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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 8 (1972), S. 173-178 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Alloxan ; D-glucose protection ; islet cell potentials ; D-mannoheptulose ; mouse pancreas ; nicotin-amide protection ; streptozotocin ; N-nitroso ; N-methyl urea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'alloxane (5 mM) a dépolarisé les cellules des îlots, mais non les cellules de l'acinus des segments pancréatiques chez la sourisin vitro. Cet effet était anihilé par le D-glucose, mais non par le glutathion, le3, 0, méthyl-α-D-glucose, la D-glucosamine, le D-mannoheptulose ou la L-leucine. Le pré-traitement des cellules ß des îlots à la streptozotocine (20 mM) n'a pas provoqué de dépolarisation, mais a inhibé la génération de potentiels d'action par le D-glucose, la L'leucine, le D-mannose et la D-glycéraldéhyde, tandis que les potentiels d'action provoqués par la tolbutamide n'étaient pas bloqués; la partie alkylante de la streptozotocine, la N-nitroso-N-méthyl urée produisaient les mêmes effets. L'exposition préalable des cellules des îlots à l'amide nicotinique (4.1 mM) fournissait une protection contre l'action de la streptozotocine. Ces observations sont discutées en relation avec l'action diabétogène de l'alloxane et de la streptozotocine.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung 5 mM Alloxan depolarisiert die Inseln aber nicht die Azinuszellen von Segmenten des Mäusepankreasin vitro. Diese Wirkung konnte durch D-Glucose aber nicht durch Glutathion, 3, 0, methyl-α-D-Glucose, D-Glucosamin, D-Mannoheptulose, oder L-Leucin verhindert werden. Die Vorbehandlung vonβ-Zellen der Inseln mit 20 mM Streptozotocin verursachte keine Depolarisierung aber verhinderte die Erzeugung von Aktionspotentialen durch D-Glucose, L-Leucin, D-Mannose und D-Glyceraldehyden, während durch Tolbutamid induzierte Aktionspotentiale nicht blockiert wurden. Der alkylierende Teil von Streptozotocin, der N-nitroso-N-methyl-Harnstoff zeigte ähnliche Wirkungen. Ein vorheriger Kontakt der Inselzellen mit Nicotinamid 4,1 mM erzeugte einen Schutz gegenüber der Streptozotocinwirkung. Diese Beobachtungen werden in Verbindung mit der diabetogenen Wirkung von Alloxan und Streptozotocin diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Alloxan 5 mM depolarised the islet but not the acinar cells of mouse pancreatic segmentsin vitro. This effect was prevented by D-glucose but not by glutathione, 3, 0, methyl-α-D-glucose, D-glucosamine, D-mannoheptulose, or L-leucine. Pretreatment of islet β-cells with streptozotocin 20 mM caused no depolarization but inhibited the generation of action potentials by D-glucose, L-leucine, D-mannose and D-glyceraldehyde, whereas tolbutamide-induced action potentials were not blocked; the alkylating moiety of streptozotocin, N-nitroso N- methyl urea produced similar effects. Prior exposure of the islet cells to nicotinamide 4.1 mM conferred protection against streptozotocin action. These observations are discussed in relation to the diabetogenic action of alloxan and streptozotocin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: laser light scattering ; microscopy ; acinar cells ; granule secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report here the direct observation of the motion of cytoplasmic subcellular organelles and macromolecules within single, metabolically active, pancreatic acinar cells using microscope laser-light scattering spectroscopy (MLLSS). The relative amount and the “effective diffusion coefficient” of the mobile particles shows a marked difference in magnitude between the apical and basal regions of the cell. Secretory stimulation evoked by the cholinergic agonist bethanechol induces changes in the relative motion in the cytoplasm of approximately one fifth of the acinar cells. This study demonstrates the feasibility and utility of a novel technique, MLLSS, for the analysis of intracellular events in regions as small as (2 μm)3 in single, granule secreting cells. It also shows MLLSS to be a powerful tool for the detection and measurement of altered motion in disrete subcellular regions of small mammalian cells after biochemical and pharmacological manipulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 8 (1972), S. 46-51 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Neonatal infection of C57BL/10 mice with cloned ecotropic and/or dual-tropic mink cell focus-inducing (MCF) mouse leukaemia viruses (MuLV), induces a wide spectrum of different lymphomas of T, B, and non-T/non-B cell types. The H-2 complex has a marked influence on both the development of lymphoma incidence and lymphoma type. A study using the oncogenic MCF 1233 virus and a series of B10 congenic mice enabled the mapping of the following:(a) Resistance to the early development of T cell lymphomas is controlled by the H-21-A locus.(b) Susceptibility to early T cell lymphomagenesis is associated with an I-A-regulated low anti-MCF 1233 envelope antibody response and persistent infection of the thymus.(c) B10 (H-2b) mice, which are resistant to early T cell lymphomagenesis induced by MCF 1233 or other MuLV isolates, have high anti-MuLV envelope antibody responses which are I-A-regulated. These mice develop more B cell lymphomas late in life in contrast to the early development of T cell lymphoma in B10.A (H-2a mice. The possible response mechanisms which underlie these observations, including: (1) I-A -regulated immunoselection against MuLV antigens expressed by (pre) leukaemic T cells, (2) aberrant expression of class II MHC antigens on some B cell lymphomas and (3) I-A-regulated chronic immunostimulation of MuLV-expressing (pre) leukaemic B cells, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Ecology of freshwater fish 9 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract – Effects of environmental or landscape factors on species composition, species richness and complexity of fish assemblages were examined using our collections of fish from 65 sites on streams in 13 drainages across the midwestern United States. Effects of environmental factors were examined at three scales: broad geographic factors included drainage, latitude, and longitude; local terrestrial factors included features of the riparian zone adjacent to the collecting site as well as local climate and land use; within-stream aquatic factors related to structure and hydrology of the stream reach sampled. Each assemblage property was examined for its relationship to factors at each scale separately, and then for relative importance of all factors found to be significant in the separate analyses. Assemblage composition (summarized as sample scores on two axes of a detrended correspondence analysis) varied significantly as a function of factors at all three scales when each scale was considered separately. With simultaneous consideration of all scales, however, only broad geographic factors (particularly latitude) and local terrestrial factors explained significant variation in assemblage composition. Species richness (the number of species we captured) was explained by longitude and within-stream aquatic factors both when considered separately and together. Assemblage complexity (quantified as slope of relative abundance versus rank abundance) was only related to within-stream aquatic factors. Assemblage composition and emergent assemblage properties (richness and complexity), therefore, were explained by factors acting at different scales. The total variation explained for assemblage composition was much greater than that explained for emergent assemblage properties, suggesting that assemblage composition may vary more as a function of environmental and landscape factors than do species richness and complexity./〉
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 71 (1976), S. 506-512 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0048-3575
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 219 (1968), S. 1369-1370 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] When the tissue was exposed to a K+-free environment, the cells showed the expected hyperpolarization, reaching potential values of 80 mV. These values were sustained for 2 3 h in the absence of ACTH, but in its presence the cells progressively depolarized. Approximately 30 min after exposure to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 219 (1968), S. 389-390 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Albino mice, weighing 30?40 g, were used. A mouse was killed and the pancreas removed and placed in a bath of modified Krebs?Henseleit solution2 containing 2.7 mM glucose; the solution was maintained at 37 C and gassed with 95 per cent O2 and 5 per cent CO2. The islets of Langerhans were exposed by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Teleost fish are commonly used as model species in laboratory studies of behaviour and ecology. In comparison to other groups of vertebrates used routinely in such studies, however, relatively little attention has been paid to their environmental requirements from a welfare perspective. Fish naturally inhabit a wide variety of aquatic habitats that differ enormously in the range of light environments they provide, and light regime has enormous potential to affect behaviour. Yet the level and quality of illumination (in terms of intensity and wavelength spectrum) provided in experimental studies of fish behaviour is generally designed to maximize ease of recording by the observer. In addition, display or home aquaria provide illumination that maximizes the ‘viewing pleasure’ of the observer, and specialist lighting tubes are available to stimulate rapid plant growth and to ‘show off’ the colours of fish, rather than to provide ‘natural’ light environments. Here we present the results of three studies designed to examine the effects of light intensity, wavelength spectrum and their interactions on the behaviour of a model species commonly used in behavioural studies, the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus. Our aims are to determine whether unnatural light environments, generated by manipulating light intensity and wavelength spectrum, affect behaviour in ways that may lead to concern for the welfare of fish as research animals or pets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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