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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 1542-1547 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using an Al/SiO2(wet)/Si0.9Ge0.1/n–Si/Al capacitor structure, effects of oxidation on bulk trap and interface states near the SiO2/SiGe interface are investigated. Two peaks at the energy levels of 0.23 eV (D1) and 0.40 eV (D2) below the conduction band edge are observed with the capacitance deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) method. The DLTS measurement results show a characteristic feature of interface states for the D1 peak. The interface state distribution obtained by the capacitance–voltage method also has a high density (6.9×1012/cm2 eV) peak at an energy level of 0.23 eV below the conduction band edge. The Si–O– dangling bonds are thought to be the source of the D1 peak. The annealing behaviors of the D2 peak show that D2 is a divacancy related bulk trap. The capture cross section and the trap density for the bulk trap D2 are 2.06×10−15/cm2 and 1.8×1014/cm3, respectively. The density of D2 is significantly reduced after low temperature postmetallization annealing. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 1055-1058 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The diffusion of platinum into n- and p-type silicon has been carried out at temperatures ranging from 850 to 1000 °C and for times ranging from 1 to 50 h. Three deep levels associated with platinum were detected by the deep-level transient spectroscopy technique: two acceptor levels of Ec−0.23 and Ec−0.52 eV and a donor level of Ev+0.36 eV. The Ec−0.23 and Ev+0.36 eV levels are produced by platinum occupying the substitutional sites of silicon lattice. The Ec−0.52 eV level has not been characterized but is probably associated with some interstitial platinum-oxygen or other defect complex. Diffusion profiles of the substitutional platinum show that platinum diffuses into silicon mainly via the so-called kick-out mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive for rational mechanics and analysis 32 (1969), S. 247-254 
    ISSN: 1432-0673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 39 (1983), S. 187-214 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Self-interest maximization ; self-interest stable solutions ; self-interest cooperative games ; self-interest noncooperative games ; monotonic games ; decomposition theory ; reframing game payoffs ; full cooperation ; targeted solutions ; Pareto optimality ; collective group interest ; stability ; structural departure ; incentives for adopting a new game ; habitual domain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Human beings have a prevailing drive to achieve their self-interest goals or equilibrium states, which may subsume their social interests. An ideal working environment or cooperative game situation would be one in which each participant or player maximizes his/her own interest while maximizing his/her contribution to the collective group interest. This paper addresses the feasibility, methods, and bounds for reframing a generaln-person game into an ideal game in which full cooperation or a targeted solution can be induced and maintained by the players' self-interest maximization. Criteria for good reframing are introduced. Monotonic games, self-interest cooperative and noncooperative games, and a decomposition theory of general games are also introduced to facilitate the study. It is shown that everyn-person game can be written as the sum of a self-interest cooperative game and a self-interest noncooperative game. Everyn-person game can be reframed so that full cooperation can be achieved by the players' self-interest maximization. Everyn-person game can be reframed so that a targeted solution can be obtained and maintained through the players' self-interest maximization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 23 (1977), S. 277-284 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: n-person games ; stability ; grand coalition ; taxation systems ; nondominated imputation ; multicriteria framework
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In formulating solutions forn-person cooperative games, the concept of stability has played a dominant role. Although the core concept has the strongest stability, the core of a game is often empty. In this paper, the taxation system is incorporated into our framework, so that a modified solution concept, which enjoys the stability of core, can be developed. Various formulations based on principles such astaxation proportional to income andequity after tax are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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