When the [125I]betacellulin-labelled proteins were immunoprecipitated with a combination of the four ErbB antibodies, and the unprecipitated proteins were then immunoprecipitated with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody, a 190 KDa protein was observed. Betacellulin induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB-1, ErbB-2 and ErbB-4. Finally, while 100 pmol/l betacellulin converted all of the AR42J into insulin-producing cells in the presence of activin A, 10 nmol/l epidermal growth factor induced differentiation in only about 30 % of the cells. Higher concentrations of epidermal growth factor were less effective. Neu differentiation factor in the presence or absence of epidermal growth factor was ineffective. These results indicate that betacellulin binds to ErbB-1 and possibly another protein with a molecular weight of 190 KDa. The latter betacellulin-binding protein may be involved in the differentiation-inducing activity of betacellulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050959
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mother-to-infant transmission occurs more frequently with GB virus C than hepatitis C virus (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 143 (1998), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  A total of 107 hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected pregnant women were screened for GB virus C (GBV-C) RNA in their sera, and 11 (10.3%) were positive. Among 11 infants born to these HCV/GBV-C co-infected mothers, GBV-C RNA was detected in 7 (63.6%) while HCV RNA was found in 1 (9.1%) within 1 year after birth: this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.023). The mothers of infected infants had significantly higher serum titers of GBV-C RNA than those of uninfected infants: 106.7±0.5 vs 104.0±1.0 copies/ml in average (p=0.001). The baby in whom HCV RNA was found was also positive for GBV-C RNA, and had an elevation in serum transaminase levels, whereas all the other GBV-C infected infants showed no evidence for hepatitis. A family study, performed on 2 of the 7 infected cases, revealed that all the elder siblings of the index infants were also GBV-C RNA-positive. Nucleotide sequence of GBV-C RNA, amplified by PCR from an NS3 region, was completely identical between the mother and the infant within each family, but varied significantly across different families. These results suggest that GBV-C is more easily transmitted from mother to infant than HCV, although hepatitis is not caused thereby.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050268
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New variant groups identified from HGV isolates (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 142 (1997), S. 1021-1028 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  We have determined the primary sequence of the 5′ noncoding region (5′ NCR) and putative helicase regions (NS-3) of hepatitis G virus (HGV) and GB virus C (GBV-C) that were isolated in Japan from suspected cases of nonA-nonB and/or nonA-nonB-nonC viral hepatitis by using RT-PCR, and we compared the newly isolated sequences with three established isolates. The addition of a "G" residue was found at the 5′ terminus of all 8 Japanese isolates. These isolates were more clearly distinguished from the prototype viruses by comparison with the 5′ NCR sequence than by comparison with the NS-3 region. Our results suggested that at least three distinct genomic variants of HGV exist. Genotyping of HGV by using RT-PCR based on the sequence of the 5′ NCR seems highly feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050137
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Full-length GBV-C/HGV genomes from nine Japanese isolates: characterization by comparative analyses (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 143 (1998), S. 1063-1075 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The genomes of nine GBV-C/HGV isolates from Japanese chronic hepatitis patients were fully sequenced and characterized. They shared 85% nucleotide sequence homology with previously characterized isolates from the US and West Africa. Homology studies and phylogenetic analyses showed that the Japanese isolates formed a third group distinct from the established groups 1 and 2. The genetic distances between the three groups of GBV-C/HGV were very similar to the distances between the two classical swine fever virus (CSFV) serotypes, which suggested that they might belong to a separate GBV-C/HGV serotype. Plot similarity analysis comparing the three groups exposed relatively conserved terminal non-coding regions. Hairpin structures predicted in the Japanese isolates are probably involved in viral replication. The region coding E1-E2-NS-2 showed the least similarity (80%); in HCV the similarity here is only 50% due to its hypervariablity. NS-3 and NS-5b that respectivity encode the helicase/protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, had a high degree of amino acid homo- logy, suggesting a high degree of functional constraint in this region. The NS-5b nucleotide sequence was highly conserved perhaps because of constraints from RNA secondary structure and/or an open reading frame in the negative strand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050356
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical effects of DCCA to the sol-gel reaction process (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 5188-5192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effects of drying control chemical additives (DCCA) on the growth of silica particles, gelation time and physical properties of the dry gel were examined in a two-step silica sol-gel process.N,N-dimethylformamide,N,N-dimethylacetamide and ethylene glycol (EG) were applied as DCCAs. The shapes of growing silica particles were distorted spheres on addition of DCCA. EG accelerated the gelation process. Despite the use of DCCA, crack-free, dry gels were obtained only under limited conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01151115
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