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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Islet cell antibodies ; 64 kDa antibodies ; human monoclonal antibodies ; glutamate decarboxylase ; gangliosides ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; islet cell antigens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The first human monoclonal islet cell antibodies of the IgG class (MICA 1-6) obtained from an individual with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus were cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies selected by the indirect immunofluorescence test on pancreas sections. Surprisingly, they all recognized the 64 kDa autoantigen glutamate decarboxylase. In this study we investigated which typical features of cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies are represented by these monoclonals. We show by double immunofluorescence testing that MICA 1-6 stain pancreatic beta cells which is in agreement with the beta-cell specific expression of glutamate decarboxylase. In contrast an islet-reactive IgM monoclonal antibody obtained from a pre-diabetic individual stained all islet cells but lacked the tissue specificity of MICA 1-6 and must therefore be considered as a polyreactive IgM-antibody. We further demonstrate that MICA 1-6 revealed typical features of epitope sensitivity to biochemical treatment of the target tissue which has been demonstrated for islet cell antibodies, and which has been used to argue for a lipid rather than a protein nature of target antigens. Our results provide direct evidence that the epitopes recognized by the MICA are destroyed by methanol/chloroform treatment but reveal a high stability to Pronase digestion compared to proinsulin epitopes. Conformational protein epitopes in glutamate decarboxylase therefore show a sensitivity to biochemical treatment of sections such as ganglioside epitopes. MICA 1-6 share typical features of islet cell and 64 kDa antibodies and reveal that glutamate decarboxylase-reactive islet cell antibodies represent a subgroup of islet cell antibodies present in islet cell antibody-positive sera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 21 (1970), S. 357-365 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Daten der 16 in der Literatur veröffentlichten Fälle von Anti-K2 (Cellano)-Antikörpern wurden tabellarisch erfaßt und diskutiert. Sie stehen in Übereinstimmung mit der Annahme einer Immun-Natur dieses seltenen, aber klinisch wichtigen Antikörpers. 2 inkomplette Anti-K2-Antikörper, die von einem Patienten mit Transfusionszwischenfall und von einem immunisierten Spender stammten, verteilten sich nach DEAE-Zellulose-Chromatographie nicht nur auf die IgG-, sondern auch auf die IgA-Klasse. Ein sekundärer Anti-C-Antikörper in einem dieser Fälle mit gleicher Titerhöhe (1∶512) fand sich nur als IgG. Die verschiedenen Eigenschaften dieses sekundären Antikörpers führten zu der Annahme, daß das Vorkommen eines Antikörpers als IgA neben dem Hauptanteil als IgG bzw. IgM eine verstärkte Immunantwort infolge wiederholter Antigenstimuli und/oder längerer Immunisierungsdauer anzeigt.
    Notes: Summary The data of the 16 cases of anti-K2 (Cellano) antibodies, reported in the literature, were compiled and discussed in greater detail. They are in agreement with the assumption of an immune nature of this rare but clinically important antibody. Two incomplete anti-K2 antibodies, originating from a patient with a transfusion accident, and from an immunized donor, -by means of DEAE cellulose chromatography—were found not only in the IgG but also in the IgA class. An anti-C antibody in one of these cases (same titre value 1∶512) was found only as IgG. The different properties of this antibody lead to the assumption that the occurence of an antibody as IgA besides the main parts as IgG resp. IgM, may indicate an immune response of special strength, due to repeated antigenic stimuli and/or duration of immunization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 48 (1970), S. 752-755 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Human IgG is fractionated on hydroxyapatite columns by stepwise elution into the subfractions IgG I, II and III. These subfractions show distinct blood group antibody activities. The practical importance of these findings is demonstrated using as an example anti-D-preparations, used in the prophylaxis of the Rh-sensitisation of Rh-negative women. Gradient elution of human IgG on hydroxyapatite columns develops a broad molecule spectrum of IgG, representing the strong heterogeneity of IgG. Sections of this IgG spectrum show again distinct blood group antibody activities. These sections can be obtained by stepwise elution. Monoclonal γG paraproteins can not be subfractionated on hydroxy-apatite. They occur as single peaks during chromatography. Because of the distribution of antibody activities to the IgG subfractions on hydroxy-apatite a correlation must be considered between the IgG combining site and the IgG affinity to hydroxy-apatite. According to these findings a new IgG classification is proposed in comparison with the serum lipoproteins as an other heterogeneous serum protein class.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Humanes IgG wird an Hydroxylapatitsäulen durch Stufenelution in die Subfraktionen IgG I, II und III aufgetrennt. Diesen Subfraktionen sind bestimmte Blutgruppen-Antikörper-aktivitäten zugeordnet. Die praktische Bedeutung dieses Befundes wird am Beispiel der Anti-D-Präparationen erläutert, die zur Rh-Sensibilisierungsprophylaxe Rh-negativer Frauen Anwendung finden. Mit der Gradientenchromatographie von Human-IgG an Hydroxylapatit läßt sich eine IgG-Heterogenität demonstrieren, die auf ein Molekülspektrum mit fließenden Übergängen schließen läßt. Ausschnitte aus diesem IgG-Spektrum sind wiederum mit bestimmten Blutgruppen-Antikörperaktivitäten ausgestattet. Derartige Ausschnitte können durch Stufenelution erzielt werden. γG-Paraproteine lassen sich nicht an Hydroxylapatit subfraktionieren. Auf Grund dieser Befunde wird im Vergleich mit den Serumlipoproteinen eine neue IgG-Einteilungsmöglichkeit diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 48 (1970), S. 914-918 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The combinedμ/γ-antigenicity of certain paraproteins with cold autoantibody activity is demonstrated by immunoelectrophoretic examination of sera with paraproteins, an isolated paraprotein and an isolated cold agglutinin. Experiments on sephadex G 200 at 45° C, in 6 M urea and in glycin HCl buffer, pH 3.0, as well as on DEAE-cellulose columns show that theμ/γ-antigen combination is attached to the single paraprotein molecule. It indicates, therefore, a structural anomaly of the H-chain complex of these paraproteins. The combinedμ/γ-antigenicity is differentiated from the molecule complexes of IgG with IgM immunoglobulins which could also be the cause of cold agglutination resp. cryo(gel) globulinemia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die kombinierteμ/γ-Antigenität bestimmter Paraproteine mit Kälteautoantikörperaktivität wird in Immunelektrophoreseuntersuchungen paraproteinhaltiger Seren sowie eines isolierten Paraproteins und Kälteagglutinins demonstriert. In Versuchen an Sephadex G 200 bei 45° C, in 6 M Harnstoff und in Glycin-HCl-Puffer, pH 3.0, sowie an DEAE-Cellulose-Säulen wird gezeigt, daß dieμ/γ-Antigenkombination auf den einzelnen Paraproteinmolekülen verankert ist. Sie zeigt damit eine Aufbauanomalie des H-Kettenkomplexes dieser Paraproteine an. Die kombinierteμ/γ-Antigenität auf den Paraprotein-Einzelmolekülen wird von IgM- und IgG-Molekülkomplexen abgegrenzt, die Ursache von Kälteagglutination bzw.Kryopräcipitation sein können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 27 (1970), S. 211-213 
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 115 (1978), S. 151-158 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 60 (1973), S. 54-54 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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