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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ambient ozone exposure is associated with eosinophil activation in healthy children (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Eosinophil activation is characteristic for allergic airways disease. However, eosinophilic airways inflammation has also been observed subsequent to ambient ozone exposure.Methods For a population sample of 877 children living at nine sites with different ozone exposure we measured urinary eosinophil protein X (U-EPX) as a marker of eosinophil activation. U-EPX was determined from a single spot urine sample during autumn 1997. Children were participants in a longitudinal study of ozone effects on lung function.Results The 5–95% percentiles of ozone exposure (30-day mean before test) were 11.8–51.5 p.p.b. (mean: 31.6 ppb). U-EPX was measured by radioimmunoassay and expressed as ratio to urinary creatinine (µg EPX/mmol creatinine). Log transformation was performed to achieve a normal distribution. LogU-EPX was associated with gender, a diagnosis of asthma and atopy (skin test sensitivity to any of seven aeroallergens). LogU-EPX increased with ozone exposure for all children. The medians of LogU-EPX according to the first–fourth quartiles of ozone exposure were: 1.82, 1.88, 1.95 and 2.03. For 172 non-asthmatic children who had spent the whole summer at their site corresponding figures were 1.57, 1.78, 2.07 and 2.13. In a multivariate model with logU-EPX being the dependent variable and adjusted for gender, site and atopy, ozone was found to be significant (estimate: 0.007 µg/mmol creatinine per ppb ozone; SE:0.02; P 〈 0.001).Conclusion Our observation supports the hypothesis that ozone in healthy children is associated with eosinophil inflammation, most likely in the airways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01155.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum eosinophil cationic protein, eosinophil protein X and eosinophil peroxidase in relation to pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis (1998)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 28 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recently, increased serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in cystic fibrosis (CF) have been reported which were closely related to the levels in sputum. In the present study we investigated other eosinophil proteins such as eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) in sera of patients with CF and their relation to pulmonary function.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsSerum samples from 42 patients with CF and from 25 healthy control subjects were measured for ECP, EPO and EPX. Lung function tests were performed by using whole body plethysmographic technique, and the results were correlated with the levels of eosinophil granule proteins.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsSerum ECP (median: 20.9 μg/L), EPO (median: 30.3 μg/L) and EPX (median: 37.9 μg/L) levels were significantly increased in CF compared with healthy controls (3.5 μg/L, P 〈 0.0001, 5.6 μg/L, P 〈 0.0001 and 14.6 μg/L, P 〈 0.0001, respectively) whereas eosinophil counts were not different. There was a strong correlation between the levels of eosinophil proteins and variables of pulmonary function, like between ECP and forced vital capacity (r = − 0.764, P 〈 0.0001). In addition, ECP concentrations were significantly related to the levels of EPO and EPX, albeit, in some patients with low ECP levels, increased EPO and EPX concentrations were observed.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionThese results indicate that in patients with CF, ECP, EPO and EPX concentrations also were increased with a significant relationship between these three eosinophil proteins. Since eosinophil activity in patients with CF is strongly correlated with pulmonary function, the assessment of eosinophil granule proteins might be useful for clinical monitoring in CF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.1998.00216.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship of eosinophil granule proteins to ions in the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 30 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Increased sputum levels of eosinophil granule proteins have been reported despite normal eosinophil numbers in peripheral blood and in the lung in cystic fibrosis (CF). Mechanisms of eosinophil priming and activation are still unclear in CF.In the present study we investigated whether ion concentrations in the sputa of CF patients are related to eosinophil activity.We assessed concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil protein X (EPX), major basic protein (MBP) and ions (Na+, Cl−, Ca2+, Mg2+) in sputum samples of 29 children with CF as well as in 10 controls with bronchial asthma.Patients with CF demonstrated significantly higher levels of ECP, Na+, Cl− and Ca2+ levels than asthmatics (P 〈 0.04, P 〈 0.0001, P 〈 0.0001, P 〈 0.02). No differences were seen between concentrations of EPX and Mg2+ in the two groups. In CF, eosinophil granule proteins correlated significantly with Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations (ECP, P 〈 0.0001, r = 0.65, P 〈 0.0001, r = 0.66; MBP, P 〈 0.03, r = 0.41, P 〈 0.03, r = 0.42), furthermore inversely with Cl− concentrations (ECP, P 〈 0.0003, r = − 0.63; EPX, P 〈 0.02, r = − 0.45; MBP, P 〈 0.03, r = − 0.41) but not with Na+ levels. ECP, Na+ and Cl− were also correlated with lung function variables (FVC, P 〈 0.04, r = − 0.38, P 〈 0.02, r = 0.44, P 〈 0.03, r = 0.41; FEV1, P 〈 0.007, r = − 0.49, P 〈 0.006, r = 0.5, P 〈 0.008, r = 0.48; MEF50, P 〈 0.003, r = − 0.54, NS, P 〈 0.03, r = 0.42; MEF25, P 〈 0.039, r = − 0.4, P 〈 0.005, r = 0.51, P 〈 0.05, r = 0.37).Our results demonstrated a significant relationship of eosinophil degranulation and ions in CF, indicating that ion composition in CF sputa may be at least partly be responsible for high levels of eosinophil products despite low eosinophil numbers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00988.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo histamine release during the first minutes after deliberate sting challenges correlates with the severity of allergic symptoms (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Pediatric allergy and immunology 10 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3038
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study, deliberate sting challenge was investigated as a method for estimating the severity of anaphylactic reactions in bee venom-sensitized subjects. Twenty-one patients with previous anaphylactic reactions to field bee sting were subjected to a deliberate sting challenge (n = 32). To document anaphylactic reactions, plasma histamine levels were measured before, and then 1 and 2 min after, bee sting challenge. Eleven patients were re-challenged after 3–5 weeks. On 18 occasions, sting challenges caused no systemic reactions, in seven cases reactions were mild, in five moderate and in two severe. In all children showing systemic reactions, significant increases of plasma histamine were measured after 2 min. The results correlated significantly with clinical scores but not with skin prick test or with specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against bee venom. In patients developing local reactions only, no increase of plasma histamine was detected. The relative amount of released histamine correlated significantly with the severity of clinical symptoms. Significant histamine release occured during the first 2 min after sting challenge in children with subsequent systemic reactions and the severity of these subsequent anaphylactic reactions correlated with plasma histamine concentrations. The measurement of plasma histamine levels in the first minutes after challenge test may therefore be used as an objective marker of a potential systemic reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3038.1999.101012.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the histamine control on skin reactivity in skin testing (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 47 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb02251.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary eosinophil protein X in children: the relationship toasthma and atopy and normal values (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: In epidemiologic studies, it may be difficult to identify children with bronchial asthma. Since this is the most common chronic respiratory disease in childhood, and its prevalence is still increasing, reliable methods for identification of asthmatic children are required. This study evaluates the use of urinary eosinophil protein X (U-EPX) in epidemiologic studies in identifying atopic and asthmatic children. Methods: U-EPX was measured in 877 Austrian schoolchildren. The skin prick test (SPT) was performed with eight common aeroallergens, and established questionnaires were used to assess respiratory symptoms. Results: Of our cohort, 2.8% reported physician-diagnosed asthma, 5.1% reported wheezing within the last 12 months, and 24.1% were found to be atopic. In children with physician-diagnosed asthma, as well as in atopic children (positive SPT), median U-EPX levels were significantly higher than in healthy subjects (142.8 and 89.6 vs 63.9 µg/mmol creatinine, P〈0.0001 and P〈0.0001, respectively). In addition, perennial sensitization to inhalant allergens resulted in higher U-EPX levels than did seasonal sensitization. The odds ratio for U-EPX levels over the 90th percentile was significantly elevated for asthma, for wheezing, for nocturnal cough, and for breathlessness at exercise, as well as for seasonal and perennial sensitization. Pulmonary function was negatively relatedto U-EPX levels. Conclusions: Measurement of U-EPX, which can be obtained easily, may be helpful in diagnosing both asthma and atopy in children. However, there is a great overlap between controls and symptomatics, a fact which reduces the sensitivity of U-EPX in determination of the prevalence of asthma in epidemiologic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00528.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inaccurate assessment of diamine oxidase activity in platelet-rich plasma (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00605.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary eosinophil protein X in relation to disease activity in childhood asthma (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lugosi E, Halmerbauer G, Frischer T, Koller DY. Urinary eosinophil protein X in relation to disease activity in childhood asthma.The clinical use of urinary eosinophil protein X ‘U-EPX’ measurements in monitoring inflammation in childhood asthma was investigated. U-EPX and pulmonary function were assessed in 80 children with bronchial asthma and 24 healthy, age-matched controls. In addition, 14 patients with asthma were re-examined after 1–2 months. U-EPX levels were increased in children with asthma compared with controls ‘median 68.4 vs 35.3 μg/mmol creatinine; P 〈 0·0001’. In addition, U-EPX levels were higher in symptomatic than in asymptomatic patients ‘median 123.5 vs 48·9 μg/mmol creatinine; P 〈 0·0001’ independent of treatment modalities ‘i.e., inhaled steroids or disodium cromoglycate’ or atopy ‘median 65.1 vs 86·0 μg/mmol creatinine’. Furthermore, U-EPX levels were significantly correlated with pulmonary function. During the follow-up period, changes in U-EPX values were significantly related to changes in pulmonary function. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that eosinophil activation can be measured in urine in childhood asthma. Concentrations of U-EPX are related to disease activity and pulmonary function, as shown in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, but are independent of atopy and treatment modalities. Measurement of U-EPX may be useful in assessing the inflammatory process and therefore in the management of childhood asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02605.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pediatric allergology in Austria (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00349.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-reactivity with Tagetes in Arnica contact eczema (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 26 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 69-year-old patient, with known mercury and adhesive plaster allergy, developed facial dermatitis within 24 h of contact with arnica (Arnica). Skin testing showed positive reactions to arnica and, among various other plants of the Compositae, also to Tagetes sp. hybr. (marigold). Cross-reactivity between Tagetes and arnica has not previously been described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00231.x
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