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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colocalization of prion protein and β protein in the same amyloid plaques in patients with Gerstmann-Sträussler Syndrome (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 83 (1992), S. 333-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Prion protein ; β protein ; Amyloid ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immuno-electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined paraffin-embedded brain sections from three patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and four patients with Gerstmann-Sträussler syndrome (GSS) who also had β protein deposits in the brains. Immunostaining using anti-prion protein (PrP) and anti-β protein coupled with formic acid pretreatment, revealed PrP deposits and β protein deposits, respectively. In all four GSS patients examined, sequential double immunostaining and single immunostaining in serial sections or simultaneous double immunofluorescence revealed the colocalization of PrP and β protein in the same amyloid plaques. The plaques labeled with both antibodies were designated as β-PrP plaques. Small kuru plaques of less than 15 μm in diameter were rarely found to coexist with β deposits. The percentages of β-PrP plaques in larger kuru plaques were not constant among the four GSS patients. The colocalization patterns of both deposits were observed as being roughly of two types as follows: (1) diffuse β protein deposits located around the PrP core; and (2) a β protein core and PrP core simultaneously existing in one amyloid plaque. Under an electron microscope, we were able to confirm the presence of both β protein and PrP in a single plaque in four GSS patients older than 60 years old. In contrast, no colocalization of either deposits was seen in the amyloid plaque core fractions of a young GSS patient who had no β protein deposits, even at the electron microscopic level. Therefore, the colocalization of both proteins in a single plaque is believed to be age-related and incidental in GSS patients but suggests a similar morphogenesis of both amyloid deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713522
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with codon 129 polymorphism (Valine): a comparative study of patients with codon 102 point mutation or without mutations (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 349-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Prion protein ; Amyloid ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined 7 patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) with a methionine-to-valine change at prion protein (PrP) codon 129 (CJD129 patients). These CJD129 patients did not have either a condon 117 or 198 point mutation. For comparison, we also examined 7 patients with Gerstmann-Sträussler syndrome (GSS) with a proline-to-leucine change at PrP codon 102 (GSS102 patients) and 13 patients without any known mutations at codons 102, 117, 129, 178, or 200 (CJDwild patients). CJD129 patients had a long clinical duration and ataxia at onset, but rarely had any periodic synchronous discharge in their electroencephalogram. Unlike CJDwild patients, all CJD129 patients have typical congophilic PrP plaques in their brain. These clinicopathological findings were similar to those of GSS102. However, the distribution and morphology of PrP deposits revealed by immunohistochemistry were different between CJD129 and GSS102. In GSS102 more numerous and various types of PrP plaques are seen throughout the brain, while in CJD129 patients a unicentric core was the major feature of PrP plaques. The change in codon 129 influences the clinical course and pathological findings in CJD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227660
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comprehensive lectin histochemistry of normal and neoplastic human choroid plexus cells: alternation of lectin-binding patterns through neoplastic transformation (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lectin ; Choroid plexus ; Choroid plexus neoplasms ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lectin histochemistry of the normal and neoplastic human choroid plexus cells [six choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) and three choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs)] was performed using eight representative lectins to study the development of sugar chain structures and also to determine whether lectins were useful for a histopathological diagnosis of choroid plexus neoplasms (CPNs). The normal choroid plexus cells reacted with Ricinus communis (RCA-I), Canavalia ensiformis (Con A), Limax flavus (LFA) and Triticum vulgaris (WGA), while Arachis hypoaea (PNA) stained them only after the removal of sialic acid. Human fetal choroid plexus cells at 8 weeks gestation already showed the same lectin-binding patterns as adult ones. All CPNs were stained by RCA-I and Con A in a similar manner as the normal choroid plexus cells. Although seven CPNs were positive for LFA, two CPCs were not stained by LFA, which bound to sialic acid. Two LFA-positive CPPs were stained by PNA before the removal of sialic acid. Moreover, unlike the normal choroid plexus cells, Ulex europaeus-, Glycine maximus- and Dolichos biflorus- binding sites often appeared, and WGA-binding sites of three CPNs remained even after sialic acid removal. In conclusion, the glycosialylation in normal choroid plexus cells was completed during the early embryonic stage. The lectin-binding patterns of CPNs were heterogenous in each case. The alternation of the glycosialylation and/or acquisition of binding sites for some lectins was sometimes observed through a neoplastic transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00293955
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proliferating potential of folliculo-stellate cells in human pituitary adenomas (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 71 (1986), S. 233-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Folliculo-stellate cell ; Pituitary adenoma ; Glial fibrillary acidic protein ; S-100 protein ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Folliculo-stellate cells (FS cells) in 40 pituitary adenomas and portions of anterior pituitary adjacent to the tumor in 26 cases were investigated immunohistochemically, using polyclonal antisera to S-100 protein (S-100) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The objective was to clarify the histological behavior of the FS cells. In most pituitary adenomas there were few or no S-100-or GFAP-positive cell, in comparison with numerous positive cells in the parts of the adenohypophyses compressed by adenomas. However, positive FS cells were observed in some types of pituitary adenomas. Growth hormone and prolactin producing adenomas frequently contained significant amounts of FS cells. In non-functioning adenomas, an unique case of FS cell adenoma was present. The adenoma was composed mainly of FS cells and immature glandular cells. The FS cells were sometimes located around follicles containing Periodic acid Schiff-positive material. Therefore, the FS cell adenoma is characterized by S-100- and GFAP-positive FS cells and PAS-positive follicles. In this type of adenoma, FS cells seemed to be the main proliferating component. In parts of the adenohypophyses adjacent to the adenomas, GFAP0-positive FS cells were numerous. In the pathological conditions FS cells may possess the potential of reactive proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688045
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell kinetics of the malignant evolution of meningothelial meningioma (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 74 (1987), S. 243-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Malignant meningioma ; Local recurrence ; Cell kinetics ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Subarachnoid dissemination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A meningotheliomatous meningioma occurred in the right parietal parasagittal region of a 43-year-old woman. A total excision was carried out. Three years and 9 months later, one parasagittal and two falx tumours in close proximity recurred and were excised. The falx tumors showed the features of an anaplastic transitional meningioma with increased mitoses. The falx meningioma recurred locally and repeatedly, despite radiation therapy and chemoimmunotherapy. She died 7 years and 8 months after the onset. At autopsy, the tumor was found to have metastasized via the cerebrospinal fluid to the spinal cord and pituitary stalk. Extracranial metastases were not evident. At the fourth craniotomy, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was administered intravenously to label tumor cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. The BrdU-labeled cells accounted for 9.0%; they are usually less than 1% in benign meningiomas. Meningothelial meningiomas with a high labeling index recur rapidly, even after Simpson's grade 2 removal, and treatment for a malignant meningioma should be instituted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688188
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small heat-shock protein is expressed in meningiomas and in granulofilamentous inclusion bodies (1993)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1993), S. 248-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Meningioma ; Heat-shock protein ; Small heat-shock protein ; Ubiquitin ; Inclusion body
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cellular expression of estrogen receptor-related small heat-shock protein (HSP27) in meningiomas was investigated immunologically. A cytoplasmic distribution of HSP27 was demonstrated in surgical specimens of 22 of 26 cases with meningiomas and cultured meningioma cells derived from two individuals. By Western blotting, HSP27 was detected in every tissue homogenate of 17 cases studied. Thus, HSP27 appears to be constitutively expressed in most meningiomas. In anaplastic portions of one papillary meningioma, there were numerous granulofilamentous inclusion bodies [Goldman JE et al. (1980) Cancer 46:156–161]. The inclusion bodies were immunopositive for HSP27 despite the negativity of the tumor cytoplasms. Thus, HSP27 seems to participate in the formation of certain inclusion bodies in meningioma cells, like αB-crystallin which participates in the formation of Rosenthal fibers in astrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227718
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epithelial properties of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas determined in ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 74 (1987), S. 142-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma ; Epithelial properties ; Circumscribed growth ; Electron microscopy ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three cases of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA), one of which showed anaplastic evolution, are described. In all three the PXA tumors were well circumscribed and could be totally removed. Light-microscopically, pleomorphic tumor cells clustered gregariously and often formed alveolar structures. Electron microscopy revealed various epithelial properties, such as junctions and interdigitations between apposing tumor cells, and prominent basal laminae surrounding tumor nests. The circumscribed growth of PXA, as contrasted with an infiltrative growth of usual astrocytoma, can be attributed to the cellular cohesion based on the epithelial properties of the tumor cells. In the third patient, tumor recurred 6 months postoperatively. Although the recurrent tumor retained the alveolar structures, pleomorphism and various degenerative features of the tumor cells diminished with advance in the proliferative activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692844
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaplastic large cell ki-1 lymphoma in the central nervous system: Report of an autopsy case (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 577-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ki-1 lymphoma ; Lymphoma ; Brain tumor ; Central nervous system ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 45-year old immunocompetent man presented with multiple lesions in the brain. A histological examination of the tumors showed a diffuse infiltrate of lymphoid cells with cellular polymorphism and of multinucleated giant cells. These cells were immunolabeled with antibodies against B cell lineage and with a monoclonal antibody, Ber-H2 (CD30), which showed the presence of Ki-1 antigen. Recently, among systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, attention has been given to Ki-1-positive lymphomas, which have been incorporated in the up-dated Kiel classification. We report here a case of Ki-1-positive lymphoma arising in the CNS and review previously reported cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304479
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vascular permeability and cell kinetics of ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced rat brain tumours (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 91 (1988), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: ENU-induced glioma ; vasculature ; bromodeoxyuridine ; Evans blue dye ; blood-brain barrier ; mannitol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Vascular permeability and proliferative activity of ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-induced rat brain tumours were studied by intravenous injection of Evans blue dye (EB) and by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake examinations. Tumours induced by ENU showed various histologial types, and they were oligodendrogliomas, mixed oligo-astrocytomas, mixed oligo-ependymomas, astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas, polymorphic gliomas, and ependymomas. The labelling indexes (LIs: the ratio of BrdU-labelled cells to total cells) of tumour and vascular component cells in the tumour were high in anaplastic astrocytomas, polymorphic gliomas and ependymomas, but low in oligodendrogliomas. EB stained anaplastic astrocytomas, polymorphic gliomas and ependymomas deeply, but did not penetrate oligodendrogliomas. In mixed gliomas, EB staining and the LIs of tumour cells were not uniform. After intracarotid infusion of hyperosmolar mannitol into tumour-bearing rats, tumour staining with EB and the LIs of tumour cells were not increased, whereas the penetration of EB into the normal brain was drastically increased. Therefore it is not likely that the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumour could be increased by intracarotid infusion of hyperosmolar manitol. Our data suggest that the vascular permeability of tumour vessels is highly correlated with the high proliferative activity of tumour and its vascular cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01400531
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proliferative activity of meningiomas as evaluated by bromodeoxyuridine uptake examination (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 81 (1986), S. 135-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Bromodeoxyuridine uptake examination ; meningioma ; proliferative activity ; recurrence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Proliferative activity of meningiomas was examined in 12 consecutive cases by administering bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) before surgical removal and by immunohistochemical staining of the removed tumours using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody (anti-BrdU MAb) to detect BrdU-labelled tumour cells. The 12 cases consisted of 6 with a primary tumour and 6 with a recurrent tumour. All of the tumours contained labelled cells and the labelling index (LI) was obtained in each tumour. The highest average LI was 13.6% and the second highest was 9.0% both in recurrent cases of histologically malignant meningothelial meningioma. The high LIs of both cases were thought to correspond well with the rapid recurrence of the tumour. The average LI of a case of recurrent haemangiopericytic tumour was 2.0%, and that of a case of meningioma associated with von Recklinghausen disease was 1.5%. The other 8 meningiomas showed the average LIs ranging from 0.1 to 0.9%, which were considered to be the LIs of usual benign meningiomas. The results of the BrdU uptake examination was considered to reflect well the clinical behaviour of meningiomas. The usefulness of the BrdU uptake examination in brain tumours, which can be employed in the clinical practice without any serious side-effects, is stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01401236
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