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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental parainfluenza type 1 virus-induced encephalomyelopathy in adult mouse (1975)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 31 (1975), S. 315-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Parainfluenza Type 1 Virus ; 6/94 Virus ; Inoculation ; Encephalomyelopathy ; Ependymitis ; Multiple Sclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pathogenicity of a strain of parainfluenza type 1 virus, isolated from the cultured brain cells from multiple sclerosis patients and designated as 6/94 virus, was studied in mouse brain. Selective degeneration of cerebral white matter, preceded by mononuclear cell infiltration, and ependymitis were prominent pathological features of the mouse intracerebrally inoculated with 6/94 virus. After inactivation by ultraviolet light the virus was still capable of producing the inflammatory and degenerative white matter lesions, although the severity of ependymitis was substantially reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687926
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypes of mononuclear cell infiltrates in human central nervous system (1993)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1993), S. 653-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Japanese encephalitis ; Rabies ; Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ; AIDS ; graft-versus-host disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies applicable for identification of cell types in paraffin sections, the prevalence of mononuclear cell infiltrates with different phenotypes was estimated in large areas taken from 11 cases of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases in the human central nervous system. The present study clearly demonstrated a diversity of inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltrates, and the dominance of cell types in individual lesions appeared to be determined by both the nature of the diseases and the age of the lesions. The possible pathognomonic significance of a relatively high prevalence of CD4+CD45RO+ lymphocytes in acute rabies and in a convalescent stage of Japanese encephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334676
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subacute panencephalitis associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease (1993)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1993), S. 566-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Graft-versus-host disease ; Encephalitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A unique form of subacute panencephalitis developed in a child with aplastic anemia 8 months after an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). It was characterized by parenchymal infiltration of CD3 lymphocytes, a marked increase in the number of microglia strongly expressing HLA-DR antigens in both the gray and white matter, and diffuse degeneration of the cerebral white matter. The onset of neurological symptoms coincided with the development of chronic systemic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Cellular infiltrates in the CNS lesions were exclusively CD3 lymphocytes intermingled with a small number of monocytes labeled with CD68. There was a preponderance of cells of the CD45RB phenotype. The pathological changes in visceral organs were consistent with those of chronic GVHD. In addition, scrutiny of immunohistochemistry disclosed sparse infiltration of CD3 lymphocytes and diffuse gliosis in the cerebral white matter of another child with chronic GVHD who died 9 months after allogeneic BMT. These cases are suggestive of a potential risk of CNS involvement in GVHD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230498
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of Monocyte/Macrophage Lineage Cells in HAM/TSP (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 724 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb38940.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutamine Synthetase of the Human Brain: Purification and Characterization (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 49 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Glutamine synthetase (GS) isolated from human brain formed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-poly-acrylamide gel with a molecular weight of 44,000. The enzyme had a specific activity of 179.2 U/mg protein when assayed by measuring the rate of the formation of γ-glutamylhydroxamate using hydroxylamine as a substrate. In the presence of manganese ions, the relative activity of human brain GS was much lower than that of the sheep brain enzyme. The suppression of activity by increasing the ADP concentration, however, was less marked in the human enzyme than that in the sheep enzyme. Antibodies were raised in rabbits against the purified enzyme. The double-immunodiffusion technique disclosed cross-reactivities among GSs isolated from human, sheep, and rat brains, but the enzymes were not immunologically identical. Immunohistochemically, GS was localized in the cytoplasm of astrocytes in the human and rat brains and in pericentral hepatocytes of the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb02906.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of acute and chronic diseases induced by two subgroups of Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 91 (1996), S. 595-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Murine encephalomyelitis virus ; Demyelinating diseases ; Inflammation ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis viruses (TMEV) are divided into two subgroups on the basis of their different biological activities. The GDVII strain produces acute polioencephalomyelitis in mice, whereas the DA strain produces demyelination with virus persistence in the spinal cord. A comparative study of GDVII and DA strains suggested that low host immune responses are responsible for the development of acute GDVII infection and that the persistence of infected macrophages plays a crucial role in the development of chronic white matter lesions in DA infection. All 78 mice infected with GDVII died or became moribund by day 13, while none of 54 mice infected with DA died. In the acute stage, the distribution of viral antigens in the central nervous system (CNS) tissue was similar in both GDVII and DA infections, although the virus titer was higher in GDVII infection. In DA infection, a substantial number of T cells were recruited to the CNS on day 6 when they were virtually absent in GDVII infection. The titer of neutralizing antibody was already high on day 6 in DA infection but was negligible in GDVII infection. Development of chronic paralytic disease from day 35 of the DA infection was accompanied by focal accumulation of viral antigen-positive macrophages in the spinal white matter. In addition, white matter lesions comparable to those in chronic DA infection were induced in the spinal cord within 7 days after intracerebral injection of DA-infected murine macrophages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050472
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of extravasated serum protein after cryoinjury in neonatal and adult rat brains (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 89 (1995), S. 532-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Developing brain ; Brain edema ; Wound healing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The sequelae of cryoinjury to unilateral cerebral cortex were compared in neonatal and adult rats. In neonatal rats, immunostaining for autologous albumin disclosed a wide spread of extravasated albumin in both hemispheres on day 1 and rapid clearance from the tissue by day 7, whereas in adults rats, the distribution of albumin had progressively increased by day 7 and was then restricted to the injury site by day 14. Horseradish peroxidase tracing revealed a leakage of serum proteins by day 3 in neonates and by day 7 in adults. The rapid clearance of serum proteins from the neonatal brain tissue appeared to be promoted by vimentin-positive radial glia in the subpial and periventricular regions. A possible causal relationship between the rapid clearance of serum proteins and unique out-come of the cryoinjury in the neonatal brain is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571508
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of extravasated serum protein after cryoinjury in neonatal and adult rat brains (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 89 (1995), S. 532-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Developing brain ; Brain edema ; Wound ; healing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The sequelae of cryoinjury to unilateral cerebral cortex were compared in neonatal and adult rats. In neonatal rats, immunostaining for autologous albumin disclosed a wide spread of extravasated albumin in both hemispheres on day 1 and rapid clearance from the tissue by day 7, whereas in adults rats, the distribution of albumin had progressively increased by day 7 and was then restricted to the injury site by day 14. Horseradish peroxidase tracing revealed a leakage of serum proteins by day 3 in neonates and by day 7 in adults. The rapid clearance of serum proteins from the neonatal brain tissue appeared to be promoted by vimentin-positive radial glia in the subpial and periventricular regions. A possible causal relationship between the rapid clearance of serum proteins and unique outcome of the cryoinjury in the neonatal brain is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571508
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for early blood-brain barrier breakdown in experimental thiamine deficiency in the mouse (1995)
    Springer
    Metabolic brain disease 10 (1995), S. 159-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7365
    Keywords: Albumin ; Blood-brain barrier ; Central nervous system ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mouse ; Pyrithiamine ; Thiamine deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to assess the involvement of blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in the pathogenesis of thiamine deficiency encephalopathy, autologous albumin immunohistochemistry was performed in mice which were rendered thiamine-deficient by pyrithiamine, a BBB-permeant antagonist of thiamine. In the presymptomatic animals until day 8 of the treatment, histological lesions were not detected by H&E staining. However, localized staining of albumin was evident, suggesting an extravascular leakage of the endogenous intravascular protein. On day 10 of thiamine deficiency, when neurological signs appeared, both histological lesions and massive albumin extravasation were demonstrated in all the animals. The BBB breakdown was only occasionally observed in the brains of mice treated with oxythiamine, a BBB-impermeant antagonist or in control animals. These results suggest that BBB breakdown is not only a phenomenon secondary to tissue destruction, but it is more directly involved in the pathogenesis of thiamine deficiency encephalopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01991863
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The blood-brain barrier and selective vulnerability in experimental thiamine-deficiency encephalopathy in the mouse (1996)
    Springer
    Metabolic brain disease 11 (1996), S. 281-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7365
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02237965
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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