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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of monoaminergic receptors in the genetically epilepsy prone rat (1984)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 70-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The intensity of sound-induced convulsions in the genetically epilepsy-prone rat (GEPR) was reduced in a dose related fashion by intracerebroventricular administration of dobutamine, (β1 agonist), terbutaline (β2 agonist) or phenylephrine (α1 agonist). BHT-920 (α2 agonist) did not cause a dose-related decrease in sound-induced convulsion intensity. Binding studies showed that whole brain α and β receptor densities (Bmax) were normal while the Kd was increased for the β ligand in GEPR brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959107
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absence of an effect of aspartame on seizures induced by electroshock in epileptic and non-epileptic rats (1992)
    Springer
    Amino acids 3 (1992), S. 155-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Genetically Epilepsy-prone rat: GEPR ; Aspartame ; Phenylalanine ; Tyrosine ; Tryptophan ; Electroshock seizures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seizure facilitation has been proposed as a possible adverse effect of dietary consumption of aspartame. The conversion of this sweetener to phenylalanine and aspartate in the gastrointestinal tract, and subsequent absorption, elevates plasma levels of these two amino acids. Absorbed phenylalanine competes with other large neutral amino acids, including tyrosine and tryptophan, for transport into brain. Theoretically, this competition might reduce brain tyrosine and tryptophan which could decrease synthesis of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. Diminished synaptic release of these monoaminergic neurotransmitters facilitates seizures in many seizure models. Our present study evaluates effects of oral aspartame on amino acids and electroshock seizures in normal and seizure predisposed rats. Heroic doses of aspartame produced predićtable changes in plasma amino acids. However, none of the aspartame doses altered seizure indices. We conclude that aspartame does not alter maximal electroshock seizures in normal rats or in rats predisposed to seizures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00806781
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aspartame and seizures (1993)
    Springer
    Amino acids 4 (1993), S. 197-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Seizures ; Genetic epilepsy ; Aspartame ; Phenylalanine ; Neurotransmitters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It has been hypothesized that the dietary sweetener aspartame (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester) might promote seizures and this hypothesis has been argued in the published literature. The current manuscript reviews the biochemical, neurochemical and behavioral experiments that have been carried out in order to assess the hypothesis linking aspartame with seizure promotion. We conclude that convulsive seizures are not caused by orally administered aspartame in rodents or in primates, including humans. Early reports of seizure facilitation by aspartame in several rodent models were not confirmed by later and more careful experimentation. Proconvulsive effects were absent in humans and other mammals with epilepsy and those without epilepsy. Lack of convulsive liability was evident, even when doses many fold higher than those consumed in the human diet, were used in experimental paradigms. Studies of aspartame in absence seizures are not as complete as those in convulsive seizures, but available evidence in humans does not document an association between absence seizure incidence and aspartame usage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00805824
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Genetically Epilepsy-Prone Rat (GEPR) (1995)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 16 (1995), S. 91-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: GEPR ; Genetically Epilepsy-Prone Rats ; seizures ; epilepsy ; forebrain seizure ; brainstem seizure ; electroencephalography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Due ceppi indipendenti di ratti geneticamente suscettibili ad epilessia (GEPRs) sono stati ottenuti mediante reincroci. GEPR-3s e GEPR-9s differiscono per il grado di predisposizione alle crisi della loro espressione rispettivamente moderato e importante. La predisposizione alle crisi stabilisce una distinzione fondamentale tra cervello normale ed epilettico. Sia nei GEPRs che nell'uomo la predisposizione alle crisi riguarda sia le crisi spontanee sia il grado di responsività o la soglia di risposta a stimoli che possono causare crisi anche in soggetti non epilettici. L'attivazione di circuiti epilettogeni del tronco da parte dell'input uditivo, attraverso il collicolo inferiore, provoca nei GEPR-9s risposte elettrografiche e comportamentali che riproducono le crisi generalizzate tonico-cloniche dell'uomo. L'attivazione dei circuiti epilettogeni del tronco da parte di circuiti epilettogeni proencefalici nei GEPRs rappresenta un modello recentemente individuato di crisi parziali complesse con generalizzazione secondaria a crisi tonico-cloniche. Per questi motivi la predisposizione epilettica nei GEPRs rappresenta una opportunità privilegiata per lo studio delle epilessie umane non riscontrabile in studi sul cervello normale esposto a stimoli epilettogeni.
    Notes: Abstract Two independently inbred strains of genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs) have been developed. GEPR-3s and GEPR-9s have moderate and severe degrees of seizure predisposition as well as expression, respectively. Seizure predisposition is a fundamental distinction between the normal and epileptic brain. Seizure predisposition in GEPRs and in humans with epilepsy includes spontaneous seizures and exaggerated seizure responsiveness and/or abnormally low thresholds to stimuli which also cause seizures in non-epileptic subjects. Activation of brainstem seizure circuitry by auditory input via the inferior colliculus causes electrographic and behavioral responses in GEPR-9s which replicates human generalized tonic/clonic seizures. Activation of brainstem seizure circuitry by input from forebrain seizure circuitry in GEPRs provides a newly discovered model of complex partial seizures with secondary generalization to tonic/clonic seizures. Thus, seizure predisposition in GEPRs offers a unique opportunity to study the human epilepsies that is not offered in studies of normal brain exposed to convulsant stimuli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02229080
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of adrenalectomy on sound-induced seizure susceptibility and intensity in genetically susceptible rats (1981)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 37 (1981), S. 737-738 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neither seizure susceptibility nor intensity was altered by sham-operation or by adrenalectomy in adult rats that are genetically susceptible to sound-induced seizures. Thus, sound-induced seizures in genetically susceptible rats are analogous to those in genetically susceptible mice to the extent that removal of the adrenal glands does not alter established seizure characteristics in either species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01967953
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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