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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. S256 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MRI ; MR imagers ; Costs ; Cost containment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The total number of MR units available in Japan relative to the population is the highest in the world. The total number of MR units installed in 1996 was 2,663, equivalent to 24 per million population. The average charge per procedure in Japan is only one fifth of that in the United States (USA), approximately US$200 and US$950, respectively, suggesting that economic considerations in Japan may not take the highest priority. Despite the low costs, the utilisation (the number of patients examined each year or per week) of MR units in Japan is only about half that in the USA. As such, an increase in the number of MR units per se does not result in excessive health care costs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. S362 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Intravascular ultrasonography ; Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ; Internal carotid artery ; Subclavian artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the intravascular ultrasonographic appearances of three supra-aortic atherosclerotic lesions in two patients before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Atherosclerotic plaques with calcification and dissection of the arterial wall after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty were demonstrated to better advantage, although they were difficult to see on conventional angiograms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Neuroangiographic unit ; Interventional procedures ; Stereoscopic angiography ; Magnification angiography ; Angiography instrumentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new neuroangiographic unit was developed with a ceiling-suspended gantry, capable of rotation (110°) and craniocaudal angulation (±45°) along the body axis. The gantry could also be rotated 225° at the ceiling suspension axis and sidetracked away from the angiographic table in case of emergency. Two sets of a twin-focus X-ray tube and a 12-inch image intensifier (II) were mounted on the gantry in the isocentric and cross-firing positions. High resolution 1024×1024 matrix digital radiography was obtained with a speed of 30 frames/s, while conventional film-screen radiography was obtained at 4 films/s. Rapid film changers were installed and interchangeable with the Hs. The lateral II and X-ray tube could be positioned from either side of the patient. There was no angulated position of the lateral imaging system during angulated anteroposterior or Towne projection of the frontal imaging system. Automatic repositioning of the gantry was possible to the preset position. Stereoscopic, magnification and stereoscopic magnification radiography could be obtained easily in monoplane or biplane mode. Switching from fluoroscopy to radiography and vice versa was possible rapidly and easily. Neuroangiographic as well as interventional procedures were performed expeditiously with lower complication rates. Suspending the gantry from the ceiling made more space available on the floor for the anesthesiologists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Intravascular ultrasonography ; Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ; Internal carotid artery ; Subclavian artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the intravascular ultrasonographic appearances of three supra-aortic atherosclerotic lesions in two patients before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Atherosclerotic plaques with calcification and dissection of the arterial wall after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty were demonstrated to better advantage, although they were difficult to see on conventional angiograms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain neoplasms ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neuroma ; Meningioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic MRI was performed on 22 patients with extra-axial intracranial tumours. Serial images were obtained every 30 s for 3 min using a spin-echo sequence (TR 200, TE 15 ms) after rapid injection of Gd-DTPA, 0.1 mmol/kg body weight. The contrast medium enhancement ratio (CER) was correlated with the histology of the tumours. Meningiomas and extra-axial metastases showed a sharp rise, then a gradual decline. Although both had a definite early peak of CER, metastases showed a more rapid decline. Neuromas and extra-axial lymphoma showed a slow, steady increase with no peak within 180 s. This study indicates that the CER is helpful in the differentiation of extra-axial tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Child's brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Myelination ; Brain development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to study the magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity of the perirolandic gyri perinatally and to correlate it with the histological findings in formalin-fixed brains, focusing on myelination. MRI of 20 neurologically normal neonates and infants, of 37–64 weeks postconception (PCA), were studied retrospectively. We reviewed four formalin-fixed brains of infants 37–46 weeks PCA microscopically. The posterior cortex of the precentral gyrus (P-PRE) and the anterior cortex of the postcentral gyrus (A-PST) had different signal intensity from the adjacent surrounding cortex. On T 1-weighted images P-PRE and A-PST gave higher signal 41–44 weeks PCA; on T 2-weighted images, they gave lower signal 37–51 weeks PCA. Histological examination revealed very little myelination of the nerve fibres within both the P-PRE and the A-PST, while considerable myelination was present in the internal capsule and central corona radiata. The changes in signal intensity in the perirolandic gyri may reflect not only the degree of myelination but also the more advanced development of the nerve cells, associated with rapid proliferation and formation of oligodendroglial cells, synapses and dendrites. They could be another important landmark for brain maturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Child's brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Myelination ; Brain development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to study the magnetic resonance (MR) signal intensity of the perirolandic gyri perinatally and to correlate it with the histological findings in formalinfixed brains, focusing on myelination. MRI of 20 neurologically normal neonates and infants, of 37–64 weeks postconception (PCA), were studied retrospectively. We reviewed four formalin-fixed brains of infants 37–46 weeks PCA microscopically. The posterior cortex of the precentral gyrus (P-PRE) and the anterior cortex of the postcentral gyrus (A-PST) had different signal intensity from the adjacent surrounding cortex. On T1-weighted images P-PRE and A-PST gave higher signal 41–44 weeks PCA; on T2-weighted images, they gave lower signal 37–51 weeks PCA. Histological examination revealed very little myelination of the nerve fibres within both the P-PRE and the A-PST, while considerable myelination was present in the internal capsule and central corona radiata. The changes in signal intensity in the perirolandic gyri may reflect not only the degree of myelination but also the more advanced development of the nerve cells, associated with rapid proliferation and formation of oligodendroglial cells, synapses and dendrites. They could be another important landmark for brain maturation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain neoplasms ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neuroma ; Meningioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic MRI was performed on 22 patients with extra-axial intracranial tumours. Serial images were obtained every 30 s for 3 min using a spin-echo sequence (TR 200, TE 15 ms) after rapid injection of Gd-DTPA, 0.1 mmol/kg body weight. The contrast medium enhancement ratio (CER) was correlated with the histology of the tumours. Meningiomas and extra-axial metastases showed a sharp rise, then a gradual decline. Although both had a definite early peak of CER, metastases showed a more rapid decline. Neuromas and extra-axial lymphoma showed a slow, steady increase with no peak within 180 s. This study indicates that the CER is helpful in the differentiation of extra-axial tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Meningioma ; Schwannoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied 23 patients with meningiomas and 14 with schwannomas using dynamic spin-echo (TR/TE 200/15 ms) MRI. Histologically the meningiomas were classified according to the 1993 WHO classification. Serial images were obtained every 30 s for 210 s after rapid injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine (0.1 mmol/kg). The contrast-enhancement ratio (CER) was divided into three patterns; a sharp rise with a peak within 60 s (A), a relatively rapid increase with a peak between 60 and 210 s (B), a slow increase without a peak (C). The patterns were correlated with the histology of the tumors. The signal intensities of the tumours on T2-weighted images were also analyzed and correlated with the dynamic patterns. Meningiomas had more varied dynamic patterns than schwannomas. Almost half of the meningiomas showed pattern A, and one third pattern C. Of six meningothelial meningiomas showed pattern A; all schwannomas and fibrous meningiomas showed pattern C. Various patterns were observed in transitional meningiomas. Of the 8 meningiomas showing pattern C, only one gave high signal on T2-weighted images, and could not be differentiated from the schwannomas. Thus, one third of meningiomas could not be differentiated from schwannomas by the dynamic contrast enhancement alone. However, when this was combined with the signal intensity on T2-weighted images, most meningiomas could be differentiated from schwannomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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