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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the in vitro binding of D-penicillamine to cholestyramine (1982)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 38 (1982), S. 482-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adsorption of D-penicillamine to cholestyramine depends on the amount of the resin, the pH and the presence of other compounds such as bile salts. In the usual drug to resin ratio (150 mg D-penicillamine and 4–8 g cholestyramine per single dose) the percentage of D-penicillamine adsorbed to cholestyramine was about 10% of the applied dose; Bile salts (10 mmoles/1) inhibited this small adsorption by 87%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01952651
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipoid-A-Antikörpertiter bei Morbus Crohn (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 54 (1976), S. 1055-1056 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Regional enteritis ; Ulcerative colitis ; Endotoxins ; Escherichia coli ; Enterocolitis Crohn ; Colitis ulcerosa ; Endotoxine ; Escherichia coli
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 18 Patienten mit Morbus Crohn, 28 Patienten mit Colitis ulcerosa, 24 Patienten mit akuter Enteritis und bei 69 Kontrollpersonen wurden die Lipoid-A-Antikörpertiter und die 0-Antikörpertiter gegen E. coli-Mischantigen bestimmt. Die Patienten mit Morbus Crohn zeigten gegenüber jeder der anderen drei untersuchten Gruppen eine statistisch signifikante Erhöhung der Lipoid-A-Antikörpertiter und der Colititer. Die Ergebnisse sprechen für eine Beteiligung von Bakterien am Krankheitsgeschehen der Enterocolitis Crohn. Die Bestimmung der Lipoid-A-Antikörpertiter dürfte für die Differentialdiagnose zwischen Morbus Crohn und Colitis ulcerosa verwertbar sein.
    Notes: Summary Lipid A antibody titers and O antibody titers against E. coli were determined in 18 patients with Crohn's disease, 28 patients with ulcerative colitis, 24 patients with acute enteritis and in 68 healthy adults. The patients with Crohn's diesase showed a statistically significant elevation of the lipid A antibody titers and of the 0 antibody titers against E. coli compared with each of the three other groups investigated. The results could be indicative of bacterial involvement in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. The determination of lipid A antibody titers may be useful for the differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01469251
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human colonic (Na++K+)-ATPase and specific ouabain binding are not influenced by lipoxygenase products or superoxide radicals (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 599-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Colonic (Na++K+)-ATPase ; Specific ouabain binding ; Lipoxygenase pathway products ; Superoxide radicals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of lipoxygenase products (5-, 12-, 15-HETE, LTB4) and superoxide radicals on human colonic (Na++K+)-ATPase and specific ouabain binding were measured. No significant inhibition in concentrations up to 3 × 10−5 M was observed. The results are discussed with regard to a possible role of lipoxygenase products and radicals in the pathogenesis of water and electrolyte disturbances in various diarrheal states including inflammatory bowel disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720836
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative pharmacokinetics of sulphasalazine and sulphapyridine after rectal and oral administration to patients with ulcerative colitis (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 275-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: sulphapyridine ; sulphasalazine ; pharmacokinetics ; rectal administration ; oral administration ; plasma levels ; ulcerative colitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rectal administration of sulphasalazine to patients with ulcerative colitis has recently been shown to have similar therapeutic activity but fewer side effects than oral treatment. The present study is a comparison of the pharmacokinetics of sulphasalazine (SASP) and its metabolite sulphapyridine (SP) after rectal and oral administration of SASP to 6 patients with ulcerative colitis. The areas under the concentration-time curves (AUC) and the maximum concentrations (Cmax) of SASP and SP were significantly lower after rectal than oral administration of SASP (p〈0.05). These findings support the view that the lower frequency of side effects after rectal administration of SASP may result from the lower plasma levels of SASP and SP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00630300
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of increased bile acid excretion by determination of bile acid content in single stool samples
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 140 (1984), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Keywords: Bile acids ; Crohn's disease ; Enzymatic determination ; Excretion (24-h) ; Feces
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0009-8981(84)90154-2
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cisapride increases gallbladder volume in gallstone patients before and after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 7 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have previously shown that oral cisapride causes a dose-related increase of fasting gallbladder volume in healthy subjects. The present study investigates the effect of cisapride on gallbladder motility in 16 patients with gallbladder stones: 8 patients had no biliary symptoms, but the other 8 patients with symptomatic gallstone disease were studied before and 6 weeks after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). For each study the patients received a single oral dose of 20 mg cisapride; fasting gallbladder volume was measured by ultrasound before, and for 120 minutes after, drug administration. In the 8 asymptomatic patients a mean maximal increase of the fasting volume to 152.7 ± 7.6% of the initial value was observed at a mean 97.5 ± 8.3 minutes after cisapride ingestion. Similarly, in the 8 patients with biliary pain mean fasting volume after cisapride ingestion increased to 141.3 ± 5.7% before ESWL treatment and to 145.0 ± 5.8% after ESWL and 6 weeks of oral litholytic therapy. There were no significant differences between the results in the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Our results indicate that cisapride increases the gallbladder volume in gallstone patients regardless of biliary symptoms. Similar volume changes were observed before therapy and after ESWL with bile acid therapy. The therapeutic efficacy of litholytic agents could be diminished by simultaneous cisapride administration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1993.tb00142.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-blind comparison of an oral Escherichia coli preparation and mesalazine in maintaining remission of ulcerative colitis (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aminosalicylates are used as standard treatment for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. As yet, there is no other existing alternative with proven efficacy. In light of the hypothesis that the intestinal environment may contribute to the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis, a trial was conducted to test the effects of probiotic treatment with an oral preparation of non-pathogenic E. coli.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsA total of 120 patients with inactive ulcerative colitis were included in a double-blind, double-dummy study comparing mesalazine 500 mg t.d.s. to an oral preparation of viable E. coli strain Nissle (Serotype 06: K5: H1) for 12 weeks with regard to their efficacy in preventing a relapse of the disease. Study objectives were to assess the equivalence of the clinical activity index (CAI) under the two treatment modalities and to compare relapse rates, relapse-free times and global assessment.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsThe start and end scores of the CAI demonstrated no significant difference (P=0.12) between the two treatment groups. Relapse rates were 11.3% under mesalazine and 16.0% under E. coli Nissle 1917 (N.S.). Life table analysis showed a relapse-free time of 103±4 days for mesalazine and 106±5 days for E. coli Nissle 1917 (N.S.). Global assessment was similar for both groups. Tolerability to the treatment was excellent and did not differ. No serious adverse events were reported.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsFrom the results of this preliminary study, probiotic treatment appears to offer another option for maintenance therapy of ulcerative colitis. Additional support is provided for the hypothesis of a pathophysiological role for the intestinal environment in ulcerative colitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.00225.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibiotics and probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Treatment with antibiotics in inflammatory bowel disease has a long tradition and is widely used. The indications for antibiotic therapy are wide ranging, from specific situations such as abscesses or fistulae, to patients with severe disease (as an unspecific ‘protective’ measure), and to address the hypothesis that the enteric flora as a whole, or specific microorganisms such as mycobacteria, are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The best-studied single antibiotic compound is metronidazole. However, overall, the scientific basis for the use of antibiotics is limited, which may reflect a lack of interest from sponsors within the pharmaceutical industry. Despite this weak evidence base, antibiotics are a globally established therapeutic tool in inflammatory bowel disease. Growing evidence from human and animal studies points towards a pivotal pathogenetic role of intestinal bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease. In view of these experimental findings, clinical trials have been undertaken to elucidate the therapeutic effects of probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease. Probiotics are viable nonpathogenic microorganisms which confer health benefits to the host by improving the microbial balance of the indigenous microflora. So far, of the many candidates, one specific strain (Escherichia coli Nissle 1917) and a mixture of eight different bacteria have demonstrated convincing therapeutic efficacy in controlled studies. Maintenance therapy in ulcerative colitis and prevention therapy, as well as the treatment of pouchitis, have emerged as areas in which probiotic therapy offers a valid therapeutic alternative to current treatments. Further investigations may detect additional clinically effective probiotics and other clinical indications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02051.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease similar to that of juvenile recurrent pyelonephritis? (1976)
    Springer
    Infection 4 (1976), S. 110-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 18 patients with Crohn's disease, 28 patients with ulcerative colitis, 24 patients with acute enteritis and in 68 healthy adults lipid A antibody titers were determined by the passive hemolysis test. In addition, 0 antibody titers to polyvalent E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Ps. aeruginosa antigens were measured by indirect hemagglutination. The patients with Crohn's disease showed a statistically significant elevation of the lipid A antibody titers compared with each of the three other groups investigated. The 0 antibody titers for the four polyvalent antigens were also higher in the patients with Crohn's disease than in the other groups. The results indicate that Enterobacteriaceae are involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. Thus long-term treatment with wide spectrum antibiotics seems to be justified. The determination of lipid A antibody titers may be a usefal diagnostic tool in differentiating between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 18 Patienten mit Morbus Crohn, 28 Patienten mit Colitis ulcerosa, 24 Patienten mit akuter Enteritis und bei 68 gesunden Kontrollpersonen wurde das Auftreten von Lipoid-A-Antikörpern mit dem passiven Hämolysetest untersucht. Parallel dazu wurden die O-Antikörpertiter gegen polyvalentes E. coli-, Klebsiella-, Proteus- und Ps. aeruginosa-Antigen mit der indirekten Hämagglutinationsmethode bestimmt. Die Patienten mit Morbus Crohn zeigten im Gegensatz zu jeder der drei anderen untersuchten Gruppen eine statistisch signifikante Erhöhung der Lipoid-A-Antikörpertiter. Auch die O-Antikörper gegen die vier polyvalenten Antigene waren bei den Patienten mit Morbus Crohn höher als in allen anderen Gruppen. Die Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, daß Enterobakterien am Krankheitsgeschehen der Enterocolitis Crohn beteiligt sind. Die Langzeittherapie mit Breitbandantibiotika erscheint somit berechtigt. Die Bestimmung der Lipoid-A-Antikörpertiter dürfte für die Differentialdiagnose zwischen Morbus Crohn und Colitis ulcerosa verwertbar sein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01638727
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapy of prednisone-refractory collagenous colitis with budesonide (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 14 (1999), S. 58-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Key words Prednisone ; Collagenous ; Colitis ; CIR ; Budesonide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Collagenous colitis is a rare cause of chronic watery diarrhea. No effective standard treatment has yet been established. Based upon anecdotal reports some anti-inflammatory and symptomatic drugs seem to have some therapeutic efficacy. Prednisone is widely believed to be the most effective treatment. Here we describe three female patients with histologically confirmed collagenous colitis refractory to therapy with prednisone. Each had received prednisone with a high starting bolus and lower dose maintenance therapy for their disease. However, definite clinical remission could not be achieved. After the administration of 3×3 mg/day controlled ileal release (CIR) capsules of budesonide the symptoms resolved immediately. The mean follow-up after beginning budesonide was 11 months (range 7–18). Two patients are still on budesonide. One had had a quick relapse of diarrhea after stopping her treatment. Budesonide therapy was therefore resumed. She has remained symptom-free on a lower daily dose of 2×3 mg/day budesonide. One patient has been in remission for more than 1 year after a 3-month course of budesonide. Budesonide is a topically acting steroid with rapid absorption, high receptor affinity, and low systemic bioavailability, thus causing almost no side effects. As yet only few case reports have been published on the use of budesonide for collagenous colitis. We present here the first three cases of prednisone refractory collagenous colitis successfully treated with budesonide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050184
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