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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis of renal transplant failure by real-time and duplex Doppler sonography (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 531-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renal transplant failure ; B-scan sonography ; Duplex Doppler sonography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total of 419 real-time and duplex Doppler ultrasound examinations of renal allografts were carried out in 61 patients. Results were related to the clinical diagnoses based on histomorphological, clinical, and laboratory findings. The results of all sonographic examinations in terms of the diagnostic parameters of normal function, acute tubular necrosis, and interstitial and vascular rejection did not yield reliable criteria for distinguishing between the different forms of transplant dysfunction. The maximum difference was calculated for each ultrasound parameter between a time of normal transplant function and at a time of dysfunction. By means of this ‘maximum parenchyma-pyelon index difference’ it was possible to discriminate between acute tubular necrosis and vascular rejection (P〈0.05). Acute tubular necrosis could be distinguished from interstitial rejection using the maximum longitudinal renal diameter difference and the maximum parenchyma-pyelon index difference (P〈0.05). To discriminate between interstitial and vascular rejection the maximum pulsatility index difference was very useful (P〈0.05). Combined real-time and duplex Doppler sonography is most valuable in the diagnosis of transplant failure when it is performed not only in the case of dysfunction but also when transplant function appears to be normal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208475
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effector-independent representations of simple and complex imagined finger movements: a combined fMRI and TMS study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Kinesthetic motor imagery and actual execution of movements share a common neural circuitry. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used in 12 right-handed volunteers to study brain activity during motor imagery and execution of simple and complex unimanual finger movements of the dominant and the nondominant hand. In the simple task, a flexible object was rhythmically compressed between thumb, index and middle finger. The complex task was a sequential finger-to-thumb opposition movement. Premotor, posterior parietal and cerebellar regions were significantly more active during motor imagery of complex movements than during mental rehearsal of the simple task. In 10 of the subjects, we also used transcranial magnetic brain stimulation to examine corticospinal excitability during the same motor imagery tasks. Motor-evoked potentials increased significantly over values obtained in a reference condition (visual imagery) during imagery of the complex, but not of the simple movement. Imagery of finger movements of either hand activated left dorsal and ventral premotor areas and the supplementary motor cortex regardless of task complexity. The effector-independent activation of left premotor areas was particularly evident in the simple motor imagery task and suggests a left hemispherical dominance for kinesthetic movement representations in right-handed subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2003.03066.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroradiologische Diagnostik beim akuten arteriellen Hirninfarkt Momentaner Stellenwert neuer Verfahren (1998)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 69 (1998), S. 465-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hirninfarkt ; Neuroradiologie ; Computertomographie ; MRT ; Key words Brain infarct ; Neuroradiology ; Computertomography ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary At least three questions has to be answered by imaging methods, when new therapies in acute ischemic stroke should be used: 1. Is there a cerebral ischemia? 2. What is the size of the irreversibel damaged tissue and what is the size of the safeable tissue? Is there still a vessel occlusion? New MRI-techniques including MR-angiography, diffusion-weighted imaging and perfusion-MRI, have the potential to de-scribe the status of the brain in detail and to answer these questions. However, the value of these techniques for therapeutical deci-sions (thrombolysis) is unclear and has to be evaluated in clinical studies. Therefore in clinical routine these decisions should still be based on informations from CT and perhaps CT-angiography.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Um neue Therapien beim arteriellen Schlaganfall optimal einsetzen zu können, müssen in der Akutphase mit den bildgebenden Verfahren drei Fragen beantwortet werden: 1. Liegt eine zerebrale Ischämie vor? 2. Wie groß ist das irreversibel geschädigte und das noch rettbaren Hirngewebe? 3. Liegt noch eine Gefäßokklusion vor? Die neuen magnetresonanztomographischen Techniken (MR-Angiographie, diffusionsgewichtete Bildgebung und Perfusions-MRT) liefern in relativ kurzer Untersuchungszeit eine umfassende Beschreibung des aktuellen Infarktstatus und können prinzipiell diese Fragen beantworten. Die therapeutische Wertigkeit dieser Techniken insbesondere als Entscheidungsgrundlage für eine Thrombolysetherapie muß jedoch noch in klinischen Studien untersucht werden. Bis dahin kann für den klinischen Alltag die Computertomographie evtl. mit der ergänzenden CT-Angiographie als die Methode der Wahl angesehen werden, mit der die therapieentscheidende Infarktdiagnostik durchgeführt werden sollte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050299
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perkutane Embolisation mit Spiralen beim blutenden Kollumkarzinom (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 245 (1989), S. 563-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02417430
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endovascular therapy of arteriovenous fistulae with electrolytically detachable coils (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 951-957 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Fistula ; arteriovenous ; Embolisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report our experience in using Guglielmi electrolytically detachable coils (GDC) alone or in combination with other materials in the treatment of intracranial or cervical high-flow fistulae. We treated 14 patients with arteriovenous fistulae on brain-supplying vessels – three involving the external carotid or the vertebral artery, five the cavernous sinus and six the dural sinuses – by endovascular occlusion using electrolytically detachable platinum coils. The fistula was caused by trauma in six cases. In one case Ehlers-Danlos syndrome was the underlying disease, and in the remaining seven cases no aetiology could be found. Fistulae of the external carotid and vertebral arteries and caroticocavernous fistulae were reached via the transarterial route, while in all dural fistulae a combined transarterial-transvenous approach was chosen. All fistulae were treated using electrolytically detachable coils. While small fistulae could be occluded with electrolytically detachable coils alone, large fistulae were treated by using coils to build a stable basket for other types of coil or balloons. In 11 of the 14 patients, endovascular treatment resulted in complete occlusion of the fistula; in the remaining three occlusion was subtotal. Symptoms and signs were completely abolished by this treatment in 12 patients and reduced in 2. On clinical and neuroradiological follow-up (mean 16 months) no reappearance of symptoms was recorded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050875
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bilateral basal ganglion haemorrhage in diabetic ketoacidotic coma: case report (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 670-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Basal ganglia ; Haemorrhage ; Diabetes mellitus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report bilateral oedema and haemorrhagic transformation in the basal ganglia of a 59-year old woman with severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Lack of cerebral vascular autoregulation, followed by blood-brain barrier disruption due to the so-called breakthrough mechanism is presumed to be the cause.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050822
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetisation transfer ratio is low in normal-appearing cerebral white matter in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 42 (2000), S. 174-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Magnetisation transfer ; Normal-pressure hydrocephalus ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We measured the magnetisation transfer ratios (MTR) of normal-appearing rostral (PR) and caudal (PC) periventricular white matter, the genu (CG) and the splenium (CS) of the corpus callosum and the thalamus (TH) in 12 patients with normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and compared them with 16 healthy control subjects. We found a significantly lower MTR in the NPH group than in the normal group for PR, PC, CG, and CS but not for TH. MT measurements give additional information which cannot be gained by conventional MRI, suggesting that NPH is associated with diffuse white matter damage, even in normal-appearing cerebral white matter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050040
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periorbitales Druckgefühl und Stauungspapille (1998)
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 95 (1998), S. 844-845 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003470050364
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CT-Angiographie bei Basilaristhrombose Erste Erfahrungen (1996)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 36 (1996), S. 855-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter CTA ; Basilarisverschluß ; Basilaristhrombose ; Key words Basilar artery ; Occlusion ; Thrombosis ; Diagnosis ; Spiral CT angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background and purpose: Without recanalisation, acute basilar artery (BA) occlusion has a mortality of 90 %, which is reduced to 50 % if recanalisation is achieved. Fast diagnosis of BA occlusion is necessary in order to start thrombolytic therapy without delay. We wanted to assess the role of CT angiography (CTA) in the diagnostic evaluation of suspected acute BA occlusion. Materials and methods: Ten patients with clinically suspected BA occlusion were examined with conventional CT and spiral CT angiography. Spiral scanning extended from the foramen magnum to the tip of the basilar artery. For CTA, 130 ml of nonionic contrast media were injected into an antecubital vein. In four patients, transfemoral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was additionally performed. All but one patient had a follow-up CT examination the next day. Results: CTA demonstrated BA occlusion in six patients and a partially thrombosed megadolichobasilar artery in one patient. In four of the six patients with CT angiographically diagnosed BA occlusion, an additional DSA was performed, which confirmed the CTA findings. In three patients the BA showed normal intravasal contrast, and follow-up CT did not show infarctions in the vertebrobasilar territory. Conclusion: Although the number of cases is still small, CTA seems to be a promising method for the rapid diagnosis of BA occlusion. It may become a valuable tool for therapy decisions in acute BA occlusions.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Letalität nicht rekanalisierter akuter Basilarisverschlüsse liegt bei 90 %. Erfolgt eine Rekanalisation, sinkt die Mortalität auf etwa 50 %. Eine schnelle Diagnostik eines Basilarisverschlusses ist erforderlich, um gegebenenfalls eine thrombolytische Therapie zu beginnen. Wir berichten über erste Erfahrungen mit der CT-Angiographie (CTA) in der Diagnose akuter Basilarisverschlüsse. Bei 10 Patienten mit klinisch begründetem Verdacht auf einen Basilarisverschluß wurde eine CTA des hinteren Hirnkreislaufs durchgeführt, die bei 6 Patienten einen Verschluß der A. basilaris und bei einem Patienten eine teilthrombosierte Megadolicho-Basilaris zeigte. Bei 4 der 6 Patienten mit CT-angiographisch nachgewiesenem Basilarisverschluß wurde eine DSA durchgeführt, die die Diagnose bestätigte. Bei 3 Patienten, bei denen sich die gesamte A. basilaris in der CTA regelrecht kontrastierte, zeigte das Kontroll-CT keine Infarkte. Wenngleich unsere Fallzahlen noch gering sind, scheint die CTA ein vielversprechendes, schnelles Verfahren zur Diagnostik akuter Basilarisverschlüsse zu sein und könnte ein wichtiges Hilfsmittel bei Therapieentscheidungen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050151
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CT-Angiographie bei Dissektionen der A. carotis interna Wertigkeit einer neuen Untersuchungstechnik im Vergleich zur DSA und Dopplersonographie (1996)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 36 (1996), S. 850-854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter CTA ; Spiral-CT ; Dissektion ; ACI ; Key words CT angiography ; Spiral CT ; Dissection ; ICA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: To evaluate the role of CT angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis of dissection of the internal carotid artery (ICA). Methods: In 21 patients who were clinically or sonographically suspected of having a dissection of the ICA, we performed CTA covering the extracranial course of the ICA. Our technique included spiral scanning (Picker PQ 2000), slice thickness 3 mm, index 1.5 mm, pitch factor 1.25, tube voltage 130 kV, amperage 125 mA, i. v. bolus injection of 100 ml nonionic contrast medium, injection rate 4 ml/s and scan delay 15 s. Spiral data were processed using a workstation (Picker Voxel Q) to calculate 3D “angiographic” reconstructions, maximal intensity projections and multiplanar reconstructions. In 20 of the 21 patients transfemoral angiography was performed, and in all patients cw-Doppler ultrasonography of the carotid arteries was performed. Results: Sensitivity of CTA in acute extracranial dissection of the ICA was 100 % (14/14). One patient had a pseudoaneurysm of the ICA, two patients had excessive kinking and one patient showed an atheromatous carotid ulcer. DSA could confirm this in all cases. One intracranial ICA dissection, not covered by the scan field, was missed by CTA. CTA source images demonstrated mural thickening and eccentric luminal narrowing in cases of dissection. 3D reconstructions showed tapering of the ICA. Conclusion: CTA is a reliable tool in the diagnosis of ICA dissection. Further studies comparing CTA, MRI and duplex ultrasound are necessary.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, den Stellenwert der CT-Angiographie (CTA) bei der Diagnose von Dissektionen der A. carotis interna (ACI) zu ermitteln. Die Befunde der CTA wurden mit Ergebnissen der digitalen Subtraktionsangiographie (DSA) und der cw-Dopplersonographie (cw-DS) verglichen. Wir untersuchten 21 Patienten mit klinischem oder dopplersonographischem Verdacht auf eine ACI-Dissektion. Bei akuter extrakranieller ACI-Dissektion war die Sensitivität der CTA 100 % (14/14). Eine intrakranielle ACI-Dissektion wurde durch die CTA nicht erfaßt, da sie außerhalb des Scanbereichs lag. Die in der cw-DS unspezifischen pathologischen Befunde konnten mit der CTA geklärt werden. Häufigster Befund in der CTA war eine exzentrische Lumeneinengung und Wandverdickung sowie eine spitzauslaufende Verschmächtigung (sog. tapering) in der dreidimensionalen (3D-) Rekonstruktion. Die CTA ist bei akuter extrakranieller Karotisdissektion eine verläßliche und wenig invasive Untersuchungsmethode. Vergleichende Studien mit CTA, Duplexsonographie und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) sollten noch durchgeführt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050150
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