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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of mechanistic proposals for the binding of agonists to cardiac muscarinic receptors (1986)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 25 (1986), S. 6995-7008 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00370a037
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of urinary ammonia by osmometry (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 51 (1979), S. 2247-2248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50049a043
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rhizosphere effect of tea on soil microbes in a Himalayan monsoonal location (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 21 (1996), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Rhizosphere ; Non-rhizosphere ; R:S ratio ; Tea ; Colony-forming unit ; Actinomycetes ; Bacteria ; Fungi ; Camellia sinensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Monthly investigations of the microbial population associated with tea soils, in terms of colony-forming units assessed by the plate-count method, were carried out at three different soil depths for a period of 12 months. Three groups of microbes, bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi, were examined. Contrary to general observations, the rhizosphere:soil ratios were found to be consistently below 1 in samples taken from established tea bushes, indicating an overall negative rhizosphere effect. Interactions among certain microorganisms may also have contributed to this effect. Nevertheless, the rhizosphere of young tea plants and that of a number of other perennial plants, of different ages, growing in established tea fields, appeared to stimulate microbial growth. The negative effect of the rhizosphere of older tea bushes does not appear to be a common phenomenon that is related to the aging of plants in general, but seems to be unique and specific to tea plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335924
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An inwardly rectifying chloride channel in ragweed-sensitized canine tracheal epithelial cells (1991)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 20 (1991), S. 65-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Airway epithelium ; Asthma ; Apical membrane ; Ion channel kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The single channel inside-out patch clamp technique was used to characterize ion channels in the apical membranes of ragweed-sensitized and control canine tracheal epithelial cells maintained in primary culture. Patches were obtained from single isolated cells or from cells at the edges of confluent sheets. A new type of chloride channel was seen in sensitized cells but not in control cells. The channel showed inward rectification in symmetric chloride solutions with conductance varying from 95 pS to 52 pS over the range of −60 mV to 60 mV membrane potential. Channel gating was voltage dependent with maximal opening at about −30 mV Kinetic analysis showed that distributions of closed and open times could both be well fitted by the sums of three exponential components. Rate constants for transitions between the states of a linear kinetic model were calculated, with only one rate being significantly voltage dependent. The possible significance of this channel is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186254
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Halide permeation through three types of epithelial anion channels after reconstitution into giant liposomes (1993)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 22 (1993), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Chloride channel ; Epithelium ; Ion permeation ; Mole fraction ; Liposomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Anion-selective channels from apical membranes of cultured CFPAC-1 cells were isolated and incorporated into giant liposomes for patch clamp recording. Liposomes were formed from L-α-lecithin by a dehydration-hydration method. Ion channels were characterized using the excised inside-out patch clamp configuration. The most commonly observed anion channels were similar to those observed in native epithelial tissues. The linear 20 pS Cl channel had the halide permeability sequence Cl− 〉 I− ≥ Br− 〉 F−, and showed anomalous mole-fraction behavior in solutions containing different proportions of Cl− and F−, ions. The autwardly rectifying Cl− channel had the halide permeability sequence I− 〉 Br− 〉 Cl− 〉 F−, and also showed anomalous molefraction behavior, indicating that both these channels probably contain multi-ion pores. The third, voltage-dependent anion channel showed at least five different substrates, had a conductance of 390 pS in the main state, and showed two types of kinetics, fast (openings and closings 〈 1 ms), and slow (openings and closings 〉 1 s). The channel was seen more frequently after reconstitution into giant liposomes than in intact cells. It was not selective amongst the halides, and there was no deviation from a linear dependence of relative current on molar fractions, indicating relatively simple permeation through the pore. Differences in halide permeabilities suggest that different anion channels may be related to different membrane proteins. Comparison with the chloride channel proteins isolated biochemically from epithelial cell membranes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205807
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Upconversion luminescence of Er3+ in alkali bismuth gallate glasses (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 483-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Frequency upconversion of Er3+ in alkali bismuth gallate glasses have been investigated. The upconversion mechanisms are discussed, and the dominant mechanisms are excited state absorption for the 2H11/2→4I15/2 and 4S3/2→4I15/2 transitions, and energy transfer upconversion for the 4F9/2→4I15/2 transition. Intense green (around 525–550 nm) and red (around 660 nm) emission bands were observed under 800 nm excitation. At a pump intensity of 15.6 W/cm2, frequency upconversion efficiencies of 2.1×10−2 and 4.8×10−3 were obtained for the green and red emissions, respectively. The results are the highest among doped oxide glasses, and are comparable to those reported for Er3+/Yb3+ codoped fluoride glasses. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.127018
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF HYPERTHERMIA ON VASCULAR FUNCTION IN NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC TISSUES (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 335 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb50735.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nicotine and cotinine replacement when nicotine nasal spray is used to quit smoking (1998)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 137 (1998), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Nicotine nasal spray ; Smoking cessation ; Nicotine replacement ; Cotinine replacement ; Expired carbon monoxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nicotine nasal spray (NNS) is generally considered to be an effective smoking cessation aid, but all studies to date of NNS effectiveness have also utilized group therapy sessions or frequent laboratory visits to support their subjects’ stop smoking efforts. We studied 50 volunteers before they attempted to quit smoking and again at 1, 2 and 3 months after they received NNS to assist them in quitting smoking. No other stop smoking intervention was used, which more closely mimics the common practice of many individuals trying to stop smoking with the aid of a nicotine replacement product but without other supportive interventions. We found that 50% of the subjects quit smoking for the first month, 34% were still abstinent after 2 months and 32% quit smoking for 3 months. Those who quit smoking for the entire 3 months and who continued regular NNS use throughout had 67% cotinine replacement at the end of the first month, while another group which quit smoking for only the first month with the aid of NNS had 42% cotinine replacement at the end of that month. Our data confirm that NNS is an effective smoking cessation aid, but our abstinent rate at 3 months is slightly lower than in other studies in which group therapy was provided. Our data also indicate that higher NNS-induced cotinine replacement during the first month of quitting smoking (suggesting more frequent use of NNS) is associated with longer term quit-smoking success rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050629
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of zeatin riboside in a hormone autonomous genetic tumour line of tobacco (1997)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 23 (1997), S. 159-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: Cytokinin metabolism ; genetic tumour ; hormone ; autonomous
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The metabolic fate of externally applied [3H]-zeatin riboside ([9R]Z) was studied in a cultured genetic tumour line of Nicotiana glauca (Grah.) × N. langsdorffii (Weinm.), which grows on auxin and cytokinin free medium. Metabolism by 3.5-week-old tissues showed enhanced stability of supplied [9R]Z; unmetabolized [9R]Z accounted for 48.7 and 37.5% of extracted radioactivity following 8 and 24 h incubation, respectively; tissues of different ages (1–10 weeks following subculture) also indicated high cytokinin stability following 8 h incubation (unmetabolized [9R]Z accounted for 32.5–53.0% of extracted radioactivity). All analyses were performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the results subsequently confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Side-chain cleavage and modification of the purine ring were the major forms of metabolism; metabolites with an intact cytokinin moiety included zeatin (Z), [9R]Z nucleotides and glucosyl derivatives. Detailed analysis of metabolites carried out in the experiments using 3.5-week-old tissues indicated that both dihydro-derivatives as well as cis isomers of Z and [9R]Z were not formed. Adenine, adenosine and its nucleotide(s) were the main degradative metabolites; in 3.5-week-old tissues these metabolites accounted for about 5.9 and 7.8% (of 3H extracted) following 8 and 24 h incubation, respectively. In tissues of different ages (1–10 weeks following subculture), these metabolites accounted for about 7.6–22.9% of the extracted 3H. Some metabolites (zeatin, adenine and adenosine) were also detected in the staled incubation media. The observed high [9R]Z stability in this tissue may reflect low levels of cytokinin oxidase activity and/or some form of compartmentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005985331661
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loss of Heterozygosity in Bilateral Breast Cancer (2000)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 64 (2000), S. 241-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; bilateral ; loss of heterozygosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Women who develop bilateral breast cancer at an early age are likely to harbour germline mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes. The aim of this study was to test for concordant genetic changes in left and right breast cancer of young women (age 〈50) with bilateral breast cancer that may suggest an inherited breast cancer predisposition. Microsatellite markers were used to test for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in left and right tumours for 31 women with premenopausal bilateral breast cancer. Markers adjacent to or within candidate genes on 17p (p53), 17q (BRCA1), 13q (BRCA2), 11q (Ataxia Telangiectasia-ATM) and 3p (FHIT) were chosen. Mutational testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 was performed for cases where blood was available. Concordant LOH in both left and right tumours was demonstrated for at least one of the markers tested in 16/31(54%) cases. Where allelic loss was demonstrated for both left and right breast cancer, the same allele was lost on each occasion. This may suggest a common mutational event. Four cases showed concordant loss of alleles in both left and right breast cancer at D17S791 (BRCA1). BRCA1 mutations were identified in two of these cases where blood was available. Four cases showed concordant LOH at D13S155 (BRCA2). Concordant LOH was further demonstrated in seven cases for D11S1778 (ATM) and four cases for D3S1300 (which maps to the FHIT gene), suggesting a possible role for these tumour suppressor genes in this subgroup of breast cancer patients. No concordant allelic loss was demonstrated for D17S786 suggesting that germline mutations in p53 are unlikely in such cases of bilateral breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026575619155
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